活性离子水提取艾叶挥发油的研究

河南产艾叶经过新鲜活性离子水浸提水蒸气蒸馏获得挥发油，产油率为0．70％，较直接水蒸气蒸馏提高0．1%以上．采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪结合标准图谱和文献分析其化学组分，酸性和碱性离子水浸提的挥发油共检出47个成分，鉴定43个成分，其中有9个成分是采用直接水蒸气蒸馏获得样品中所没有的成分，如环氧石竹烯、反-索布瑞醇、茉莉酮酸酯等，有些具有一定的研究开发价值。     

艾叶挥发油提取实验及分析

采用异丙醇抽提结合水蒸气蒸馏技术提取艾叶中的挥发性组分,经气相色谱-质谱联机分析,结果表明:采用该提取工艺获得了丁酸、邻-二甲苯、正丁醚、反式-1-丁氧基-1-丁烯、丁酸-1-甲丙酯等新的挥发油组分。实验表明,该研究提出的方法能很好地提取艾叶中挥发性组分。     

超声波辐射-异丙醇抽提提取艾叶挥发油

本文采用异丙醇抽提结合水蒸气蒸馏技术提取艾叶中的挥发性组分,经气相色谱-质谱联机分析结果表明：采用该提取工艺获得了丁酸、邻-二甲苯、正丁醚、反式-1-丁氧基-1-丁烯、丁酸-1-甲丙酯等新的挥发油组分。     

长春七根部挥发油的测定及抑菌活性研究

研究了长春七根部挥发油的提取方法,结合该部位的抑菌活性测试,提高挥发油的综合利用价值. 采用挥发器测定和索式抽提两种方法和不同溶剂分别对长春七根部进行挥发油的提取,通过GC-MS联用技术测定分析有效成分,并进行比对,同时测试了其对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性. 结果表明,两种方法的提取率和提取成分的种类与含量存在差异. 抑菌活性测试表明长春七根部挥发油对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均能产生明显的抑制作用. 两种方法可以互补地用于长春七根部中的有效成分的提取,结合挥发油的抑菌活性,进一步明确了该部位的应用前景.     

薄荷不同部位挥发油成分比较研究

研究武汉地区野生薄荷根茎叶挥发油的成分及含量。用水蒸气蒸馏法(SD)分别提取薄荷不同部位的挥发油,然后用气相色谱-质谱法分析薄荷不同部位挥发油的化学成分。结果表明:叶片挥发油出油率是0.45%,茎挥发油出油率是0.2%,根挥发油出油率是0.02%。用气相色谱-质谱法分析三种不同部位挥发油,共鉴定出43种化合物,叶和茎挥发油主要成分是薄荷醇,根挥发油的主要成分是二十四烷。用薄荷不同部位提取的挥发油含量和成分有较大差别。为获得较高产率的薄荷醇成分,以薄荷叶获取挥发油为最佳原料。     

独活挥发油成分的快速GC-MS分析

采用气流吹扫微注射器萃取法（GP-MSE）和水蒸气蒸馏法（SD）萃取独活中的挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对挥发油化学成分进行分离、检测和定性分析,并对两种萃取方法进行了比较.结果显示：气流吹扫微注射器萃取法获得106种成分,已定性的有78种,占总组分含量的91.42%,其中主要成分为含氧杂环化合物（63.58%）...     

野菊菊米和野菊花挥发油化学成分的比较研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取云南产野菊菊米和野菊花挥发油，用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对其化学成分进行分离鉴定，并用面积归一化法测定了相对含量．鉴定出野菊菊米主要化学成分50种，占总化合物的95．00％；野菊花主要化学成分42种，占总化合物的90．95％．野菊菊米和野菊花挥发油的主要成分为单萜烯类、倍半萜烯类及其含氧衍生物等，但其化学成分种类和含量有明显的差别．     

当归挥发油提取工艺的研究

用浸提－减压蒸馏工艺，从当归中提取挥发油，确定适宜工艺条件为：浸提温55℃，浸提时间6h，料液比1：12，挥发油提取率可达（0.54-0.64)％。     

运用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）联用法对牛至挥发油化学成分的分析

牛至挥发油因具有镇痛、抗菌、抗病毒等作用，在临床上用于预防流感、治疗黄疽等疾病,采用超临界CO2技术萃取牛至挥发油，并用GC-MS分析其化学组成，共确定46组分，占总含量的90．347％，其中包括酸、酯、烯、酚、炔、醇等多种化合物，含量最多有麝香草酚（14．109％）和1-甲基-2-异丙基-苯（14．610％）．     

河北紫花苜蓿挥发油成分的GC-MS分析

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取河北产9月份收割的紫花苜蓿干燥全草中的挥发油成分,并通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC-MS）对其进行分析。利用GC-MS分离出152种成分,并鉴定了其中43种化合物,占挥发性物质的73.3%（质量分数,下同）,其中最多的是酸类化合物,占40.17%。该紫花苜蓿挥发油主要成分是十六烷酸（32.1%）、六氢金合欢基丙酮（8.83%）、植物醇（4.51%）,还有5,6,7,7-α-四氢-4,4,7-α-三甲基-2-（4 H）苯基呋喃（3.21%）、邻苯二甲酸二异丁基酯（2.94%）。通过与其他产地、不同收割期、不同处理方式的苜蓿挥发油成分进行比较,发现产地、收割期、处理方式不同的紫花苜蓿中挥发油成分差别显著,为进一步研究和利用苜蓿资源等提供借鉴作用。     

