分层土中变截面桩振动问题半解析解的研究

本文首先考虑桩端的弹性阻尼支承,建立了具有多个变截面的桩与分层土相互作用的数学模型。其次,采用积分变换法对该模型进行了求解,得到了在桩顶任意荷载激振下桩顶振动响应的半解析解。最后,获得了瞬态半个正弦波荷载作用下桩顶速度响应的半解析解,并且研究了激振力的持续时间、变截面程度对桩顶速度是域响应的影响。     

桩与粘性阻尼土耦合扭转振动时域响应研究

假设桩周土层为均质粘弹性体,土材料阻尼为粘性阻尼,从轴对称角度出发,对任意激振扭矩作用下弹性支承桩与土耦合扭转振动时的桩顶时域响应进行了理论研究,求得桩顶扭转角阻抗函数解析解,给出半正弦脉冲激振扭矩作用下桩顶速度时域响应半解析解.基于所得解对桩土系统的扭转振动特性进行了分析,讨论了桩土耦合扭转振动条件下长径比、波速比、桩底支承条件等因素对桩顶时域响应的影响,探讨了桩侧土粘性阻尼的特殊影响,得到若干新的结论.     

成层饱和土中桩纵向振动特性研究及应用

采用Winkler地基模拟土层间的相互作用,建立了三维轴对称条件下饱和成层土中弹性支承桩纵向振动的简化模型,通过势函数分解和分离变量方法得到饱和土层的振动形式解,进而利用桩土完全接触条件求解出任一桩段的耦合振动解,根据复阻抗传递原理得出桩顶频域响应解析解和时域响应半解析解,在此基础上,分析了分层模型的合理性以及土层参数对桩顶动力响应的影响,最后结合工程实例对比了分层模型和单层模型,结果表明,采用分层模型可以取得更好的拟合效果。     

桩与粘性阻尼土耦合纵向振动时桩顶时域响应研究

假设桩周土层为均质粘弹性体，土材料阻尼为粘性阻尼，从轴对称角度，对任意激振力作用下弹性支承桩与土耦合纵向振动时的桩顶时域响应进行了理论研究，求得桩顶位移阻抗函数解析解，给出半正弦脉冲激振力作用下桩顶速度时域响应半解析解。基于所得解对桩土系统的振动特性进行了分析，重点探讨了桩侧土粘性阻尼的特殊影响，得到若干新的结论，最后将理论解与现场工程桩实测曲线进行了拟合对比，表明本文理论结果能够更好地反映客观实际。     

任意形式荷载作用下饱和土中桩的扭转振动特性研究

基于Biot提出的饱水多孔介质的波动方程,研究了均质各向同性饱和土中弹性支承桩的耦合扭转振动问题。通过采用拉普拉斯变换及分离变量法求得土体扭转振动位移形式解。利用桩土系统衔接条件和边界条件,进而得到了桩顶转角响应的拉普拉斯变换域解。进一步采用拉普拉斯逆变换技术,得到了任意形式激振荷载作用下桩顶转角时域响应的数值解。最后,研究了骤加荷载和三角形荷载作用下主要参数对桩顶转角时域响应的影响。     

任意层地基中粘弹性楔形桩纵向振动响应研究

考虑楔形桩的横向惯性效应,研究了任意层地基中粘弹性楔形桩的纵向振动问题。首先,根据楔形桩的变截面特性并考虑桩侧土的成层性,将桩土系统沿纵向划分为有限个单元。然后,采用平面应变模型模拟桩侧土,采用Rayleigh-Love杆模拟楔形桩,运用Laplace变换技术和阻抗函数传递方法,求解得到了任意层地基中桩顶速度频域响应的解析解及桩顶速度时域响应的半解析解。最后,采用参数分析方法,对楔形桩单元划分精度进行了讨论,并讨论了楔形桩设计参数及材料参数和桩侧土成层性对楔形桩纵向振动响应的影响。     

考虑土体轴对称波动时变模量桩的纵向振动特性

考虑土体轴对称波动效应,对变模量桩在任意激振力作用下的纵向振动特性进行了研究。假定桩为竖直、弹性、变模量体,土为线性粘弹性体。利用拉普拉斯变换,将定解问题转换到拉普拉斯域内求解,通过引入势函数并结合阻抗函数的传递性,得到了拉普拉斯域内的桩顶阻抗函数解析解,进而可得到频域内的桩顶阻抗函数和速度导纳的解析解,利用卷积定理和傅里叶逆变换,求得了半正弦脉冲激振力作用下桩顶速度时域响应半解析解。基于所得解讨论了桩身模量变化对桩顶速度导纳曲线和反射波曲线的影响,得到了许多重要结论。     

考虑桩身横向惯性效应和桩周土竖向支承作用的楔形管桩纵向振动特性

该文研究考虑桩身横向惯性效应和桩周土竖向支承作用的楔形管桩纵向振动特性。首先,根据楔形管桩特殊的桩身结构和桩周土的成层性,将桩-土系统沿纵向划分为若干微元段,采用Voigt体模型模拟桩周土对楔形管桩桩段的竖向支承作用;基于考虑土体竖向波动效应的三维轴对称模型建立桩周土纵向振动控制方程并求解,得到桩-土之间的侧摩阻力;然后,基于Rayleigh-Love杆模型建立桩的纵向振动控制方程以考虑其横向惯性效应,求解桩的振动控制方程并结合Laplace变换和阻抗函数递推,得到考虑桩周土竖向支承作用的桩顶复阻抗和速度导纳解析解,进一步地,通过卷积定理和Fourier逆变换得到桩顶时域响应半解析解;最后,通过与已有解的对比验证了该文解的合理性,并通过参数分析的方法研究了桩身横向惯性效应、桩周土竖向支承作用及桩身参数对桩顶动力特性的影响。     

考虑桩土耦合作用时桩基扭转振动特性研究

假设桩周土层为均质线性粘弹性体,土材料阻尼为粘性阻尼,桩为竖直弹性均匀圆形截面桩,从三维轴对称角度,对考虑桩土耦合作用时桩基扭转振动桩顶频域振动特性进行了理论研究。利用拉普拉斯变换,首先通过对土层进行求解得到其振动扭转角位移形式解,然后利用该解并以小应变条件下桩土接触界面位移连续来考虑桩土的耦合作用,来分析基桩的动力反应,研究得到了考虑桩土耦合作用时桩顶扭转频域响应函数的解析解。基于所得解对桩土系统的扭转振动特性进行了对比和分析,并重点探讨了桩侧土粘性阻尼对桩顶响应的特殊影响,校验了基于平面应变假定桩基扭转振动理论解的精确性。     

径向软化成层土中单桩风机水平振动特性研究

基于多圈层平面应变土体水平振动模型,得到桩周土体径向软化水平动刚度的解析解。在此基础上,建立径向非均质成层土中桩基水平振动模型,利用传递矩阵法得到桩顶动刚度阵,采用等效固定梁模型将桩土系统耦合到风机仿真软件FAST 8中,对桩周土径向软化对风、波浪荷载作用下单桩风机水平动力响应的影响进行研究。结果表明:桩周土软化对桩顶动刚度影响显著,当土体模量衰减系数为0.25时,与均质土相比桩顶水平刚度降低28.66%;随桩周土模量衰减系数的减小,与均质土相比风机系统的1阶和2阶自振频率分别降低13.08%和16.67%;风机塔顶位移、转角的时程和谱响应表明桩周土土体模量衰减系数为0.25时,塔顶位移和转角的方差与均质土分别相差2.68%和1.37%,位移和转角响应谱峰值约为均质土的2.77倍和2.69倍。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.