微量元素水溶肥料在小麦上的应用效果

在小麦返青期、拔节期、抽穗期和灌浆期分别喷施1次微量元素水溶肥料,每次用量100g/亩。与清水对照比较,每亩增产35.43公斤,增产率为7.1%;与空白对照比较,每亩增产37.47公斤,增产率为7.5%。对不同喷施次数进行了效果比较,结果表明,微量元素水溶肥料不是喷施越多越好,而是应该科学施用。     

微量元素水溶肥料(水剂)在油菜上的应用效果研究

为了提高油菜产量和质量,制备了微量元素水溶肥料(水剂)含有氮、磷、钾和硫[(N +P2O5 +K2O+S)总量≥50 g/L],微量元素以硼、锌为主[(Zn +B +Cu +Fe+Mn+Mo)总量≥100 g/L].在油菜上喷施的应用效果表明,该肥料能改善油菜生物学性状,优化油菜的产量结构,提高油菜的产量,产量可达9....     

微量元素水溶肥料制备及其在小麦上的应用方法与效果探讨

简要介绍了微量元素水溶肥料制备的工艺流程.研究了微量元素水溶肥料在不同地区小麦上的喷施效果,并探讨了其喷施方法.试验结果表明：小麦喷施微量元素水溶肥料具有显著的增产增收效果,且随土壤肥力上升,单位叶面肥料的功效降低;喷施宜在拔节期、孕穗期和灌浆期进行.     

微量元素水溶肥料在烟草生产中的应用效果研究

探讨了微量元素水溶肥料在烟草上的叶面喷施效果,与清水对照和空白对照比较,每亩增产烟叶分别为12公斤和17.15公斤,增产率分别为7.14%和10.53%,每亩增加纯收入分别为194.28元和352.07元。实验结果说明,"翠兰春"微量元素水溶肥料在烟草应用上增产效果和经济效益显著,为该肥料的大面积推广应用提供了科学依据。     

微量元素水溶肥料在玉米上的应用效果

在玉米生长过程中进行叶面喷施微量元素水溶肥料田间试验。结果表明:玉米长势好,叶色浓绿,植株生长健壮。与清水对照比较,每亩增产71.6 kg,增产率13.1%;与空白对照比较,每亩增产71.1 kg,增产率13%,每亩新增收入135.5元,经济效益明显。     

含腐植酸水溶肥在芹菜上的应用效果

通过在大棚芹菜上喷施含腐植酸水溶肥的肥效试验表明,在大棚芹菜上喷施含腐植酸水溶肥可以明显改善芹菜生物学性状,提高芹菜的产量和经济效益。叶面喷施含腐植酸水溶肥与同期喷施等量清水比,增加了芹菜的株高、叶柄长、叶柄厚和单株重,每667 m^(2)平均增产141.41 kg,增产率6.96%,产量差异达显著水平。收入净增率达到5.68%,经济效益显著。     

复合微生物发酵型含氨基酸水溶肥料的制备及其在小麦上的应用

介绍一种以复合微生物发酵液为底物制备含氨基酸水溶肥料的方法,并以其在小麦上的应用实例验证其肥效。实验结果表明,在小麦上喷施含氨基酸水溶肥料,对小麦的生育期有一定促进作用,抑制小麦主要病害的扩展和蔓延,提高了小麦的质量和产量。     

微量元素水溶肥料的生产原料及配制方法

介绍配制微量元素(Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn、B、Mo)水溶肥料的原料,以及螯合剂、增效剂的选择和用量,根据农业行业标准NY1428—2010《微量元素水溶肥料》的技术要求举例说明其配制方法。     

柑橘喷施含腐植酸水溶肥料效果试验研究

进行了含腐植酸水溶肥料——农欢（水剂）在柑橘种植中的应用肥效试验,试验结果表明：施用含腐植酸水溶肥料一农欢产品3000毫升／公顷,兑水1500千克／公顷后喷施柑橘,可提高柑橘生物学性状,并可明显增加柑橘产量、提高经济效益,同时获得柑橘34287．9千克／公顷,获得收入33657．9元／公顷。     

