纳米银颗粒-聚氨酯导电纤维的制备及拉伸传感应用

为了提高导电纤维的可拉伸性，采用湿法纺丝法制备聚氨酯纤维(TPU纤维)，将TPU纤维浸渍三氟乙酸银溶液并还原制备纤维状纳米银颗粒/聚氨酯导电纤维(AgNPs-TPU导电纤维)。探究了不同制备条件下AgNPs-TPU导电纤维的导电性和拉伸性，研究了AgNPs-TPU导电纤维拉伸传感性能。结果表明，以质量分数25%的TPU纺丝液所制备的TPU纤维浸渍20 mg/mL三氟乙酸银溶液还原4次后，AgNPs-TPU导电纤维单位长度电阻为10.79Ω，抗拉伸强度为5.14 MPa，断裂伸长率为576.18%。在不同拉伸应变的情况下，AgNPs-TPU导电纤维可通过自身电阻变化率的变化对不同的拉伸应变信息进行表征，实现将拉伸应变信号稳定转化为电信号，具备良好的拉伸传感性能。     

LDPE/不锈钢纤维电磁屏蔽材料的性能研究

以不锈钢纤维作为导电填料，添加到低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）中，制备了一种电磁屏蔽材料。分析了不锈钢纤维的加入对复合材料电磁性能、导电性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明，LDPE/不锈钢纤维复合材料的电磁屏蔽效能与不锈钢纤维的长径比成正比，添加了长径比大的不锈钢纤维的LDPE的导电性能更佳。随着不锈钢纤维用量的增加，LDPE／不锈钢纤维复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率都有较大幅度的下降。     

聚苯胺/PA11共混导电纤维的研制 Ⅱ.影响纤维导电性能的因素

讨论了对采用湿法纺丝工艺纺制的聚苯胺/ＰＡ１１纤维的导电性能的一些影响因素,研究表明聚苯胺在纤维中的含量和处理纤维的酸度对纤维的导电性能有较大的影响,增加纤维后拉伸倍数可在一定程度上提高纤维的导电性能,测试电压和施加电场的时间对纤维的导电性能也有一定的影响。     

基于废旧棉织物制备导电再生纤维素纤维

利用磷酸水溶液直接溶解废旧棉织物制备纺丝液，并通过湿法纺丝制备力学性能良好的再生纤维素纤维，然后在其表面原位沉积聚吡咯，赋予其导电性能。最后，对所制得导电再生纤维素纤维的温度敏感性和电热性能进行了探究。当三氯化铁与吡咯的摩尔比为1∶1，沉积时间为48 h时，纤维电导率为566S/m，强力较沉积前提高了13%。导电再生纤维素纤维的TCR值为-0.245/℃，经过7次循环，电热性能无明显变化。导电纤维在3V下可升温至37℃，6V下可升温至110℃，经过9次循环其电热性能良好。     

复合型导电纤维解决静电问题

复合型导电纤维实际上是通过复合纺丝技术使纤维的一部分含有导电物质，这样使纤维在具有导电特性的同时，又兼有普通合成纤维的性能，成为具有可纺性的功能性纤维。复合型导电纤维可制成各类抗静电纺织品，如抗静电服、防尘无菌衣等，因此目前在军队装备、特殊行业制服、高档纺织品出口以及医疗卫生等领域应用广泛。[第一段]     

热塑性导电塑料在屏蔽电磁波干扰中的应用

介绍了复合型导电塑料，特别是导电纤维增强热塑性塑料在屏蔽电磁波干扰中的应用现状和技术发展趋势，讨论了3种主要的导电纤维即碳纤维，镀镍碳纤维和不锈钢纤维的优缺点；比较了不同的加工设备和加工方法对这类导电复合材料性能的影响。     

聚苯胺/涤纶导电纤维的制备(英文)

先将涤纶在苯胺溶液中预浸泡 ,再将纤维置于氧化剂的酸溶液中使苯胺在纤维上氧化聚合 ,同时掺杂制得聚苯胺 /涤纶导电复合纤维。讨论了反应条件对纤维导电性能的影响。实验表明 ,采用此法制得的导电纤维具有较高的聚苯胺含量和优良的导电性能     

导电纤维在复合型导电塑料中的应用

就导电纤维对复合型导电塑料导电性的影响,导电纤维的种类及国内外研究进展进行了简要的概述。研究表明,导电纤维可以在低添加量下获得高导电性能,是一种具有广泛应用前景的导电塑料。     

