共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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简要介绍了超临界二氧化碳的性质及其在聚合物科学中的应用优势,结合目前国内外超临界流体技术在聚合物加工中应用的最新进展,重点介绍了超临界流体技术在聚合物结晶,发泡聚合物的制备,共混聚合物的加工和共混聚合物膜的相分离中的应用。 相似文献
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超临界流体技术在聚合物中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
介绍了超临界流体技术在聚合物中的应用,结合目前国内外超临界流体技术在聚合物加工中的最新进展,重点介绍了超临界流体在聚合物解聚、聚合物纯化、聚合物合成和聚合物发泡材料中的应用。 相似文献
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超临界流体在聚合物中的应用现状及发展前景 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
简要介绍了超临界流体的性质,重点介绍了超临界流体在聚合物合成,废旧塑料回收,聚合物纯化,聚合物加工方面的应用,概括了国内外超临界流体在聚合物应用的最新发展状况,最后对其进行了展望并提出建议。 相似文献
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VirginiaTech化学工程教授DonBaird正在开发一种用超临界CO2替代在丙烯酸类聚合物中所使用的有毒溶剂的工艺。用CO2替代溶剂可以明显地降低生产丙烯酸聚合物的成本,而且可以减少回收及处理溶剂的代价。他还指出,CO2是一种无毒、阻燃、化学惰性、完全可回收和廉价的产品。工艺的关键是设计出一个铅室,可以将气体从临界状态降至普通大气压状态,以防止聚合物发泡和研究出一种能使CO2与丙烯酸类聚合物在生产中迅速反应的方法。(译自ChemicalEngineeringProgress,2002,98,(3):19)超临界CO_2可以减少在聚合物加工… 相似文献
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超临界流体因兼具液体和气体特性而倍受关注。主要介绍二氧化碳、甲醇、水等超临界流体在高分子聚合物改性、废旧塑料/橡胶回收、纤维素水解及其他方面的应用,并展望了超临界流体在高分子材料领域的应用前景。 相似文献
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超临界流体技术及其在生物工程中的应用 总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23
介绍了在生物工程有着广泛的应用前景的多种超临界流体技术,包括提取生物活性物质的超临界流体萃取,超临界条件二氧化碳中制备手性药物制备和淀粉水解制取葡萄糖的非水酶催化反应,超临界水条件下纤维素水解制备葡萄糖,超临界流体中的细胞破碎,制备缓释药物和色说载体的超临界流体溶液快速膨胀和气体抗溶剂结晶和沉淀技术。 相似文献
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For technical applications, those reactions in supercritical fluids are of particular interest which have significant advantages over conventional methods or which are impossible in classical solvents or in the gas phase. This last part of the trilogy deals with heterogeneously catalyzed reactions in supercritical fluids other than carbon dioxide or water. 相似文献
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超临界流体沉析制备微细颗粒的技术及其应用 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:11
快速膨胀超临界流体溶液(RESS)过程和以超临界流体为稀释膨胀剂(GAS)过程是制备微细颗粒的新技术。本文着重分析了用RESS和GAS过程制备微细颗粒的特点及影响因素,介绍了在高分子聚合物、无机盐、陶瓷材料、有机物、药物及含能材料方面的应用,提出超临界流体沉淀技术将成为制备特殊细颗粒材料、超薄膜及提纯热敏性、易氧化物质的有效手段。 相似文献
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John R. Kershaw 《Fuel Processing Technology》1984,9(3):235-250
A supercritical gas extract of an Australian bituminous coal was separated into oil, asphaltene and pre-asphaltene. The oil was further separated by chromatography into three fractions. Average structure data for each fraction are reported based on NMR spectroscopy combined with elemental, molecular weight and functional group analyses. Unsubstituted alkyl chains (> C8) were found in every fraction of the extract. The presence of n-alkanes, 1-alkenes and phenyl-n-alkanes were shown. The supercritical gas extract was compared with a flash pyrolysis tar and with hydrogenation liquids from the same coal. The supercritical gas extract and the flash pyrolysis tar had a similar distribution between oil, asphaltene and pre-asphaltene, but the oil, asphaltene and pre-asphaltene from the supercritical gas extract were less aromatic and contained fewer heteroatoms than these fractions from the flash pyrolysis tar. The supercritical gas extract has a higher H/C atomic ratio, higher heteroatom content and a higher percentage of carbon in long unsubstituted alkyl chains than hydrogenation liquids produced at 400°C and 450 °C. The oil/asphaltene ratio and the aromaticity of the oil and asphaltene from the supercritical gas extract were intermediate between those obtained for the two hydrogenation liquids. 相似文献
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Reza M. Malek Abbaslou Jafar S. Soltan Mohammadzadeh Ajay K. Dalai 《Fuel Processing Technology》2009,90(7-8):849-856
A detailed review of the recent works regarding applications of supercritical media in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is presented. Differences in activity, CH4 and CO2 selectivity, hydrocarbon and olefin distributions, catalyst stability and heat transfer between supercritical Fischer–Tropsch syntheses (SC-FTS) and conventional gas phase Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (GP-FTS) are compared. The effects of temperature, pressure, solvent type, supercritical media/syngas molar ratio on SC-FTS are discussed. Finally selective production of wax via SC-FTS is briefly presented. Experimental analyses reveal that unique properties of supercritical media can improve FTS catalyst activity and selectivity in SC-FTS due to higher heat and mass transfer rates in comparison to GP-FTS. 相似文献