Surface potential distribution over a zinc/steel galvanic couple corroding under thin layer of electrolyte

In this study, surface potential and surface pH changes over a zinc/steel galvanic couple corroding in artificial seawater (ASW) at 60 and 90% RH have been investigated. The results from surface potential and surface pH measurements were substantiated by the surface observation of the corroded sample during and after the corrosion test. The potential difference over the zinc and steel surface in 90% RH was very low (less than 200 mV) showing that whole steel surface was under galvanic protection. On the other hand, in 60% RH, after several days of corrosion the potential difference between the zinc coating and the steel surface was very high (more than 500 mV) and hence the galvanic protection was limited to interface region. The X-ray analysis of the sample corroded in 60% RH has shown that the zinc corrosion products were deposited on the steel surface near the interface, the same region has shown a low pH compared to than in other part of the steel surface. This led to conclude that with the progress of corrosion, the coating surface of zinc coated steel acidifies by the hydrolysis reaction of the dissolved zinc ions, and the iron surface showed the alkalinity by the oxygen reduction reaction. Moreover, the parts of the steel surface covered with zinc corrosion products had developed relatively less noble potential than other parts indicating that zinc corrosion products took a role to protect the base steel against corrosion. It was assumed that this behavior was related to a combination of the water absorbing capability of zinc corrosion products and adsorption of zinc ion on the steel surface due to low pH.     

Numerical analysis of galvanic corrosion of Zn/Fe interface beneath a thin electrolyte

A numerical analysis of galvanic corrosion of a Zn/Fe interface beneath a thin layer electrolyte is presented. Specifically, a circular defect, where the zinc coating has been removed, is considered. It is assumed that both oxygen reduction and iron oxidation can occur on the Fe surface, while only zinc oxidation occurs on the Zn surface. The importance of electrolyte thickness and conductivity and defect radius is considered. It is assumed that the iron and zinc oxidation rates are described by a Tafel relationship. If the kinetic parameters of the oxidation reactions are known, the cathodic protection of Fe is a function of a Wagner number, the ratio of the electrolyte thickness to the defect radius, and the ratio of the radius of the defect to the outer radius of the zinc layer.     

无铬锌铝涂层的研究进展研究

介绍了无铬锌铝涂层的工艺流程、防腐蚀机理、膜层性能特点,以及国内外研究概况和应用领域,并对无铬锌铝涂层技术的发展提出了展望。     

钢丝热浸双镀锌-铝稀土合金镀层的组织性能研究

通过热浸双镀工艺在不同钢丝基体上制得了锌-铝合金镀层,对镀层的形貌、耐蚀性能、显微硬度等进行了分析测试.研究表明,采用高碳钢为基体所得的镀层主要由粒状胞状组织组成;而低碳钢基体上的镀层则由层片状组织构成,同时前者具有较好的耐蚀性能.     

The spatial distribution of Zn during galvanic corrosion of a Zn/steel couple

The spatial distribution of Zn²⁺ during galvanic corrosion of a model Zn/steel couple in 0.01 M NaCl was investigated using a scanning zinc disk electrode. The couple had a coplanar arrangement of a steel substrate with an electroplated zinc layer at the center. During galvanic corrosion, the marked changes in the Zn²⁺ concentration were confined to a thin solution layer ca. 1.0 mm thick above the couple surface. In this thin solution layer above the zinc layer, a higher concentration region of Zn²⁺ in the range of 5-18 mM extended around the zinc layer in the solution during galvanic corrosion. Conversely, above the steel surface distant from the zinc layer, the surface concentration of Zn²⁺ was almost zero during galvanic corrosion. On this surface, the precipitation of zinc corrosion products due to the hydrolysis reaction of Zn²⁺ was observed. The distribution of the Zn²⁺ concentration supported that Zn²⁺ acted as a buffer that suppressed the increased pH due to the cathodic reaction on the steel surface near the zinc layer and almost no corrosion products formed there. The spatial distribution of Zn²⁺ is discussed in relation to the distributions of potential and pH and the surface morphology of the galvanic couple.     

热浸镀Zn-Al合金钝化工艺及耐蚀性能研究

在钢板热浸镀Zn-5％Al合金表面制备了钼酸盐钝化膜,探讨了溶液pH、θ及t对钝化膜性能的影响.采用电化学方法对钝化膜耐腐蚀性能进行测试.结果表明,Zn-5％Al合金钝化膜阳极极化曲线呈现钝化特征.用扫描电镜对钝化膜的表面形貌进行观察,发现钝化膜呈片层状结构,用环境扫描电镜配套的能谱仪对钝化膜成分进行分析,结果表明钝化膜由Mo、P、O、Zn和Al等元素组成.     

SKP and FT-IR microscopy study of the paint corrosion de-adhesion from the surface of galvanized steel

Scanning Kelvin Probe (SKP) and FTIR microscopy were applied to study the atmospheric corrosion of galvanized steel coated by electrophoretic epoxy resin (ED) at a defect.     

