共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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以SnCl_4·5H_2O与柠檬酸为原料,采用sol-gel法制备了掺杂质量分数w(Yb_2O_3)为0~1.0%的Yb_2O_3-SnO_2纳米粉体。利用XRD、TEM等测试手段分析了粉体的微观结构,采用静态配气法测试了由所制粉体制成的气敏元件对NO_2、Cl_2、H_2、H_2S、乙醇、甲醛等气体的气敏性能。结果表明:用该法得到的粉体颗粒粒径小,且均匀;工作温度为100℃时,由掺杂w(Yb_2O_3)为0.4%的SnO_2粉体,在烧结温度600℃制得的气敏元件,对体积分数为30×10–6的NO_2的灵敏度最高可达18224,且该元件具有较好的响应–恢复特性,响应时间和恢复时间分别是20s和15s。 相似文献
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In2O3纳米粉体的制备及其气敏性能研究 总被引:5,自引:5,他引:5
以In2(SO4)3为原料,通过sol-gel法制备了立方晶系的In2O3粉体。利用X射线衍射仪、透射电镜对材料的组成、晶粒的大小、结构进行了表征。结果表明,产物为平均粒径30 nm左右的圆球形颗粒。将前驱体分别在不同温度下进行热处理,对其气敏性能研究发现,900℃热处理的元件,在工作温度245℃时,对50×10–6 Cl2表现出较好的灵敏度(1.5×104)和选择性。600℃热处理的元件,在工作温度245℃时,对50×10–6 NO2的灵敏度高达2.5×105。最后,对其气敏机理进行了分析。 相似文献
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SnO2纳米粉体的制备及其气敏性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以Sn粒为原料,在柠檬酸体系中,用sol-gel法合成了具有四方晶系的SnO2粉体。用XRD、TEM对产物的组成、粒径、形貌进行了表征。结果表明:产物为平均粒径25 nm左右的圆球形颗粒。另外,在最佳工作温度300℃时,采用静态配气法测试了材料的气敏性能,发现SnO2对体积分数为5×10–5的氯气的灵敏度高达805,而且对其它气体有很好的抗干扰能力。元件的响应恢复特性良好,响应时间和恢复时间分别为3 s和7 s。 相似文献
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以钛酸四丁酯、硝酸铬为原料,采用sol-gel法制备了w(Cr2O3)为0~30%的Cr2O3-TiO2纳米粉体。利用XRD、TEM等测试手段分析了粉体的微观结构,采用静态配气法测试了由所制粉体制成的气敏元件对乙醇、CO、NO2等气体的气敏性能。结果表明:用该法得到的粉体材料颗粒粒径小,且均匀;工作电压为4.0 V时,由w(Cr2O3)为20%的粉体在800℃烧结制得的气敏元件对体积分数为30×10–6的乙醇的灵敏度最高可达282,且具有较好的响应–恢复特性,响应时间和恢复时间分别是10 s和24 s。 相似文献
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采用水热法制备了质量分数w[La(NO3)3]为3%~9%的La(NO3)3-In2O3纳米粉体。利用XRD,SEM,TEM等测试手段,对其物相、结构进行了表征。结果表明:掺质量分数为7%的La(NO3)3的In2O3纳米粉体,其颗粒长度和直径分别为2μm与200nm左右,呈棒状。利用该纳米粉体制成气敏元件,并采用静态配气法测试了元件的气敏性能。研究发现:元件在110℃的工作温度下,对体积分数为100×10-6的Cl2的灵敏度高达1665.7,且具有良好的选择性与响应-恢复特性。 相似文献
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采用表面包覆的方法对共沉淀法制备的ZnFe2O4纳米粒子进行表面改性,使其能分散在有机溶剂中形成ZnFe2O4纳米微粒有机溶胶,并以该有机溶胶为前驱体通过提拉成膜技术制备了ZnFe2O4纳米粒子薄膜.光吸收测量显示,表面包覆改性可导致ZnFe2O4纳米粒子的光吸收边出现较大幅度的红移,且红移的幅度随着ZnFe2O4纳米粒子的尺寸减小而增大;光吸收带边特性分析表明,ZnFe2O4纳米材料是间接带隙半导体.根据吸收带边与光吸收系数间的关系,计算了ZnFe2O4纳米粒子的间接和直接光学带隙能. 相似文献
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sol-gel燃烧法合成MgFe_2O_4纳米颗粒及其气敏性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以Mg(NO3)2、Fe(NO3)3和柠檬酸为原料,采用sol-gel燃烧法,合成了MgFe2O4纳米颗粒。利用XRD、TEM和红外光谱对产物进行了结构、形貌的测量和表征。结果表明:MgFe2O4的前驱体燃烧后经过500℃下1h的热处理,得到平均粒径小于20nm的纳米颗粒。以MgFe2O4为原料,制备了气敏元件,发现元件在工作电压为4.5V时对50×10–6的Cl2的灵敏度达到177,响应时间达4s,而且对其它气体的抗干扰性很好,有望开发成为对Cl2检测的传感器材料。 相似文献
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Photocatalyst Interface Engineering: Spatially Confined Growth of ZnFe2O4 within Graphene Networks as Excellent Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalysts 下载免费PDF全文
Deren Yang Jing Feng Lili Jiang Xiaoliang Wu Lizhi Sheng Yuting Jiang Tong Wei Zhuangjun Fan 《Advanced functional materials》2015,25(45):7080-7087
High‐performance photocatalysts should have highly crystallized nanocrystals (NCs) with small sizes, high separation efficiency of photogenerated electron–hole pairs, fast transport and consumption of photon‐excited electrons from the surface of catalyst, high adsorption of organic pollutant, and suitable band gap for maximally utilizing sunlight energy. However, the design and synthesis of these versatile structures still remain a big challenge. Here, we report a novel strategy for the synthesis of ultrasmall and highly crystallized graphene–ZnFe2O4 photocatalyst through interface engineering by using interconnected graphene network as barrier for spatially confined growth of ZnFe2O4, as