超声浸润法制备聚酰胺导电纤维及其性能研究

以聚酰胺纤维为基体,通过对纤维进行超声浸润的导电处理方法得到了含碳纳米管的聚酰胺导电长丝。该方法使碳纳米管部分插入纤维中以使其牢固地附着在纤维表面,改善了导电纤维涂层易脱落的缺点。通过扫描电子显微镜观察,导电性能、力学性能、耐水洗性能测试,探讨了分散混合液中甲酸体积分数、碳纳米管质量浓度对纤维导电性能的影响。结果显示:当分散混合液中甲酸体积分数为65%,碳纳米管质量浓度为3 g/L时,得到的碳纳米管/聚酰胺导电纤维的电导率可以达到2.33 S/m;甲酸的处理并未对纤维造成过大损伤,纤维力学性能良好;在经过60 min超声水洗后,纤维电导率只下降了一个数量级,耐水洗性能良好,且具有良好的力学性能。     

化学镀银导电聚氨酯纤维的制备

用表面化学镀银的方法制备导电性能优异的导电聚氨酯纤维。探讨了纤维导电性能与镀液条件的关系,发现硝酸银浓度、还原剂浓度、碱用量、镀液温度、反应时间等因素对纤维导电性能都有影响。纤维的电导率随着镀银层质量的增加而增大。镀银后的聚氨酯纤维的电导率可以达到102 S／cm。     

碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮复合材料的制备工艺及耐磨和导电性研究

介绍了碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮(PEEK)复合材料制备工艺、机械力学性能、摩擦磨损机理、导电性,重点研究了制备工艺对机械力学性能的影响,碳纤维添加量和碳纤维的表面处理,对耐磨性和导电性的影响。通过SEM照片和DSC曲线以证明:PEEK和碳纤维结有着良好的结合性,这对复合材料导电性和耐磨性产生一定影响,即随着碳纤维质量分数增加导电性和耐磨性都有提高,碳纤维表面处理有利于提高耐磨性。     

The role of electronic and ionic conduction in the electrical conductivity of carbon fiber reinforced cement

Electrical conduction in carbon fiber reinforced cement with a fiber volume fraction below the percolation threshold involves electrons and ions. The fiber affects both the electronic conduction and the ionic conduction. The ozone treatment of the fiber surface helps the ionic conduction. Latex as an admixture helps provide a relatively high ionic conductivity; silica fume as an admixture helps provide a relatively high electronic conductivity. In the dry state (the state of practical importance attained by room temperature drying), electronic conduction is more significant than ionic conduction. In the wet state (water saturated state), ionic conduction dominates. When silica fume is present with the fiber, the fractional electronic contribution in the dry state is 0.99. When latex is present with the fiber, the corresponding value is 0.72-0.78. The ratio of the wet ionic conductivity to the dry ionic conductivity is much increased by fiber surface treatment and is higher when latex rather than silica fume is used. The wet ionic conductivity is much higher than the dry overall conductivity when latex is present, but is lower than or comparable to the dry overall conductivity when silica fume is present; the wet ionic conductivity is lower than the dry overall conductivity when the fiber is not treated and silica fume is present.     

某高导热纤维及其复合材料性能研究

研究了某高导热纤维/环氧树脂单向层复合材料的导热系数和力学性能,发现某高导热纤维/环氧树脂单向层复合材料导热性能提高的同时其个别复合材料性能降低;分析认为某高导热纤维与环氧树脂的界面性能是影响复合材料力学性能的重要因素,同时研究了某高导热纤维的表面微观形貌和表面化学特性、结晶度及某高导热纤维/环氧树脂浸胶丝束的力学性能...     

AC conductivity of carbon fiber–polymer matrix composites at the percolation threshold

This paper reports results on experimental investigation of the conductivity behavior of carbon fiber filled polymer composites at the percolation threshold. Two types of carbon fiber‐epoxy matrix composites have been studied and comparison of the measured data has been made. These two types of composites differ in the surface modification of carbon fibers (in one case the surface of carbon fibers is covered with polymer beads using the microencapsulation technology, in the other their surface stayed unmodified). Experimental data reveal that surface modification of carbon fibers influences greatly the DC conductivity (percolation threshold moves to higher concentrations) but does not influence the AC electrical properties. From the frequency dependence of conductivity upon fiber concentration it becomes clear that it is not possible to predict the high frequency conductivity (electromagnetic interference shielding properties) based on the DC conductivity. Percolation behavior of conductivity as a function of conductive filler concentration is typical only for DC or low frequency AC conductivity. The percolation threshold gradually vanishes for high frequencies of electromagnetic field. The temperature dependence of electrical properties has also been studied. Composites with concentration near the percolation threshold show the switch‐off effect (at the specific temperature the DC conductivity drops by several orders of magnitude). This switch‐off effect does not occur for high frequency AC conductivity.     