柑橘喷施含腐植酸水溶肥料效果试验研究

进行了含腐植酸水溶肥料——农欢（水剂）在柑橘种植中的应用肥效试验,试验结果表明：施用含腐植酸水溶肥料一农欢产品3000毫升／公顷,兑水1500千克／公顷后喷施柑橘,可提高柑橘生物学性状,并可明显增加柑橘产量、提高经济效益,同时获得柑橘34287．9千克／公顷,获得收入33657．9元／公顷。     

中微量元素肥料的生产与应用研究进展

阐述微量元素肥料在农业生产中的重要作用,分析我国中微量元素生产和应用的现状及发展前景.概述中微量元素生产的原料来源及工艺技术.对发展我国中微量元素肥料的生产和应用提出了建议.     

Trace element addition to soil by application of NPK fertilizers

A number of mineral and synthetic commercial fertilizers of different origin were analysed for their contents of As, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn and Zn by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and contributions to soil were calculated.All investigated elements were detectable in each examined sample, with few exceptions (mainly for Bi). The highest element contents were found in fertilizers containing phosphates, followed by those ones involving carbonate rocks in their processing. Synthetic nitrogen fertilizers and potassium sulphate samples showed the lowest amounts of trace elements with some significative exceptions.Supplies of As, Cd, Hg, Sn and Mo by almost all examined samples could influence significantly the average soil contents; Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn additions by phosphate fertilizers should affect only soils with low natural levels; Bi contributions appeared to be the least significative.

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Résumé Un certain nombre de fertilisants commerciaux, minéraux et synthétique ont été analysés pour en déterminer les contenus de As, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn et Zn par spectrophotometrie d'absorption atomique et les apports au terrain ont été calculés.Tous les éléments considérés étaient présents dans chaque échantillon examiné avec des exceptions (surtout pour le Bi). Les contenus les plus élevés ont été observés dans les fertilisants phosphatiques, suivis de ceux dans la préparation desquels entrent des roches calcaires; les fertilisants azotés synthétiques et les échantillons de sulfate potassique contenaient les quantités moins élevées d'élément-trace, bien que avec des exceptions significative.Les contributions de As, Cd, Hg, Sn et Mo apportées par la plupart des échantillons examinés pourraient influencer remarquablement les contenus moyens du terrain; les adjonctions de Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb et Zn par les fertilisants phosphatiques devraient influencer uniquement des terrains à basses quantités naturelles de ces éléments; tandis que les adjonctions de Bi semblaient etre en tout cas les moins significatives.

     

我国中微量元素肥料产业发展现状

根据国家化肥质量监督检验中心(北京)肥料登记信息,我国以中微量元素肥料为主要成分的登记产品已经达到1 352个,共有969家企业生产中微量元素肥料,产地主要在山东等地。目前产品类型以微量元素水溶肥为主,占中微量元素肥料产品总数的92%,并且呈现快速发展趋势。微量元素水溶肥产品98%是复合型,以Zn、Mn、B等组合为主。全国中微量元素肥料涉及到的作物已经达到59种之多,基本覆盖了我国主要作物种类。     