微波辅助提取柑橘皮中的挥发油

采用微波辅助提取柑橘皮中挥发油,其最佳提取条件为：30g柑橘皮粉末浸在60mL无水乙醇中,微波功率为300W,微波辐射时间为150s。采用溴加成法对挥发油进行定量分析,经测定挥发油的含量为2．77％。实验表明．微波法具有提取率较高、时间短、成本低和污染少等优点。     

Determination of constituents of essential oil from Angelica sinensis by gas chromatographymass spectrometry

1INTRODUCTION TraditionalChinesemedicines(TCMs)are veryimportantduetotheirextensiveuseinpre ventingandcuringmanydiseasesforhumans.Al thoughonlysomecompoundsmightberesponsible forpharmaceuticaleffects,traditionalChinese medicinesusuallycontaintoomanycomponentsandformaverycomplexsystem,whichmakesthe screeningandanalysisofbioactivecomponentsex tremelydifficult[1]comparedwiththoseofwesternmedicines.Whensuchcomplexsamplesareana lyzed,itiscommonthatdifferentcontentsof multi componentsandgreatd…     

锰矿尾砂去除水中阳离子染料的实验研究

以锰矿尾砂为吸附剂，研究了其对阳离子染料的吸附性能，实验表明锰矿尾砂对所研究的几种阳离子染料均有一定的吸附能力，但吸附性能相差较大，吸附规律符合Langmuir等温吸附方程和Freundlich等温吸附方程。     

Adsorption of oil from waste water by coal:characteristics and mechanism

The work described here was focused on exploring the potential application of coal to purification of oily waste water.Coal was added to oily waste water as an adsorbent and then removed through a flotation process.This allowed economical and highly efficient separation of oil from the waste water.The absorption time,coal type,coal particle size distribution,pH value and oil concentration were investigated.The results indicate that oil absorption by a coal increases for a period of 1.5 h and then gradually tends toward an equilibrium value.It appears that the absorption capacity of anthracite is more than that of lean coal or lignite,given the same coal particle size distribution.The absorption capacity of a coarse coal fraction is less than that of finer coal,given the same of coal type.The absorption capacity of anthracite decreases slightly as the pH increases from 4 to 9.The adsorption of oil on anthracite follows the Freundlich isothermal adsorption law:given initial oil concentrations of 160.5 or 1023.6 mg/L the absorption capacity was 23.8 or 840.0 mg/g.The absorption mechanism consists of two kinds of absorption,a physical process assisted by a chemical one.     

Adsorption of oil from waste water by coal: characteristics and mechanism

The work described here was focused on exploring the potential application of coal to purification of oily waste water.Coal was added to oily waste water as an adsorbent and then removed through a flotation process.This allowed economical and highly efficient separation of oil from the waste water.The absorption time,coal type,coal particle size distribution,pH value and oil concentration were investigated.The results indicate that oil absorption by a coal increases for a period of 1.5 h and then gradually tends toward an equilibrium value.It appears that the absorption capacity of anthracite is more than that of lean coal or lignite,given the same coal particle size distribution.The absorption capacity of a coarse coal fraction is less than that of finer coal,given the same of coal type.The absorption capacity of anthracite decreases slightly as the pH increases from 4 to 9.The adsorption of oil on anthracite follows the Freundlich isothermal adsorption law: given initial oil concentrations of 160.5 or 1023.6 mg/L the absorption capacity was 23.8 or 840.0 mg/g.The absorption mechanism consists of two kinds of absorption,a physical process assisted by a chemical one.     

Human plasma protein binding of water soluble flavonoids extracted from citrus peels

The human plasma protein binding of water soluble flavonoids in the peels of five spices of citrus fruits was studied by ultrafiltration combined with HPLC.The flavonoids were extracted separately by hot and cold water,and higher total flavonoid contents were detected in the former extracts than the latter ones.All the extracts show significant scavenging abilities to both ABTS and DPPH free radicals,which indicates the health benefits of the water extracts of citrus fruits peels.For DPPH radical,the IC50values of hot extract follow as Navel orange（NO）≈Mandarin orange（MO） Lemon（LE） Lo tangerine（LO） Pomelo（PO）,while the rank is NO POLE≈MOLO for ABTS radical.The HPLC results reveal that the kinds and contents of the flavonoids detected in the extracts are different among the species.MO extract has the most neohesperidin dihydrochalcone of 118.76 μmol/L and quercetrin of 211.81 μmol/L of which are much more than the rest extracts.Pomelo extract has the most plentiful flavonoids of naringin with a concentration of 303.28 μmol/L.The high contents of myricetrin and dihydromyricetin which both are potent free radical scavengers may explain the highest free radical scavenging activity of the NO extract.The plasma binding rates decrease with the increasing concentrations of flavonoids,and the flavonoids having plenty hydroxyl groups on both A ring and B ring of the molecular skeleton have relative higher plasma binding rates.In addition,the plasma binding rates of flavonoids with saturated C3-C4 bond decrease significantly with the increasing concentrations.     

小叶榕叶脂溶性成分的GC-MS分析

利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对小叶榕叶的脂溶性成分进行了分析.气相色谱从小叶榕叶的油状物中共分离出56种成分,其质谱谱图经Xcalibur工作站检索并与NIST标准质谱谱图库进行对照,鉴定了其中的13种化学成分,主要成分是直链烷烃和酯类成分.