蒸发式冷凝空调的性能强化及应用研究

提出了蒸发式冷凝器用于集中空调系统的方法,分析了3种蒸发式冷凝空调的特点.实验结果表明,扭曲管相对于圆管和椭圆管,可平均分别提升机组制冷量4.2%～5.3%和2.4%～3.0%,减少压缩机功耗14.1%～16.0%和6.5%～9.8%;在实际应用中,地区气候差异的影响不超过10%,蒸发式冷凝空调可比其他冷凝式空调体积减小20%以上,节能25%以上.     

太阳能双效吸收式空调的效益和经济性分析

提出了太阳能双效溴化锂吸收式制冷和压缩式制冷系统在夏季联合运行的方案,利用槽式太阳能集热器集热驱动双效溴化锂吸收式机组,承担夏季空调的尖峰负荷,减少空调的能耗与高峰用电负荷。通过测试槽式太阳能集热器效率的变化曲线,根据测试数据利用TRNSYS软件建立太阳能吸收式制冷与压缩式制冷联合运行模型,进行夏季运行工况模拟,获得联合运行系统的能耗数据。研究结果表明,太阳能吸收式系统承担的负荷比例越小、设计集热面积的辐照度越大,联合运行系统的投资回收期越短,费用年值越低。     

太阳能喷射辅助压缩式空调制冷系统模型及性能分析

针对太阳能喷射辅助压缩式空调制冷系统建立了数学模型,并对其在北京地区的应用工况进行了模拟计算。基于模拟结果,对太阳能喷射辅助压缩式空调制冷系统进行了系统性能及其运行特性分析,并提出综合机械性能系数的评价指标。与传统采用压缩机的压缩式制冷系统相比,太阳能喷射辅助压缩式空调制冷系统可节省电能约10%。太阳能喷射辅助压缩式空调制冷系统的性能和运行特性受太阳能辐射强度、室外空气温度、蓄热水箱体积等参数综合的影响较大,需要根据使用环境的不同进一步优化。     

太阳能吸收式空调系统的能耗与节能临界条件

采用等效电的概念,计算了典型条件下太阳能空调系统的等效电耗,并与常规的压缩式制冷系统的能耗进行了对比,得出了不同太阳能保证率下太阳能空调系统比常规压缩式制冷系统节能的临界条件。     

热管式机房空调性能实验研究

介绍了热管式机房空调机组的工作原理和技术特征,并做了性能实验,得出结论:在室内外温差达到5℃以上时,机组即可投入运行,承担部分或者全部机房制冷负荷,能效比高;当室内外温差为5～24℃时,机组能效比达3.63～10.64,换热温度效率达65.6%～44.0%。冬季可以代替蒸气压缩式机房空调制冷,节能效果显著。     

回收数据中心冷凝热用于北方地区供暖的效果分析

一方面,我国北方地区冬季的供暖能耗巨大,另一方面,近年来数据中心的数量和规模快速增长,其空调系统的冷凝热通常直接排放到大气中。采用逐时稳态模型,分析了热虹吸/蒸气压缩复合空调系统回收数据中心排热用于我国北方地区典型城市居住建筑的供暖效果。结果表明:每回收1 000m~2常规数据中心的冷凝热可为哈尔滨1.3万m~2、北京1.6万m~2的居住建筑供暖;如果能够提供10%的辅助供暖热量,其供暖面积将增大60%以上,且系统的投资回收期短于2a。     

以风力驱动的热泵空调系统

本文介绍了风力制热以及风力驱动的压缩式、吸收式与机动车热泵空调系统,重点分析了风力制热,以风电、蓄电池和市电并联共同驱动的压缩式热泵空调装置和风力驱动的吸收式制冷(热泵)机组,分析了风力热泵的节能环保性能。     

地板辐射供冷和置换通风复合空调系统研究

利用CFD软件对地板辐射+置换通风(RF+DV)复合空调系统进行了数值模拟。研究结果表明:复合空调系统可以满足夏季人体热舒适要求。当新风相对湿度为58.7%～65.5%时,冷辐射地板附近露点温度可控制在13～14℃之间,低于地板表面温度19℃,可以避免结露的发生。     

太阳能吸收——蒸汽压缩式空调系统的优化分析

通过对太阳能混合式吸收-蒸汽压缩式空调系统中能量转换过程的分析，建立了表征太阳能混合式吸收-范汽压缩式空调系统热性能特性的方程，指出了系统综合性能系数与系统内部不可逆系数以及太阳辐射参数之间的线性关系，并分析了各参数值对最优综合性能系数的影响。     

蒸发冷却与溶液除湿复合空调系统的应用

根据长江流域高温高湿的气候条件,构建了两级蒸发冷却与溶液除湿相结合的复合空调系统。介绍了复合空调系统的流程,根据该地区的气候条件和相关的空调设计参数,比较了复合空调系统与一次回风空调系统的能耗。在设计工况下,复合空调系统的能效比为2.6,相比于一次回风空调系统的节能率为47.2%。     

液体除湿空调系统除湿剂再生性能影响因素

液体除湿空调系统中,除湿剂再生过程的效率和稳定性决定空调系统运行效率和稳定性.探讨了液气比、除湿剂喷淋温度、除湿剂的溶质质量分数及再生空气状态对除湿剂再生性能的影响.     

