抗氧剂的研究现状及发展趋势

从人类对高品质生活的需求和工业材料日益苛刻的应用条件出发,综述了抗氧剂的作用机理及其在天然产物、高分子、食品、医药、石油化工等诸多领域应用的研究进展,并指出了不同领域抗氧剂向环保、无毒、多功能等方向发展的趋势。     

非对称受阻酚类抗氧剂及其应用

非对称受阻酚类抗氧剂是当今世界聚合物抗氧剂研究领域的一大趋势,介绍了非对称受阻酚类抗氧剂的结构、性能及其代表性品种,同时指出了该类抗氧剂的应用前景,对生产加工有一定的参考价值。     

新型耐热双酚单丙烯酸酯类抗氧剂

双酚单丙烯酸酯类抗氧剂是近年来国外开发的新型耐热抗氧剂,它们的开发和应用代表了当今世界抗氧剂研究领域的一大潮流。本文就其抗氧剂的结构、制备、双官能稳定机理及氧化变色机理作以概述,并结合国内现状提出了开发建议。     

抗氧剂在塑料中的应用

以实例说明了天然抗氧剂、反应型抗氧剂、非酚类抗氧剂等几种抗氧剂在塑料中的应用,并提出应注重抗氧剂的应用研究.     

双酚单丙烯酸酯抗氧剂GM的研究进展

双酚单丙烯酸酯抗氧剂GM是一种新型抗氧剂。介绍了抗氧剂GM的合成方法,阐述了抗氧剂GM在橡胶、热熔胶和弹性体等方面的应用,展望了抗氧剂GM的未来。     

非对称型受阻酚类抗氧剂的研究新进展

非对称型受阻酚类抗氧剂以其特殊的结构显著提高了聚合物的抗氧化效率,新型非对称型受阻酚的探索与开发代表了当今世界聚合物抗氧化领域的一大发展趋势。简述了非对称型受阻酚类抗氧剂的结构特性及抗氧化机理,重点介绍了几种典型的半受阻酚类抗氧剂的合成及应用,指出了非对称型受阻酚类抗氧剂的研究方向。     

双功能型羟胺类抗氧剂的进展

抗氧剂是聚合物材料中应用最广泛的助剂之一,羟胺类抗氧剂同时具有捕获自由基和分解氢过氧化物的功能,其作为一种双功能型抗氧剂,在聚合物材料的加工和使用过程中已经得到了应用。简述了羟胺类抗氧剂的结构,详细介绍了羟胺类抗氧剂抗氧化作用的机理,在结构和作用机理的基础上对影响该类抗氧剂抗氧化效率的因素进行分析,着重阐述了次级氮氧自由基、取代基及取代烷基链长度对其抗氧化效率的影响。此外,介绍了常用羟胺类抗氧剂(烷基羟胺类、苄基羟胺类以及环状羟胺类等)的开发应用现状。最后,提出羟胺类抗氧剂未来的发展方向应致力于优化合成工艺,开发多元复配体系和多功能型羟胺类抗氧剂,实现抗氧剂的高效利用。     

油品抗氧剂的研究进展

分析了国内油品氧化变质的原因,简述了抗氧剂在油品中的作用机理。重点介绍了国内商品化抗氧剂的制备及其在油品（汽油、柴油、润滑油等）中的应用情况。结合当前不同的油品抗氧剂的特点,指出了油品抗氧剂的发展趋势。     

塑料抗氧剂现状及发展趋势

抗氧剂是一种可阻碍氧化进而阻碍聚合物老化的化学助剂,广泛用于塑料、橡胶、合成纤维、石油产品、食品、饲料等领域。塑料抗氧剂是塑料生产工业中最重要而普遍使用的添加剂,抗氧剂的结构特征及本身质量直接影响塑料制品的使用性能。     

山西省化工研究所推出新型亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂

山西省化工研究所在抗氧剂领域不断推陈出新，确立了高效亚磷酸酯辅助抗氧剂的研究方向，KYP-10是该所实施新型亚磷酸酯抗氧剂系列产品开发的第一个重要成果。这种抗氧剂属于双酚类亚磷酸酯抗氧剂结构，适用于PE、ABS、PS、工程塑料及其它聚合物，具有卓越的热稳定性、加工稳定性、耐热性和耐水解稳定性，可赋予聚烯烃、ABS、PS及工程塑料等制品良好的加工稳定性、     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。