质子交换膜燃料电池的进展与前景

介绍质子交换膜燃料电池的优越性、应用现状及前景。从催化剂、电极、质子交换膜、电解质和双极板等方面评述质子交换膜燃料电池的研究进展。     

质子交换膜燃料电池开发现状

综述单体质子交换膜燃料电池的技术现状 ,介绍国内外PEMFC的研究进展 ,展望质子交换膜燃料电池技术的发展前景。     

温度对质子交换膜燃料电池阻抗特性的影响研究

使用电化学阻抗谱设备测试不同温度条件下的质子交换膜燃料电池阻抗谱曲线,并运用RL(QR)等效电路分析了电池温度和加湿温度对电化学阻抗的影响。研究结果表明:当电池温度高于加湿温度时,欧姆阻抗和法拉第阻抗都显著增加;等效电路中常相位角元件表征双电层特性的n值大于0.5,表明质子交换膜燃料电池中双电层的阻抗值偏重于容抗特性,同时加湿温度高出电池温度越多,双电层体现为容抗特性的程度越明显。     

质子交换膜燃料电池用金属氢化物储氢罐的研究进展

综述了金属氢化物储氢罐储氢材料、储氢罐传热及结构设计研究现状,并对其在质子交换膜燃料电池的应用发展前景进行了展望.     

矿物材料在燃料电池质子导体中的研究进展

质子交换膜燃料电池作为能源结构转型的重要载体,其性能、寿命以及成本受到电解质膜发展的制约。相比于传统的聚合物质子交换膜,利用矿物材料制备的无机质子导体成本低廉且性能优异。因此,无机质子导体是理想的电解质材料。然而,无机质子导体同时实现高质子传导性能和化学稳定性是一项极具挑战的任务。本综述详细讨论了质子在电解质中的传导过程、传导机制以及传导机制判定,明确了物质结构与质子传导之间的关系。详细论述了各种具有质子传导性能的无机电解质材料,以及针对各种质子导体本身缺陷而提出的改善措施。氧化物作为无机质子导体的主要类型,其快速发展对推动燃料电池的广泛商业化起着关键作用。因此,本综述最后对氧化物型无机质子导体的发展进行了三个方面的展望:(1)界面工程,研究和优化氧化物界面结构和性质,以提高质子传输速率;(2)多功能复合材料,将氧化物与其他材料相结合,形成复合材料,以实现更好的质子传导性能和致密性;(3)新的低成本烧结技术的开发,通过引入人工智能、开发新型烧结介质等手段降低放电等离子烧结、微波烧结等非常规烧结技术的成本。     

双极膜应用现状与发展

双极膜(Bipolar membranes,BPMs)是一种由阴离子交换层和阳离子交换层组成的特殊离子交换膜.双极膜由于其独特的水解离性能,使其在化工、环境保护、储能、食品加工等领域中发挥了不可替代的作用.在过去20 a,双极膜的商业市场不断扩大,双极膜的研究也迅速发展.本文总结了市场上商用双极膜的情况以及双极膜的应用...     

煤炭制氢替代技术——质子交换膜水电解制氢技术及其衰减机理

氢能作为一种零污染、高热值的二次能源，其高效生产和有效利用一直以来都是一个十分重要的课题。目前主流的制氢方式主要是煤炭的焦化和气化，然而，在煤炭的焦化产氢过程中会产生甲烷、一氧化碳等有毒气体，气化过程则会产生大量的二氧化碳，2种煤制氢方式不仅产生的氢气纯度低而且对环境不友好。因此，寻求一种低碳环保、产氢效率/纯度高的制氢方式至关重要。质子交换膜(PEM)水电解制氢具备宽范围快速动态响应能力，在新能源消纳、高比例新能源电网功率动态平衡方面应用前景广阔。但波动电源制氢过程中启停、过载、快速大幅变载等工况会影响质子交换膜电解槽中的关键材料和传热传质过程，导致耐受性不足及性能衰减加剧，严重制约了PEM制氢的大规模推广。因此，亟需开展PEM电解槽衰减机理和失效机制分析，为研发适于波动工况输入的高性能、长寿命PEM制氢装置提供理论指导。主要从传统的煤炭制氢技术6及其弊端、(PEMWE)的基本原理和优缺点、PEM电解槽性能优化的发展现状、PEM电解槽中催化剂、质子交换膜、双极板的衰减机理及其缓解策略5个方面来进行阐述，指导未来PEMWE系统的性能和耐久性提升。     

变频调速技术在圆盘真空过滤机中的应用

本文在职回顾蓄电池电动车的发展简史之后，分析和判断来自各方面的信息，从技术上的可行性、氢原料选择、市场准入、政府政策、电动机及其控制系统等各个角度进行综合考虑，认为最具有发展前景的当属质子交换膜燃料电池电动车。     

