5-氨基-3-氰基-1-（2，6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基）吡唑的合成研究

氟虫腈英文通用名为fipronil,商品名Regent（锐劲特）,是一种芳基吡唑型杂环类杀虫剂。氟虫腈具有长效性、高活性,对许多病菌均有抑制作用,并能促进植物生长,既可用于茎叶处理和土壤处理,又可用于种子处理,是代替高毒有机磷农药的首选品种之一。 5-氨基-3-氰基-1-（2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基）吡唑,为芳基吡唑腈类化合物,分子式：C11H5C12F3N4,CAS：120068—79—3。该化合物为合成氟虫腈的关键中间体。在5-氨基-3-氰基-1-（2,6-二氯-4-三氟甲基苯基）吡唑的合成文献中,都存在废酸排放过多,不易处理,使用试剂毒性较大,工业防护要求高等缺点。本课题组对该化合物的合成进行了研究,对筛选出的合成路线进行了改进。     

反硝化-水解酸化-厌氧-缺氧-MBR工艺处理氮磷废水

针对常州某工业园各企业生产废水的特点,对氮磷段废水采用分质收集处理。对高磷废水采用化学反应-混凝沉淀法;处理后废水与非磷段废水混合,采用反硝化-水解酸化-厌氧-缺氧-膜生物反应器进行处理。经过4个月的实际运行,结果表明,出水水质达到GB 18918-2002中的一级A标准。     

2-重氮-1-萘醌-5-磺酰氯生产废水处理的实验研究

重氮-1-萘醌-5-磺酰氯的生产废水具有CODCr浓度高、毒性大、酸性高,可生化处理性能差的特点。本论文采用芬顿试剂(Fenton)氧化与中和混凝相结合的方法处理该难降解有机废水,取得了一定效果。在FeSO_4·7H_2O投加量为5 mg/mL、H_2O_2投加量为0.3 mL/mL、反应时间90 min的条件下,CODCr去除率为83.9%;Ca(OH)_2中和混凝处理过程的CODCr去除效率为26.9%。CODCr的总去除效率达到88.7%。为2-重氮-1-萘醌-5-磺酰氯生产废水处理提供了一项可行的处理技术。     

隔油-生化-消毒-景观塘处理餐具废水工程实例

介绍了隔油-缺氧-好氧-SBR-消毒-景观塘工艺处理餐具消毒废水,该工艺处理效果稳定,运行可靠、技术可行,工程验收合格后,污水经处理达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918—2002)一级B标准后排入景观塘,效益明显。     

利用氢氧化钠-尿素-氧化锌-水体系制备湿强纸的研究

利用氢氧化钠-尿素-氧化锌-水体系处理漂白甘蔗渣化学浆成纸以制备湿强纸,通过氢氧化钠质量分数、处理温度、处理时间和洗涤时间的单因素试验探究最佳工艺流程。结果表明,氢氧化钠质量分数6%、处理温度-10℃、处理时间8 min、洗涤时间10min的条件下,制得成纸的强度性能最好,同时和原纸相比,制得纸张的结晶区结构没有明显变化,但纸张表面形态变化明显。     

4-甲基-7-羟基-8-醛香豆素的合成与表征

采用间苯二酚和乙酰乙酸乙酯为原料,合成了4-甲基-7-羟基香豆素。4-甲基-7-羟基香豆素和六次甲基四胺在冰醋酸中反应,简单处理后得到4-甲基-7-羟基-8-醛基香豆素。对所合成的醛基香豆素采用IR、1HNMR进行了结构表征和确认。该反应操作简单,后处理简便,产率较高。     

组合化学混凝-水解酸化-好氧-生物活性炭工艺处理高盐度钻井废水

采用隔油-絮凝预处理-水解酸化-好氧处理-深度处理组合工艺对某钻井平台高盐度废水进行处理试验研究.采用聚合硫酸铁(PFS)、聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)和双氧水(H2O2)组合化学混凝法进行预处理,深度处理采用生物活性炭工艺.结果表明,组合混凝工艺处理效果显著优于普通混凝工艺,废水COD和色度去除率分别可达94.2%和99.4%;生物活性炭工艺在停留时间为6h时COD平均去除率为77.4%;中试装置处理效果稳定,出水COD低于60mg·L-1,达到天津市污水综合排放标准(DB 12/356-2008)二级排放标准.该工艺处理废水费用约为11元·m-3.     

4-氯-1-甲基-3-硝基-2(1H)-喹啉酮的合成

以N-甲基苯胺为起始原料,经过环合反应制得4-羟基-1-甲基-2(1H)-喹啉酮,再经硝化和氯代反应合成了目标化合物,该方法所用原料廉价易得,产物处理简单,适合工业化生产,总收率可达51.9%。     

物化处理-水解酸化-改良SBR系统处理助剂废水

采用物化处理-水解酸化-改良SBR系统处理某助剂废水,设计处理能力为1000m3·d-1,并介绍了该工艺流程的特点.结果表明,用该工艺处理助剂废水,其出水水质达到污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)制药行业2级标准.     

一种2-羟基-6-氯喹噁啉绿色合成方法

目前国内生产精喹禾灵关键中间体2-羟基-6-氯喹噁啉主要用硫化钠还原,其产生的污水多且难处理;而文章采用双氧水作为还原剂,大大缓解了生产过程中污水的处理难题,为以后精喹绿色生产提供较好路线。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.