生产系统柔性水平的最佳选择

本文利用柔性的三维特性,结合盈亏平衡分析,探讨了对生产系统投资决策时,如何选择最佳的柔性水平以达到利润的最大化。     

基于管理熵的生产系统柔性决策

建立了生产系统柔性的管理熵模型,将生产系统柔性视为生产管理力对生产系统施加管理功的过程.将生产系统在管理熵空间映射为结构柔性、功能柔性和信息柔性三维模型,将生产系统的柔性转化为三维空间上的容易量化的矢量簇.用总熵函数表达三维空间矢量簇间的相互作用,给出了生产系统柔性定量度量的五项启发式规则.     

六自由度微动工作台柔性铰链设计

主要介绍了用于六自由度微动工作台的柔性铰链即双向柔性铰链和万向柔性铰链的设计过程，根据微动台中柔性铰链的设计要求，分析了微动台运动时驱动力与铰链变形的关系，确定了满足驱动力条件的柔性铰链刚度范围，并结合柔性铰链强度条件、工作台动态特性以及柔性铰链转角刚度与结构尺寸的关系，进一步确定柔性铰链的刚度和结构尺寸，合理设计柔性铰链．另外，通过有限元分析软件分析了柔性铰链最大受力时的应力分布情况．对柔性铰链的强度进行了校核，进一步保证了柔性铰链设计的正确性．     

企业柔性:基于集成的观点

从集成的思想出发分析了柔性的内涵，认为企业柔性的目标是提高企业在动态环境条件下的整体竞争优势，柔性的基础是在更大范围内的协调优化与有效集成；从系统的角度将企业柔性分为市场柔性，研发柔性，制造柔性与组织柔性四个维度，对每个维度所包括的具体内容进行了分析；建立了企业柔性的概念模型，从整体的角度出发对企业的柔性的形式与作用机制进行了描述。     

卫星柔性贮存方法

针对卫星在厂房内不进行土建改造且具备随时解封与重密封能力,并且实现环境受控的贮存条件要求,文章提出一种基于柔性贮存方式的解决方案,针对贮存要求与相关标准,设计出一套柔性贮存系统,主要包含可变式支撑骨架、柔性密封薄膜以及监控系统几部分.对支撑骨架进行机械与电气设计,以及结构强度的有限元仿真计算;对柔性密封薄膜的密封性能、...     

制造柔性的概念框架及其度量

研究了制造柔性的概念，讨论了制造柔性的特点及其对制造系统综合运行性能的影响，提出了一个用于对制造柔性进行分类的概念框架，探讨了制造柔性的度量方法。     

适合柔性生产的调度技术

具有竞争力的生产组织要求精益化和柔性的数据处理方法，用于订单计划的制订以及订单的执行。现代生产调度技术严格遵循企业流程，并有效支持所有生产后勤工作部门的应用者。其结果是低成本、经改善的供货能力和员工更高的积极性。     

生产系统柔怀水平的最佳选择

本文利用柔性的三维特性，结合盈亏平衡分析，探讨了对生产系统投资决策时，如何选择最佳的柔性水平以达到利润的最大化。     

大型空间结构的柔性效应

本文讨论大型空间结构的柔性效应，通过柔体建模及模型分析，区别于多刚体系统，就柔体主模诚损失对动力学方程组的影响进行了分析，同时，给出了系统较难控制的柔性效应误差及误差显式表达式。     

数码相机中柔性电路的研制与应用

本文详细叙述了应用于数码相机中柔性电路的生产制造技术、控制要点和成品的测试要求。     

A Generalized Multimachine Replacement Model for Flexible Automation Investments

In this paper a multiperiod replacement model is developed in the context of an incremental implementation of flexible automation investments. The model takes into account die costs, benefits and effective utilization of several types of flexibility, in deriving optimal machine replacement sequences and cost-effective production plans during the transition and later periods.     

Flexible fixture design and automation: Review,issues and future directions

The cost of designing and fabricating fixtures can amount to 10-20% of the total manufacturing system costs. To reduce manufacturing costs, a fixture system is designed to be competent in fixturing as many workpieces as possible. In mass volume production, this can be achieved by fixturing a large quantity of the same kind of workpieces. In low-to-medium volume production, however, improvement of the flexibility of fixture systems becomes a favourable way to reduce the unit cost of product. This paper summarizes the latest studies in the field of flexible fixture design and automation. First, a brief introduction is given on this research area. Secondly, taxonomy of flexible fixture design activities is presented. Thirdly, the flexibility strategies based on the existing flexible fixture systems are discussed. Fourthly, the contributions on design methodologies and verifications are examined. Fifthly, advances on computer-aided design and see-up systems are summarized. Finally, some prospective research trends are presented.     