环氧有机涂层对锌铁合金镀层耐蚀性的影响

利用腐蚀浸泡实验、失重法和交流阻抗谱分析等方法研究了环氧有机涂层对Q235钢电镀锌铁合金镀层耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,Q235钢基体、Q235+Zn–Fe合金镀层试样和Q235+Zn–Fe合金镀层+环氧有机涂层试样在5%NaCl溶液中浸泡504 h后,腐蚀速率分别为0.068 0、0.040 0和0.018 0 mm/a。涂覆环氧有机涂层至少能使锌铁合金镀层的防腐性能提高2倍,从而延长基体材料的使用寿命。     

薄膜前处理技术在汽车涂装中的应用

以冷轧钢板和热轧钢板为基材,分别采用不同厂家的薄膜前处理工艺配套阴极电泳涂装,研究了不同工艺条件下涂层的物理机械性能和耐蚀性能,并与传统磷化工艺进行对比,分析了薄膜前处理技术在车厢、车架涂装线应用的可行性。结果表明,对于车厢、车架用冷轧钢板,薄膜前处理工艺配套阴极电泳涂装所得涂膜的物理机械性能与传统磷化工艺相当,虽耐蚀性略低,但仍能满足车厢线的技术要求;对于车厢、车架用热轧钢板,选择不去除氧化皮的工艺,采用薄膜前处理技术也能够满足车厢、车架线阴极电泳配套的技术要求。     

硫化钠对镀锌钢表面铈盐转化膜耐蚀性的影响

采用硝酸亚铈、六偏磷酸钠组成的转化液,在镀锌钢表面制备了铈盐转化膜,研究了硫化钠(Na2S)对其耐蚀改性作用。通过中性盐雾(NSS)试验考察了Na2S质量浓度、pH、温度、时间等工艺条件对转化膜耐蚀性的影响,通过单因素试验得到最佳转化条件为：Na2S 6 g/L,温度25°C,pH 0.8,转化时间3 min。用扫描电镜和能谱分析了有无Na2S改性的铈盐转化膜的形貌结构及成分,用Tafel极化曲线法比较了它们的耐蚀性。结果表明,加入Na2S增强了铈盐转化膜与镀锌钢基体的附着力,提高了O、P、Ce等主要耐蚀成分的含量,耐盐雾腐蚀时间由改性前的24 h延长到改性后的96 h,耐蚀性显著提高。     

Effect of SO4 on the corrosion behavior of cerium-based conversion coatings on galvanized steel

The cerium-based conversion coatings on galvanized steel were investigated and the influence of SO₄²⁻ on the corrosion behavior was evaluated. The coatings were prepared by a simple immersion of galvanized steels in an aqueous solution composed of cerium nitrate and sodium sulfate. The corrosion behavior was studied by means of potentiodynamic polarization measurements and neutral salt spray tests. The addition of SO₄²⁻ to the coating solution considerably improved the corrosion resistance of the conversion coatings. Atomic force microscope observation shows that deposits prepared from the solution with SO₄²⁻ have smaller crystalline size than those prepared without SO₄²⁻. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and titration curves demonstrate that SO₄²⁻ ions are incorporated in the coating during the conversion process. This indicates that SO₄²⁻ acts as a grain refiner and/or growth inhibitor, thus enhancing the corrosion resistance.     

热镀锌板的镀层成分对其表面电泳漆膜抗石击腐蚀性能的影响

研究了热镀锌板的镀层成分对其表面电泳漆膜抗石击腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,经过合金化退火得到的GA板镀层中含有一定量的Fe,镀层较未经合金化退火的GI板硬。GA板镀层表面疏松多孔,电泳漆膜能够充满其缝隙或凹陷之处,固化后在界面区产生了类似勾键作用的机械作用力。因此,GA板与电泳漆膜的附着力优于GI板,石击处的扩蚀速率小于GI板。     

钢铁表面氟铁酸钾转化膜技术研究

在钢铁表面制得了氟铁酸钾转化膜,主要工艺流程包括酸洗、钝化、吹干和上漆.钝化液配方及工艺条件为:氟化钾100～130g/L,浓硝酸70～80 mL/L,四价无机钛盐促进剂0.5～1.0 g/L,室温,pH 2～3,时间15～30 min.采用金相显微镜、EDS能谱和硫酸铜点滴试验等方法对膜的表面形貌、元素组成和耐蚀性进行了测试.结果表明,钢铁经此工艺钝化处理后其耐蚀性能及与基体和有机涂层的结合力明显提高.     