碳纤维的表面改性对导热顺丁橡胶性能的影响

研究了碳纤维的表面改性方法对碳纤维/顺丁橡胶(BR)复合材料的硫化特性、门尼粘度、导热性能和力学性能的影响.实验结果表明,碳纤维/顺丁橡胶复合材料与顺丁橡胶空白样相比,其硫化速度、导热系数与力学性能都有明显的提高.而碳纤维的表面改性对碳纤维/顺丁橡胶复合材料的硫化特性数据、门尼粘度和导热系数影响并不明显,加入碳纤维后的未改性的碳纤维/顺丁橡胶复合材料的导热性能最佳,其导热系数为0.527 W/(m·K),为顺丁橡胶空白样的1.7倍;经过高温氧化后碳纤维填充复合材料力学性能有所提高,其拉伸强度为2.39 MPa.     

提高抗静电PET纤维导电性能的研究

采用自制的抗静电母粒与PET切片进行共混纺丝制备抗静电PET纤维,讨论了共混纺丝中添加金属粉末、金属卤化物、碳纳米管以及采用金属卤化物溶液处理抗静电PET纤维表面等对纤维抗静电性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明:加入添加剂,未能显著改善纤维的导电性能,其体积比电阻值变化不大,但镍粉对纤维的导电性能有一定的影响;用金属卤化物溶液对纤维进行表面处理,洗涤后纤维的体积比电阻值可达7.2×106Ω.cm;表面处理对导电纤维的力学性能影响不大。     

Improved surface characteristics and the conductivity of polyaniline–nylon 6 fabrics by plasma treatment

The effect of plasma treatment on the surface characteristics and conductivity of polyaniline–nylon 6 composite fabrics was investigated. Plasma surface modifications with oxygen, ammonia, and argon were performed on the nylon 6 fabrics to improve the adhesion and rate of polymerization. The surface morphology of the fiber was observed with scanning electron microscopy, and functional groups introduced onto the surface of nylon 6 fibers by various plasma treatments were characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. With oxygen plasma treatment, the fiber surface was effectively etched; polar groups such as ? OH and ? OOH were introduced onto the surface of nylon 6 fiber, and they increased surface activity, promoted oxidation polymerization, and resulted in higher add‐on and electrical conductivity. However, the introduced amine and amide groups with ammonia treatment caused a reduction in conductivity. Argon did not significantly alter the surface characteristics of the nylon 6 fibers. In addition, to control fabric conductivity and cover as wide a range of conductivity as possible, we observed the effects of the monomer concentration and number of deposits on the fabric conductivity. The results showed that fabric conductivity increased as the monomer concentration increased up to 0.5M and then leveled off, and further increases were achieved with an increase in the number of multiple deposits. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 81: 684–694, 2001     

聚酯纤维及其织物的抗静电处理工艺

聚酯纤维疏水性强,容易产生静电,有必要对其进行改性.对目前市场上聚酯纤维的抗静电处理工艺进行了归纳分析、主要评述了几种抗静电处理工艺及其处理效果和优缺点.经过比较发现:提高聚酯本体导电性的方法可使材料保持较好的抗静电耐久性;提高聚酯材料表面电导率的方法易于处理,但一般持久性较差,易受到污染等不利影响而失效.     

碳纤维和钢渣水泥基复合材料导电性及损伤识别研究

在水泥基复合材料中参入碳纤维和钢渣,以研究复合水泥基材的导电性能,结果表明,碳纤维能够显著改善水泥基材的导电性,碳纤维体积率为1.2%时,其导电性能最佳,且碳纤维对试件导电稳定性有显著影响;在碳纤维水泥基材中参入钢渣并不会显著影响试件导电性,会显著影响导电稳定性;抗压和抗折试验结果表明利用导电性判断构件是否损伤(开裂)及损伤程度在试验上是可行的。