Use of urease inhibitors and urea fertilizers on winter wheat

Phosphoroamide urease inhibitors were evaluated for their ability to increase grain protein and yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) when added to surfaceapplied urea-based fertilizers. Six urease inhibitors [trichloroethyl phosphorodiamidate, diethyl phosphoric triamide, dimethyl phosphoric triamide, N-(diaminophosphinyl)-cyclohexylamine, N-benzyl-N-methyl phosphoric triamide, and phenylphosphorodiamide] were evaluated. Nitrogen treatments were urea prills, urea solution, and ureaammonium nitrate (UAN) solution broadcast and UAN solution band applied. Ammonium sulfate and no N treatments were included as controls. Fertilizer treatments were applied in the fall and spring. Soils were Ryker silt loam (Typic Paleudalf), Rensselaer loam (Typic Argiaquoll), and Avonburg silt loam (Aeric Fragiaqualf).Grain yield was a more responsive indicator of N addition than was grain N content. Urea prills and ammonium sulfate were more effective fertilizers than was UAN solution. UAN was not more effective applied in a band than broadcast. Urease inhibitors did not improve the efficiency of urea fertilizers since NH₃ volatilization did not appear to be a problem following addition of urea fertilizers in spring or fall.Journal Paper No. 10528. This work was supported in part by a grant from Allied Chemical, Solvay, NY 13209.     

氨基酸螯合微肥对小麦喷施的农化试验研究

介绍氨基酸螯合徽肥在小麦上的试验情况,考察不同喷施浓度对小麦的增产效果.结果表明,每公顷喷施750kg稀释50倍的氨基酸螯合徽肥效果好,比对照增产1 3.4%,其它处理也有明显的增产作用.     

有机中微肥的生产及其应用前景

我国中低产田面积占总耕地面积70%以上,其中大部分存在有机质和中微量元素缺乏和肥料利用率低的问题。为防止中微量元素施入土壤后被固定而失效,提出利用废弃资源,生产有机中微肥(如氨基酸、木质素磺酸、腐植酸中微肥等),其生产成本比EDTA螯合中微肥低,并简要介绍了各种有机中微肥的生产工艺过程。只要做到测土施肥,有针对性加入有机中微肥,即可达到提高作物产量、品质,提高肥料利用率,提高土壤肥力的良好效果。     

玻璃微量元素肥料的制备

玻璃微量元素肥料,是以玻璃为主要原料,加人适量的微量元素,经过灼烧成为熔融状态后,发生固相反应,即生成玻璃微量元素肥料。这种肥料的生产,不仅制法简单,成本低廉,而且施肥时用量少,肥效长,很适合我国的实际情况。对目前农业的发展和产量的提高,具有极其深远的意义。     

含中微量元素的有机无机复混肥在防治水稻颖壳不闭合现象上的试验研究

江淮丘陵地区水稻颖壳不闭合现象造成水稻减产,通过田间试验,研究科学施用含有多种中微量元素的有机无机复混肥对防治水稻颖壳不闭合现象的效果。结果表明,与普通复合肥常规施肥方法的处理相比,通过科学施用有机无机复混肥使水稻颖壳不闭合发生率降低26.9～39.4百分点,并在促进水稻有效分蘖、穗粒数方面具有显著效果,水稻增产率为43.8%～66.6%,但在促进株高与穗长方面效果不明显。     

Selenium concentration in spring wheat as influenced by basal application and top dressing of selenium-enriched fertilizers

A multisite field experiment was conducted to study the effect of topdressed Se-enriched Ca(NO₃)₂ (CN) and basal applied NPK on the selenium (Se) concentration in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Selenium was applied either through CN (at the rates of 0, 6.45, and 12.91 g Se ha^–1) or NPK (5.83 g Se ha^–1). Selenium concentration in wheat grains increased consistently with increasing rate of Se-enriched CN or NPK. However, the superiority of Se-enriched CN over NPK in raising the Se concentration in wheat grain depended on location and growth conditions. At the same rate both methods of Se-application were found to be equally effective in raising the Se concentration of wheat grains. The Se concentration of grain was generally higher in the light textured soils than in the medium to heavy textured soils. Without Se application, the Se-concentration in wheat grain was about 16µg kg^–1 which is regarded insufficient to meet the Se requirement for Se in animal and human. Calcium nitrate enriched with 25 mg Se kg^–1 (6.45 g Se ha^–1) increased the Se concentration in wheat grain to a desired level.