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本文围绕聚丙烯腈基碳纤维,沥青基碳纤维和粘胶基碳纤维三大品种,概述了碳纤维的发展概况,介绍了目前碳纤维的生产工艺过程,论述了碳纤维的基本性质春主要应用状况,最后对碳纤维的当今研究开发热点及今后发展动向进行了讨论。 相似文献
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正工业化生产碳纤维按原料路线可分为聚丙烯腈(PAN)基碳纤维、沥青基碳纤维和粘胶基碳纤维三大类,其中由聚丙烯腈纤维原丝制得的高性能碳纤维,生产工艺较其他方法简单,产量约占全球碳纤维总产量的90%以上。 相似文献
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HERCULES公司浆纸部推出一种新的薄页纸软化剂ProsoftTQ 有效改善纸的松厚度和平滑度。该产品是一种阳离子表面活性剂 具有活性好易于泵送和配料 可根据纸页增强需要控制添加点和添加量等估点 在湿部化学和杨克式烘缸表面涂布控制中表现优异。…… 《国际造纸》2001,20(1):72-74
碳纤维纸 碳纤维纸是使用100%碳纤维或活性碳纤维及碳纤维或活性碳纤维与其它纤维混合抄造的纸。碳纤维自身之间不具有象植物纤维一样的互相交织和结合的性质,必须使用粘合剂。 1、碳纤维 碳纤维根据制造原料的不同分为聚丙烯氰类(以下称PAN类)、沥青类、粘胶类3种。另外,根据其最终处理温度的不同,又可分为碳纤维和石墨纤维。 碳纤维具有以下特征: (1)质轻,机械强度、弹性、抗拉伸和抗压缩都比较好; (2)几乎没有弹性(蠕变)疲劳; (3)耐冲击性低; 相似文献
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介绍了碳纤维、碳纤维纸及碳纤维复合材料的性能,用途及制造方法,着重探讨了碳纤维导电纸及作为质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的气体扩散层用高性能碳纤维纸的生产工艺。 相似文献
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本文了碳纤维的发展历程,介绍了聚丙烯晴基碳纤维,沥青基碳纤维和粘胶基碳的制造过程,阐述了碳纤维的基本性能和主要应用,讨论了碳纤维的发展动向,并指出应加速发展我国自己的碳纤维工业,以振兴纺织和促进纺织工业的发展。 相似文献
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Figueroa-González I Quijano G Ramírez G Cruz-Guerrero A 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2011,91(8):1341-1348
Owing to their health benefits, probiotics and prebiotics are nowadays widely used in yogurts and fermented milks, which are leader products of functional foods worldwide. The world market for functional foods has grown rapidly in the last three decades, with an estimated size in 2003 of ca US$ 33 billion, while the European market estimation exceeded US$ 2 billion in the same year. However, the production of probiotics and prebiotics at industrial scale faces several challenges, including the search for economical and abundant raw materials for prebiotic production, the low-cost production of probiotics and the improvement of probiotic viability after storage or during the manufacturing process of the functional food. In this review, functional foods based on probiotics and prebiotics are introduced as a key biotechnological field with tremendous potential for innovation. A concise state of the art addressing the fundamentals and challenges for the development of new probiotic- and prebiotic-based foods is presented, the niches for future research being clearly identified and discussed. 相似文献
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常用消毒灭菌法及其机理与应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
介绍了采用消毒灭菌方法,有加热消毒法,紫外线辐射法和化学药剂消毒法。常用化学药剂有醛类、含氯消毒剂、醇类消毒剂以及高锰酸钾、生石灰等,阐释了消毒与灭菌两个概念的区别。 相似文献
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Wim Verbeke Federico J.A. Pérez-Cueto Marcia D. de Barcellos Athanasios Krystallis Klaus G. Grunert 《Meat science》2010
This paper presents the combined mid-term findings of the consumer research components of two EU Sixth Framework Programme integrated projects concerning meat, ProSafeBeef and Q-PorkChains. The consumer pillar of ProSafeBeef carried out eight focus group discussions in May 2008, in France, Germany, Spain and the UK. Q-PorkChains conducted a large-scale, web-based, consumer survey in January 2008 in Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Greece and Poland. The first project provides a set of qualitative data from a small cohort of focus groups and the second a set of quantitative data from a larger consumer sample. This paper draws together the main findings of both projects and provides a comprehensive overview of European citizens’ and consumers’ attitudes towards and preferences regarding beef and pork. In general, consumers consider meat to be a healthy and important component of the diet. Consumers support the development of technologies that can improve the health attributes of meat products and guarantee eating quality, but they have a negative view of what they see to be excessive manipulation and lack of naturalness in the production and processing of beef products. In the Q-PorkChains study consumer and citizen segments are identified and profiled. Consumer segments were built upon the frequency and variety of pork consumption. The citizen segments were built upon their attitudes towards pig production systems. Overall, the relationship between individuals’ views as citizens and their behaviour as consumers was found to be quite weak and did not appear to greatly or systematically influence meat-buying habits. Future studies in both projects will concentrate on consumers’ acceptance of innovative meat product concepts and products, with the aim of boosting consumer trust and invigorating the European beef and pork industries. 相似文献
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果蔬可以提供营养, 有利于人类健康, 而果蔬的后熟及其与环境的相互作用会影响果蔬采后的质量和安全。对果蔬生物学过程的了解和掌握是减少果蔬采后损失和保障果蔬采后质量和安全的关键。在过去的10多年, 基于组学技术的系统生物学在了解果蔬后熟及其与环境相互作用的分子机制方面得到了越来越多的应用。本文对此做了细致的总结, 指出了存在的不足, 并提出了未来的发展方向。 相似文献
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研究建立了螺虫乙酯及其4种主要代谢物在猕猴桃及土壤中的残留分析方法。样品用乙腈提取后,经PSA净化,高效液相色谱质谱联用仪检测,外标法定量。结果表明:在0.01~2.00mg/kg的添加水平下,螺虫乙酯及代谢产物在猕猴桃和土壤中的回收率为73.97%~110.52%,相对标准偏差分别为1.96%~7.91%。采用所建方法,测定螺虫乙酯及代谢产物在猕猴桃和土壤中的残留及消解动态。螺虫乙酯被施用到猕猴桃和土壤中后均迅速降解为B-enol、B-keto。在猕猴桃中螺虫乙酯、B-enol呈逐渐降低的趋势,而B-keto和B-mono呈逐渐升高的趋势;在土壤中螺虫乙酯、B-enol、B-keto均呈逐渐降低趋势,B-mono和B-glu在样品中均没有检出。螺虫乙酯和B-enol在土壤中的降解速度(1.42 d、1.99 d)快于在猕猴桃上的降解速度(4.08 d和6.39 d)。以3000倍液稀释液喷施2次,28 d后,猕猴桃中螺虫乙酯母体的残留量为0.06 mg/kg,高于我国制定的0.02 mg/kg的最大残留限量值,在猕猴桃上的安全使用剂量还需要进一步研究。 相似文献