transport channels for photon‐excited electron from the surface of catalyst, as well as the electron reservoir for suppressing the recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. As a result, about 20 nm ZnFe2O4 NCs with highly crystallized (311) plane confined in the graphene network exhibit an excellent visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic activity with an ultrafast degradation rate of 1.924 × 10?7 mol g?1 s?1 for methylene blue, much higher than those of previously reported photocatalysts such as spinel‐based photocatalysts (20 times), TiO2‐based photocatalysts (4 times), and other photocatalysts (4 times). Our strategy can be further extended to fabricate other catalysts and electrode materials for supercapacitors and Li‐ion batteries. 相似文献
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Yongpeng Liu Meng Xia Liang Yao Mounir Mensi Dan Ren Michael Grätzel Kevin Sivula Néstor Guijarro 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(16):2010081
Recent advances in low-cost manufacturing as well as in bulk/interface engineering have positioned zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4, ZFO) in the spotlight as a candidate material for solar water oxidation. However, the severe recombination at the reactive interface remains as the main source of the poor onset potential. Although catalytic overlayers have shown to override, at least partially, the surface recombination, passivating-only coatings are barely explored despite holding the key to specifically suppress the recombination. Here, a sub-nanometer Al2O3 layer is conformally deposited onto nanostructured ZFO, leading to a 100 mV shift in the onset potential reaching 0.80 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a fourfold photocurrent increase at 1.0 V versus RHE. The passivation-only effect of Al2O3 is confirmed by the slowing down of the surface recombination detected by intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy and by the transient photovoltage and photoluminescence experiments. Further characterization of the chemical states at the reactive interface reveals that the partial filling of the surface oxygen vacancies and the formation of a Zn2+–Al3+ Lewis adduct are potentially involved in the surface passivation. This study not only demonstrates that Al2O3 improves ZFO's onset potential but also sheds light on the up until now unknown surface passivation mechanism. 相似文献
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采用共沉淀法制备了CoFe2O4纳米颗粒,运用XRD、TEM和VSM测试手段,研究了煅烧温度对CoFe2O4的结构、形貌以及磁性能的影响。结果表明:CoFe2O4纳米颗粒的粒径大小均匀;煅烧前与经200℃和600℃煅烧的CoFe2O4纳米颗粒晶粒度分别约为15,20和30nm;CoFe2O4纳米颗粒的粒径、Ms、Mr和Hc随着煅烧温度的升高而增大。当煅烧温度为600℃时,Ms约为67A·m2·kg–1,Hc为4.67×107A·m–1。 相似文献
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在碱性条件下,以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为表面活性剂,CuCl2.H2O为前驱体,维生素C为还原剂,于55℃采用液相回流法制备了氧化亚铜粉体。利用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对样品的组成和形貌进行分析,同时对其进行了NOx气敏性能测试并探讨了其气敏机理。结果表明:所制备的氧化亚铜呈立方相的Cu2O多面体结构,且粒子大小均一,粒径为400~500 nm。该材料在室温下对NOx有较好的气敏响应,对体积分数为9.7×10–5的NOx的灵敏度可达到20.9%,响应时间为10.2 s,是一种很有潜力的气敏材料。 相似文献
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以ZnCl2和KOH为原料,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为表面活性剂,利用水热法合成了棒状氧化锌纳米粉体,通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)等对产物的物相、微观形貌及表面化学状态进行了表征,并用静态配气法测试了其气敏性能。结果表明:所得ZnO具有六方纤锌矿结构,结晶良好,平均直径约150 nm,长度为500 nm~1 m,其在工作电压为5.5 V时对体积分数为100×10–6的乙醇和丙酮气体均能快速响应,且灵敏度分别达到21和30.2。 相似文献