寇氏隐甲藻突变株发酵条件的响应面优化

为了得到寇氏隐甲藻突变株的最佳发酵条件.先通过单因素试验考察接种量、培养时间、培养温度、装液量、培养基初始pH值等因素对二十二碳六烯酸产量的影响,在此基础上选择接种量、培养基初始pH、装液量为主要影响因素,通过Box-Behnken设计,得到最优发酵条件为接种量9.2％,初始pH值为6.9,装液量为65 mL/500 mL时,DHA产量最大为5.81 g/L,优化后DHA的产量比优化前提高了13.28％.     

补料分批发酵对隐甲藻生长和积累DHA的影响

研究发酵方式对隐甲藻生长和积累DHA的影响,从而为工业化生产提供参考。对分批发酵初始葡萄糖浓度进行优化,得到最佳葡萄糖浓度为60 g/L。在此条件下培养9 d后DHA的产量为0.8 g/L。在分批发酵的研究基础上,在稳定期补加一次葡萄糖,每升培养基补加30 g,培养9 d后DHA产量达到1.27 g/L。如果每隔24 h补加1次葡萄糖使培养基中葡萄糖的浓度恢复到20 g/L,培养9d后DHA产量达到1.72 g/L。结果表明,在隐甲藻产DHA实验中补料分批发酵要优于分批发酵。     

植物乳杆菌LB-B1产细菌素发酵条件的优化

为提高分离自新疆传统发酵乳制品酸马奶中植物乳杆菌LB-B1产细菌素的能力,对其产细菌素的发酵条件进行了优化,分别研究了培养条件(时间、温度、培养基初始pH值)和培养基成分对细菌素产量的影响。通过单因素试验和正交试验,确定产植物乳杆菌LB-B1的最佳培养条件为37℃静置培养20h,培养基初始pH值为6~7;最佳培养基成分组合为葡萄糖30g/L、胰蛋白胨10g/L、牛肉膏10g/L、酵母粉5g/L、无水乙酸钠5g/L、柠檬酸铵2g/L、磷酸氢二钾2g/L、硫酸镁0.28g/L、硫酸锰0.25g/L、吐温-80 4mL/L。在优化发酵条件下,植物乳杆菌LB-B1产细菌素高达10240AU/mL,提高了3倍。     

二年残孔菌发酵条件优化研究

二年残孔菌摇瓶发酵较佳条件:最优培养基,葡萄糖38.08g/L,酵母浸粉8.54g/L,KH2PO4∶MgSO4=1∶1为4.25g/L,最优培养条件为温度30℃,500mL三角瓶装液量150mL,初始pH值为5,摇床转速180r/min,10％接种量的培养9d,达到最大产量15.5g.发酵罐使用培养基葡萄糖38.08 g/L,酵母浸粉8.54g/L,KH2PO4:MgSO4=1:1,初始pH值为5,装液量6L/10L,在温度30℃,搅拌速度380r/min,10％接种量的培养条件下,培养132h时达到大值15.8g/L.     

一株凝结芽孢杆菌产芽孢条件的研究

通过培养基组成正交试验及培养条件单因素试验,对一株凝结芽孢杆菌的产芽孢条件进行了优化,优化后的培养基组成(质量分数)为酵母粉3g/L,蛋白胨5g/L,牛肉膏2g/L,MnSO4 0.005g/L,NaCl2g/L,K2HPO4 3g/L,MgSO40.02g/L.最优的培养条件为温度40℃,初始pH值为7.0,转速210r/min,装液量为250mL的三角瓶装30mL,接种量为6%(v/v),发酵时间为48h.最终的芽孢数为9.1×100 cfu/mL.     

裂壶藻突变株培养条件对产DHA的影响研究

为了使裂壶藻(Schizochytrium limacinum)突变株能够高产DHA,需要对培养条件进行优化。首先通过单因素试验考察接种量、培养温度、装液量和培养基初始pH等因素对二十二碳六烯酸产量的影响,再运用L9(34)正交试验确定培养条件为:接种量6%,培养温度26℃,初始pH 6.5,装液量60 mL/500 mL。在此条件下,油脂产量为15.11 g/L,DHA产量为6.18 g/L。优化后的DHA产量比以前提高了10.92%。该优化结果在同类研究中处于相对较高水平,对于工业化生产提供了科学依据。     

纳豆芽孢杆菌发酵条件的优化

采用单因素及正交实验法对纳豆芽孢杆菌的摇瓶发酵培养基进行了优化,优化后的培养基为蔗糖15g/L、酵母浸出物2.5 g/L、胰蛋白胨2.5 g/L、氯化钠5 g/L,并通过单因素实验法确定了最佳培养条件为温度35 ℃、初始pH值8.接种量 3%、装液量20 mL/250 mL、发酵时间14 h.     

豆腐酸浆中白地霉发酵条件的探讨

从酸浆中分离筛选出白地霉FL44菌株,对该菌株产单细胞蛋白的发酵条件进行了初步研究,并对其发酵过程作了动态分析.结果表明:在优化的培养基组成(废糖蜜5%、(NH4)2HPO41%)和培养条件(培养基初始pH5.5,装量40mL/250mL摇瓶,摇瓶转速为220r/min,30℃培养48h)下,菌体生物量及蛋白产量分别为15.2g/L和7.42g/L.     

假单胞菌B41产果胶酶发酵条件的研究

对假单胞菌B41发酵产果胶酶培养基和发酵培养条件进行了优化。经单因素和正交试验得到最优发酵培养基组成为桔皮粉20．0g／L,蛋白胨10．0g／L,FeSO40．5g／L,初始pH值5．5。最佳发酵条件为装液量50mL,接种量2％,发酵温度30％,发酵时间32h。在此优化条件下,果胶酶活力为739U／mL。     

产腈水合酶菌株的驯化选育及其产酶条件的优化

以Rhodococcussp YL 1为出发菌株 ,通过逐渐增加培养基中丙烯腈的浓度重复继代培养 ,得到 1株酶活为 79 8U/mg的腈水合酶高活力菌株YL 2 ,酶活比出发菌株YL 1提高了 87%。对菌株YL 2的产酶条件进行了优化。结果表明 ,葡萄糖、诱导剂脲、Co2 + 及pH是影响腈水合酶高效表达的主要因素。在葡萄糖浓度为 2 0g/L ,诱导剂脲的添加量为 0 0 6g/L ,钴离子加入量为 0 3g/L ;培养温度为 30℃ ,培养基初始 pH为 7 0的条件下培养 4 0h后 ,酶活可达 134 5U/mg ,比优化前提高了 6 9%。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the