均相离子交换膜的研制

均相阴、阳膜及双极性膜在同位素分离、废水处理、高纯水制备、直接从矿石中提取金属、酸和碱的制备等领域获得了实际应用。介绍制备均相阴、阳离子交换膜的γ-射线辐射接枝法、含浸法、涂浆法,制备双极性膜的单片法。     

浅谈橡胶滤板的使用价值

评述了铸铁滤板、塑料滤板和橡胶滤板的技术性能,认为橡胶滤板比铸铁滤板在技术性能、使用寿命等各方面都优越。     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

Annual Report analysis of Chinese rare earth-related listed companies in 2013

<正>Chinese rare earth-related listed companies have published their 2013 annual reports.It can be understood from their reports that production and operation activities of Chinese rare earth-related companies were still heavily affected by macro economy and industrial policies.They basically followed the steps of national economy.In 2013,world economy recovered slowly but the economy     

Market opportunities and challenges for rare earth polishing powder

正1.Status of rare earth polishing powder Rare earth polishing powder with high content of cerium oxide began to replace iron oxide for glass polishing and became one of the key materials in glass polishing process since 1940.Compared with traditional iron oxide,rare earth polishing powder has many advantages,such as fast polishing rate,high polishing quality and long service life.It can achieve good surface quality and improve operation conditions.For example,in lens polishing,the polishing work that cerium     

Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths developed a new RE alloy preparation technology

正Pyrometallurgy Laboratory of Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths had independently developed a new preparation technology of rare earth alloy for NdFeB.The alloy can remarkably enhance the coercivity of NdFeB magnet but also evidently reduce the production cost of the magnet.The new master alloy was prepared in the kA pilot-scale electrolytic cell by the independent technology.The rare earth master alloy can be used as the raw material for NdFeB.Compared     

矿用防爆轴流对旋主要通风机叶片ANSYS模态分析及应用

高效节能矿用防爆对旋主要通风机的叶片是主要通风机运行的关键部件,叶片在运行时不断受到气流的作用力,从而使叶片产生振动,当叶片振动的频率与叶片的固有频率接近时,容易产生共振从而导致叶片的断裂。一旦叶片断裂时,对主要通风机的安全运行产生致命的影响,从而导致矿山、化工等企业发生重大事故,将会产生不可估量的损失。基于有限元分析软件ANSYS,对高效节能矿用防爆轴流对旋主要通风机叶片进行模态分析及产生对应的六阶模态频率,对主要通风机叶片的运行频率、固有频率及产生的共振问题进行了原理分析,并且解决了叶片频率共振的问题,从而为主要通风机叶片结构设计提供理论依据,并对主要通风机叶片的安全运行提供保障。     

2013 NdFeB export analysis

<正>China totally exported nearly 24,000 tonsof NdFeB products during 201 3,including 18,825 tons of permanent magnet,valued USD 1.34 billion at an average price of 71.4 USD/kg;3,277 tons of NdFeB magnetic powder,valued USD 1 01 million at an average price of 30.9 USD/kg;1,334 tons of strip casting ribbon,with total export value of USD 74million at an average price of 55.3 USD/kg;and 586     

Market and recycling of NiMH battery

<正>Market status and future trend of NiMH battery1.Global market of small NiMH battery Global market size of small NiMH batteries declined year on year since 2011.The trend will continue to 2018,at the rate of 5%to 10%annually.Demand for small NiMH batteries will be stable gradually.Many electrical apparatuses are powered by the built-in lithium battery today,which is the main reason for the shrunk market of small NiMH batteries.But,for some products,small NiMH     

China rare earth market review

正September 1-10,2014 Affected by the National Day holiday,rare earth transaction was stagnant and the market showed a weak steady state.As there was no good news for downstream market,some products with flat demand would likely rally slightly for some time to     

唐口煤矿深部复杂开采工作面瓦斯分源涌出规律研究

研究工作面瓦斯涌出规律对工作面瓦斯治理有重要意义。为了得到唐口煤矿深部3号煤层复杂开采条件下工作面回采时期瓦斯涌出时空演化规律,选取6304工作面作为对象,采用实测方法研究6304工作面瓦斯涌出规律。结果表明:6304工作面瓦斯涌出量为6.534 m³/min,其中煤壁占34.27%,落煤占29.62%,采空区占36.11%;沿工作面倾向由低到高,瓦斯浓度整体为上升趋势,其中1—76号架工作面瓦斯浓度小于0.20%,76—102号架瓦斯浓度上升明显,最大为0.387%;上隅角的后部采空区是工作面的瓦斯主要涌出源,上隅角1号测点瓦斯浓度0.78%,上隅角周边3号、5号、7号、8号、9号测点瓦斯浓度平均为0.643%;周期来压时,上隅角瓦斯相对平时较高。研究为针对性的瓦斯分源监控与灾害防治提供基础。