热浸镀锌层表面偏钒酸盐转化膜

在热浸镀锌试样表面获得了一层均匀、完整的偏钒酸盐转化膜.成膜溶液成分及工艺条件为:NaVO3 5 g/L,pH 1.3,温度30 ℃,时间30 min.对比研究了偏钒酸盐转化膜和铬酸盐转化膜的耐蚀性能.结果表明,偏钒酸盐转化膜由Zn、O、V等元素组成,热浸镀锌层经偏钒酸盐转化处理后电化学阻抗和极化电阻增大,腐蚀电流密度...     

锌粉粒度对锌铬膜耐腐蚀性能影响的研究

本文通过湿热试验、盐水浸泡试验、盐雾试验和电化学方法全面评价了锌铬膜的耐腐蚀性能,并与镀锌钝化膜进行比较。研究了锌粉粒度对锌铬膜层耐腐蚀性能的影响,锌粉粒度越小,所得锌铬膜耐腐蚀性能越强。     

表面包覆Al(OH)3改性石墨的研究

采用异相成核法在天然鳞片石墨水悬浮液中 ,使硫酸铝水解 ,在石墨表面包覆一层Al(OH) 3对石墨进行表面改性处理。介绍了包覆条件对石墨表面改性的影响 ,对改性后的石墨进行了形貌观察、接触角测定、差热 -热重分析。研究结果表明 :在适当的条件下 ,可在石墨表面形成Al(OH) 3包覆层 ,pH值为 4 .0时 ,包覆效果最好 ;包覆后石墨的抗氧化性及对水的润湿性均有所提高     

复合硅烷/锌涂层耐腐蚀性能的研究

通过电导率监视仪对硅烷的水解过程进行监控,确定了KH560的水解时间为3h,含不同质量分数鳞片锌粉的硅烷/锌复合液的水解时间为12h。将硅烷/锌水解液涂覆到低碳钢表面,制备了复合硅烷/锌涂层。通过盐雾试验、极化曲线和交流阻抗谱研究了不同锌粉含量的硅烷/锌复合涂层的耐蚀性能,通过扫描电镜观察了涂层的截面形貌,探讨了硅烷/锌复合涂层的耐蚀机理。结果表明,复合硅烷/锌涂层的耐蚀性能随着锌粉含量的增加而提高,鳞片锌粉的最大添加量为45%。此含量下的复合硅烷/锌涂层的耐蚀性能最好,中性盐雾时间达576h,是纯硅烷涂层的12倍。在此硅烷/锌复合涂层中,鳞片锌粉以平行叠加的方式组成致密的网状结构,从而延长了腐蚀性介质到达金属基材的时间,使涂层的耐蚀性能得到明显提高。     

硅烷偶联剂预处理对Q235钢表面聚偏氟乙烯涂层性能的影响

先采用KH-560硅烷偶联剂体积分数不同的硅烷溶液处理Q235钢,再制备聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)防腐涂层。研究了KH-560体积分数对硅烷溶液水解率及PVDF涂层的表面形貌、疏水性和耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,采用KH-560体积分数为9%的硅烷溶液预处理Q235钢后制备的PVDF涂层表面疏水性较强,在400°C内具有较好的热稳定性,硬度为5H,耐弯曲性、耐酸碱性、耐盐水性(14 d)均优于未采用硅烷溶液处理的O235钢上涂覆的PVDF涂层。     

Effects of cathodic potential on the local electrochemical environment under a disbonded coating

A rectangular crevice assembly was used to investigate the effects of cathodic protection (CP) potential, bubbling CO₂ and surface condition on the crevice corrosion of X70 steel under a disbonded coating. The solution within the crevice becomes more alkaline due to the reduction of dissolved O₂. As a result, the potential of the steel reaches the protected potential range and thus the protection distance becomes longer when the applied CP potential is more negative. Potential drop (IR) mainly occurs in the vicinity of the opening. However, the introduction of CO₂ into the solution prevents the formation of an alkaline environment but gives rise to an environment with a nearly neutral pH and a uniform potential distribution in the crevice. In addition, it is found that the pre-corrosion product layer significantly decreases the polarization rate in the crevice.     

Effect of variable amounts of rust at the steel/paint interface on the behaviour of anticorrosive paint systems

This paper analyses the effect of the presence of rust at the metal/paint interface on the behaviour of different paint systems used for protecting the structural steel exposed to the atmosphere. The paint systems were applied as films of variable thickness over rusted steel surfaces cleaned to different grades of surface preparation (Sa3, Sa2(1/2), Sa2 and St2). Pre-rusting of steel was carried out in a clean (uncontaminated) rural atmosphere. Atmospheric exposure tests were conducted for 14 years at three Spanish test sites of different atmospheric corrosivity. Exposed specimens were evaluated for rusting and blistering, as well as for delamination of the paint system on both sides of a scribe made in the paint film. The results reveal that in some cases the presence of rust has a negligible influence on the durability of the paint system applied. Those systems including a zinc-rich (ethyl silicate) primer were found to provide the most effective protection against corrosion under all types of conditions tested.