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1.
K Ohta M Nishi M Ueda S Ohyama T Matsubara T Takahashi T Nakajima 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,99(9):589-594
Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients. 相似文献
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TA Solokhina LS Shevchenko IuV Se?ku EG Rytik LV Besedina TS Veshchugina 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,98(6):42-46
Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined. 相似文献
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针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。 相似文献
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通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。 相似文献
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A Dragni? 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1977,24(2):167-175
In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results. 相似文献
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G Steinbach 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,110(7-8):247-250
Totally negative results of epidemiological investigation of random samples do not prove the absence of the infection as the pathogen may be restricted to only a few animals in the herd for a long time. The statement "absence of infection" is critical for such situations. The question is raised, whether the statement "absence of infection" should be generally avoided. Classification of herds and flocks according to the prevalence of the pathogen would be more valid for the implementation of control measures. 相似文献
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AV Trikulenko 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,61(7):1204-1208
The values of free energies for the formation of hydrophobic cores with different degree of packing of nonpolar side chains have been calculated. It has been shown that the difference between the values of free energy for tightly packed cores inaccessible to water solvent molecules and the values of free energies for less tightly packed hydrophobic cores whose surface is in contact with the water solvent, is 50-60 kJ/mol and coincides with the value of the enzyme free energy change during its interaction with the substrate. 相似文献
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Z. G. Salikhov M. R. Shapirovskii P. V. Volgin 《Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals》2008,49(1):64-68
Construction of an automated control system over the process of decomposition of nickel tetracarbonyl is considered. Confidence intervals of the obtained first-order and second-order models are analyzed. A model is described that allows one to compensate for the influence of perturbing factors and mutual influence of control effects on neighboring regions. Based on the algorithm presented, it is possible to construct an adaptive system of automated control over the process of decomposition of nickel tetracarbonyl. 相似文献
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The characteristic features of the genetics of myotonic dystrophy (MD) in the Bulgarian population were studied. Seventy-nine pedigrees were analyzed, comprising a total of 119 patients with MD. The following characteristic features of the MD genetics were revealed: (1) Different families exhibited different patterns of the disease transmission, including vertical (as in the autosomal dominant mode of inheritance), horizontal (as in the autosomal recessive mode of inheritance), and mixed (the horizontal transmission for the first generations and the vertical transmission for the subsequent ones); (2) All studied pedigrees were traced back to clinically healthy ancestors; (3) The symptoms of MD exhibited in anticipation, as well as a clinical heterogeneity in sibships with respect to the severity of the disease. The characteristic features of the revealed mode of inheritance may be explained by dynamic mutations. 相似文献
11.
A Duquette S Kérouac BK Sandhu P Saulnier L Lachance 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,22(2):257-278
The purpose of this study was to verify a model of relationships between psychosocial factors and health for 8066 francophone nurses working in geriatric care in Québec. A random sample of 1990 subjects was drawn and a participation rate of 77.9% and 55% was obtained for the two-time study taken twelve months apart. Based on the theory of Maddi and Kobasa (1984), the model was reproduced for the two-time periods with the aid of structural equations. The analyses showed that three variables exert a direct influence on psychological distress: professional burnout, occupational stressors and hardiness. Also, variables have a direct effect on burnout: listed in order of importance, these are hardiness, occupational stressors, work support, active strategies of coping and employment status. In dealing with the work stressors, the nurses who are hardy make use of active strategies of coping and look for support form their colleagues. The results of the study help to better understand the psychological and social resources that best favor adaptation of working women in highly demanding work environments. The fallout of the study converges towards the quality of life of helping professionals and towards the cost and quality of health and social services. 相似文献
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V. A. Glushchenkov F. V. Grechnikov D. G. Chernikov A. A. Lazareva 《Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals》2012,53(1):20-25
A method for making electrocontact plugs (ECPs) in anodes for aluminium and magnesium electrolyzers using the pulsed magnetic
field (PMF) action on the metal melt was proposed. Different variants of plug construction are presented. Technology for making
ECPs under laboratory conditions was developed. IFU brand coal-coke material was used in the experiments as an anode material;
a casting aluminium alloy of an Al-Si system was used for ECPs. The results of experimental investigations are given and an
assessment of the quality of the electric contact was carried out. It was found that the contact resistance of the contact
produced under the action of the PMF is much lower than when conventionally pouring the melt. The reduction of this factor
depends on the fact that the melt fills the pores and microirregularities of the carbon block of the anode under the pressure
of the PMF, which results in an increase in the physical area of the contact. 相似文献
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M. A. Turchanin A. R. Abdulov P. G. Agraval L. A. Dreval’ 《Russian Metallurgy (Metally)》2008,(5):370-376
The enthalpy of mixing of Fe-Ti melts is studied by high-temperature isoperibolic calorimetry at 1873 K. The experimental data on the thermodynamic functions of mixing in the melts of the system under study are used to calculate the parameters of the ideal associated solution model. This model is employed to simulate the temperature-concentration dependences of liquid Fe-Ti alloys and to find the features of change in their thermodynamic properties. 相似文献
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The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies. 相似文献
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介绍了锅炉排污余热利用节能工作的实践。将锅炉排污热水收集到水箱,用热水泵送入热网采暖用补给水箱,或直接送入采暖管道中用于采暖系统,使锅炉排污水得到充分利用,既节水又节能。 相似文献
18.
显微维氏硬度测量不确定度评定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对显微维氏硬度测量不确定度进行评定,建立了不确定度计算的数学模型,确定了影响实验结果的各项因素,计算出了各因素的标准不确定度,得出结果的扩展不确定度,并给出最终测量结果的表达式。 相似文献
19.
V. I. Lavrent'ev 《Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics》1990,29(11):934-937
Conclusions At 723 K, which obviously is the melting point of the oxide B2O3, the mechanism of growth of the oxide on BF changes. Below 723 K the activation energy of growth of oxide is equal to 1.0; above 723 K it is equal to 1.7 eV.The suggested method of investigating the oxidation of solids is based on the measurement of the normalized dynamic modulus of elasticity of the specimen in the process of oxidation. This method can be used for studying oxidation from the surface, not only of cylindrical specimens but also of specimens with other cross-sectional profile. It is also applicable in the investigation of intracrystalline corrosion because expression (9), determining the thickness of the oxide film, was obtained on the basis of the ratio of the volume fractions of the phases coexisting in the specimen, independently of the place in the specimen at which the new phase grows and what profile it has. Formula (9) describes some effective thickness of the phase which would grow from the surface if the specimen had cylindrical shape. The change of the effective thickness of the phase in annealing in dependence on time makes it possible to determine the true kinetic parameters of the process because this change corresponds to the change of the volume fraction of the growing phase.Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 11, pp. 91–95, November, 1990. 相似文献
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Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献