柔性板基础隔振系统的柔性多体动力学理论建模

根据舰艇机械隔振系统的特点,首先利用瑞利—里兹法推导了柔性板的动力学方程,然后结合柔性多体动力学理论,推导柔性板基础上的隔振系统的动力学模型。     

具有工序顺序柔性的车间调度问题研究综述

某些加工车间在生产过程中具有多种柔性,工序顺序柔性就是其中重要的一种。通过对具有工序顺序柔性的车间调度问题的优化求解,能够极大地提高生产效率,节约生产成本。本文对具有工序顺序柔性的车间调度问题的研究现状进行整理分析,主要包括混合车间调度问题(mixed shop scheduling problem, MSP)、分组车间调度问题(group shop scheduling problem, GSP)和部分车间调度问题(partial shop scheduling problem, PSP)。最后,指出了具有工序顺序柔性的车间调度问题的发展前景及发展方向。     

Flexible One-Dimensional Nanostructures:A Review

This review discusses the recent reports on one-dimensional(1D) nanostructures with unusual flexibility.We discuss the importance that flexibility could have in future applications of nanowires and other nanostructures,and detail the two main approaches that have been followed to this day to synthesize highly flexible 1D nanostructures.One approach is based on making crystals in which one or two dimensions of the structure are comparable in size with the unit cell.Such thinness has been shown to provide unusual flexibility.The other approach conjoins hard nanostructures with flexible joints.     

An Artificial Intelligence Approach to the Scheduling of Flexible Manufacturing Systems

Scheduling in a flexible manufacturing system (FMS)must take into account the shorter lead-time, the multiprocessing environment, the flexibility of machine tools, and the dynamically changing states. The scheduling approach described in this paper employs a knowledge-based system to carry out the nonlinear planning method developed in artificial intelligence. The state-space process for plan-generation, by either forward- or backward-chaining, can handle scheduling requirements unique to the FMS environment. A prototype of this scheduling system has been implemented on a LISP machine and is applied to solve the scheduling problem in flexible manufacturing cells. This scheduling method is characterized by its knowledge-based organization, symbolic representation, state-space inferencing, and its ability for dynamic scheduling and plan revision. It provides a foundation for integrating intelligent planning, scheduling, and machine learning in FMSs.     

柔性染料敏化太阳能电池和柔性钙钛矿太阳能电池关键电极材料研究进展

柔性太阳能电池具有轻便、可弯曲的优点,可用于可穿戴设备等器件的即时充电,具有广阔的应用前景,受到持续广泛的关注。柔性太阳能电池制备中的关键在于基材以及与之相关的电极材料的制备。本文综述了柔性染料敏化太阳能电池和柔性钙钛矿太阳能电池近几年的发展情况,着重介绍了柔性染料敏化太阳能电池光阳极、对电极以及柔性钙钛矿太阳能电池的底电极和电子传输层。结果发现高温烧结目前仍是制备高效染料敏化太阳能电池光阳极不可避免的方法,而对电极则不受这一限制并且已经有多种材料的效率超过了高温烧结的铂。柔性钙钛矿太阳能电池的研究重点是用其他材料代替底电极中柔性较差的ITO以及高温烧结的电子传输材料TiO₂,并且都取得显著成效。在此基础上,展望了柔性染料敏化太阳能电池和柔性钙钛矿太阳能电池未来的发展方向。     

Flexible job-shop scheduling problem under resource constraints

A flexible job-shop-scheduling problem is an extension of classical job-shop problems that permit an operation of each job to be processed by more than one machine. The research methodology is to assign operations to machines (assignment) and determine the processing order of jobs on machines (sequencing) such that the system objectives can be optimized. This problem can explore very well the common nature of many real manufacturing environments under resource constraints. A genetic algorithm-based approach is developed to solve the problem. Using the proposed approach, a resource-constrained operations–machines assignment problem and flexible job-shop scheduling problem can be solved iteratively. In this connection, the flexibility embedded in the flexible shop floor, which is important to today's manufacturers, can be quantified under different levels of resource availability.     

Evaluating volume flexibility instruments by design-of-experiments methods

Volume flexibility enables firms to cope with demand fluctuations, but being flexible incurs costs. Hence, firms are challenged to choose economically adequate volume flexibility instruments. To tackle this challenge we present a three-step approach comprising a preliminary analysis and a model of a production system that takes into account different volume flexibility instruments. The model is solved by minimising production costs. For a multi-dimensional sensitivity analysis we use design-of-experiments methods in the third step to assess the impact of the instruments and their interactions. In a case study we apply our approach to a real-life NP-hard production planning problem of a car manufacturer that is solved by approximate dynamic programming. Using design-of-experiments methods we gain managerial insights into the value of different combinations of volume flexibility instruments.     

挠性炸药的发展及应用

挠性炸药具有临界直径小、爆速高、挠性优良、易携带等特点,成为现代高聚物黏结炸药的发展重点类型之一,文中综述了国内外挠性炸药的发展概况,介绍了典型挠性炸药的配方及其主要性能,总结了挠性炸药在军事和民用领域的应用情况,提出了关于挠性炸药研究方向的发展建议。