Energy savings potential of a desiccant assisted hybrid air source heat pump system for residential building in hot summer and cold winter zone in China

In hot summer and cold winter zone in China, air conditioning system has four running modes yearly including cooling with dehumidification, cooling, dehumidification and heating in residential buildings. The conventional air source heat pump (ASHP) system is not designed to independently control temperature and humidity, and is not very suitable for the dehumidification mode in the view of building energy consumption. A novel ASHP system combining radiant cooling/heating for residential buildings was presented. The main feature of this hybrid ASHP system is that desiccant wheel and cooling coil accomplish dehumidification process together, and the regenerative heat needed by the desiccant wheel is supplied by the condenser dissipated heat. Based on simulation studies and performance analysis, this paper predicts the primary energy consumption of the hybrid ASHP system in comparison with the conventional ASHP system during the cooling and heating seasons. It was found that primary energy requirement can be reduced by more than 8% in cooling with dehumidification mode, by 50% in dehumidification mode, and by more than 14% in heating mode. The study results prove that the hybrid ASHP system can keep great energy saving and running cost saving yearly, especially in the dehumidification process.     

溶液除湿空调在高温高湿地区的应用研究

设计了一种新型的溶液除湿装置。综合利用太阳能、天然水源、热回收和溶液除湿技术,对新风进行分阶段除湿,同时,利用太阳能和室内排风对溶液进行再生,克服了传统溶液除湿空调技术在高温高湿地区应用过程中的局限性。结果表明,与传统溶液除湿方案相比,该系统的溶液循环量减小,运行能耗降低,对太阳能的依赖程度降低,溶液的吸湿效率和再生效率提高。     

Condenser heat recovery with a PV/T air heating collector to regenerate desiccant for reducing energy use of an air conditioning room

This paper presents an experimental test along with procedures to investigate the validity of a developed simulation model in predicting the dynamic performance of a condenser heat recovery with a photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) air heating collector to regenerate desiccant for reducing energy use of an air conditioning room under the prevailing meteorological conditions in tropical climates. The system consists of five main parts; namely, living space, desiccant dehumidification and regeneration unit, air conditioning system, PV/T collector, and air mixing unit. The comparisons between the experimental results and the simulated results using the same meteorological data of the experiment show that the prediction results simulated by the model agree satisfactorily with those observed from the experiments. The thermal energy generated by the system can produce warm dry air as high as 53 °C and 23% relative humidity. Additionally, electricity of about 6% of the daily total solar radiation can be obtained from the PV/T collector in the system. Moreover, the use of a hybrid PV/T air heater, incorporated with the heat recovered from the condenser to regenerate the desiccant for dehumidification, can save the energy use of the air conditioning system by approximately 18%.     

溶液除湿空调系统在工业厂房应用的能耗分析

通过对深圳某工业厂房分别选用常规冷凝除湿空调系统和溶液除湿空调系统进行系统设计和理论计算分析,比较了两类空调系统的能耗及COP。在夏季室外设计工况下,常规冷凝除湿空调系统的COP为2.94,溶液除湿空调系统的COP为5.42。室外空气含湿量越小,对提高溶液除湿系统的性能越有利。溶液除湿空调系统在节能方面具有较大的优势。     

夏热冬暖地区太阳能溶液除湿空调的应用分析

本文介绍了太阳能溶液除湿空调系统的形式及其工作原理,并将该系统运用到广州某一小型办公楼上,利用DesT软件,进行了逐时模拟计算。计算结果表明：在不考虑传统空调的再热量,忽略其他传热损失下,溶液除湿空调系统用电量仅为传统空调系统的40％;由于通过溶液的蓄能来充分利用太阳能,使得燃气加热器的供热量仅为再生热负荷的13．4％;在广州地区的电、燃气价格下,太阳能溶液除湿空调系统的运行费用仅为传统空调系统的49．03％。     

某高压电机装配车间环境控制的实测分析与研究

通过对某高压电机装配车间进行实测,研究了空调风量对恒温恒湿车间工作区空气温湿度均匀性的影响;并与对空调冷负荷的分析相结合,进一步明确影响室内空气湿度最重要的因素是新风,影响室内空气温度最重要的因素是厂房内的工艺设备的散热量;根据高压电机生产车间的低湿环境要求,综合考虑技术性和经济性,对空调湿负荷的处理方式进行了优化研究,提出冷却除湿+转轮除湿复合除湿系统是能够达到此要求的最优化方法.     

转轮除湿与冷却除湿相结合的复合式除湿工艺空调系统

介绍一个转轮除湿与冷却除湿相结合的复合式除湿工艺空调系统，分析比较氯化钙、乙二醇冷冻水载冷剂在同一温度之间及同一载冷剂在不同温度下的换热系数差异，分析该工艺空调系统不能正常运行的原因，并提出改进措施。     

溶液调湿技术在既有建筑空调系统改造中的应用

针对既有建筑空调系统改造中存在的问题,提出采用溶液调湿空调系统的改造方案,以达到降低改造难度,保证改造后空调系统节能、舒适的目的.以某大型三甲医院综合服务楼为例,对其空调效果不佳的现象进行了测试分析,对溶液调湿空调改造方案和传统改造方案进行了分析比较,指出了溶液调湿空调在既有建筑改造中应用的可行性和优势.     

Experiences with a gas driven,desiccant assisted air conditioning system with geothermal energy for an office building

Thermal driven desiccant assisted air conditioning systems make use of waste heat to dehumidify humid outside air in a desiccant wheel. Within the scope of a research project, an investigation of a desiccant assisted air conditioning system was carried out, and a demonstration plant was built in an office building in Hamburg, Germany. The HVAC system consists of a small CHP-plant, a desiccant assisted ventilation system and an earth energy system (borehole heat exchangers) for cooling instead of an electric driven compression chiller. The radiant floor heating system of the building is used for cooling. In this paper, measurement results and investigations of performance, energy demand and operating costs will be presented. It was found that considerable primary energy savings can be achieved (70%) using desiccant air conditioning with borehole heat exchangers. But even if electric chiller is used, savings of 30% in primary energy can be accomplished. Starting costs for the demonstration plant were not higher than for a conventional system, but running costs could be reduced drastically.