SiC纤维表面碳涂层及其SiCf／SiC复合材料性能研究

采用先驱体转化法（PIP）以酚醛和沥青为先驱体在SiC纤维表面涂覆碳层，并制备SiCf／SiC复合材料；优化了两种碳涂层制备工艺；分析了涂层后纤维的表面形貌并测试涂层厚度；研究了两种碳涂层对两种SiC纤维（普通和含铝）及复合材料力学性能的影响。     

C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料表面Si/SiC涂层制备

采用新的泥浆预涂层-反应烧结工艺在C/SiC复合材料表面制备Si/SiC致密涂层,重点研究了原材料、工艺条件对涂层性能的影响;采用XRD分析涂层的组分及晶体结构,采用SEM分析涂层的断口形貌.结果显示,采用MC为胶粘剂、较低的裂解升温速度制备的预涂层性能最好;无Si气氛存在直接高温烧结制备涂层性能差,而在真空环境下、1450～1600℃温度范围高温烧结能够制备出致密的Si/SiC涂层,Si气氛的大量存在是决定涂层性能的关键.     

三维碳化硅/碳化硅陶瓷基编织体复合材料

采用化学气相浸渗法（CVI）,制备出三维Hi-Nicalon SiC/SiC陶瓷基纺织体复合材料,经30hCVI致密化处理后,复合材料的密度达到2．5g.cm^-3。所研制的三维SiC/SiC复合材料不仅具有较高的强度,而且表现出优异的韧性和类似金属材料非灾难性的断裂特征,复合材料的主要功能力学性能指标为：弯曲强度860MPa,断裂位移1．2mm,断裂韧性41．5MPa.m^1/2,断裂功28．1kJ.m^-2,冲击韧性360.0kJ.m^-2。     

PIP法制备Cf／SiC和SiCf／SiC复合材料的研究进展

先驱体浸渍-热解（PIP）法是制备连续纤维增强SiC基陶瓷的主要方法之一。介绍了PIP工艺的特点、对PIP工艺制备G／SiC和SiCJSiC复合材料的工作结果做了统计,概括了PIP工艺优化、填充剂、纤维预处理和表面涂层、低成本制造路线、陶瓷先驱体选择和合成方面的研究进展,分析了现有PIP工艺存在的问题,提出了在现有工艺水平上可以显著提高产品性能和产能的设备设施改进措施,包括建立高等级净化室和浸渍-固化-热解设备-体化。     

三维碳化硅/碳化硅陶瓷基编织体复合材料

采用化学气相浸渗法（ＣＶＩ）,制备出三维Ｈｉ－ＮｉｃａｌｏｎＳｉＣ／ＳｉＣ陶瓷基编织体复合材料．经３０ｈ ＣＶＩ致密化处理后,复合材料的密度达到 ２５９·ｃｍ－３,所研制的三维 ＳｉＣ／ＳｉＣ复合材料不仅具有较高的强度,而且表现出优异的韧性和类似金属材料非灾难性的断裂特征．复合材料的主要力学性能指标为：弯曲强度 ８６０ＭＰａ,断裂位移 １．２ｍｍ,断裂韧性４１．５ＭＰａ·ｍ１／２,断裂功２８．１ｋＪ·ｍ－２,冲击韧性３６．０ｋＪ·ｍ－２．     

裂解碳涂层对碳纤维增强碳化硅复合材料力学性能的影响

采用先驱体裂解－热压烧结方法制备出Cf/SiC复合材料,探讨了裂解碳涂层和烧结温度对复合材料纤维／基体界面和力学性能影响,烧结温度为1800度时,由于其中由富碳界面相构成的纤维／基体界面相使纤维／基体界面结合适中,具有较好的力学性能。     

Design,Fabrication, Characterization and Simulation of PIP-SiC/SiC Composites

Continuous SiC fiber reinforced SiC matrix composites (SiC/SiC) have been studied and developed for high temperature and fusion applications. Polymer impregnation and pyrolysis (PIP) is a conventional technique for fabricating SiC/SiC composites. In this research, KD-1 SiC fibers were employed as reinforcements, a series of coatings such as pyrocarbon (PyC), SiC and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized as interphases, PCS and LPVCS were used as precursors and SiC/SiC composites were prepared via the PIP method. The mechanical properties of the SiC/SiC composites were characterized. Relationship between the interphase shear strength and the fracture toughness of the composites was established. X-ray tomographic scans of the SiC/SiC composites were performed and the closed porosities of the composites were calculated. The compatibility of the SiC/SiC composites with liquid LiPb at 800 °C and 1000 °C was investigated. High-resolution synchrotron X-ray tomography was applied to the SiC/SiC composite and digital volume correlation was employed for Hertzian indentation testing of the SiC/SiC composite. A Cellular Automata integrated with Finite Elements (CAFE) method was developed to account for the effect of microstructure on the fracture behavior of the SiC/SiC composite.     

用碳化稻壳制备碳/碳复合材料的SiC涂层

以碳化稻壳为原料,采用包埋法在C/C复合材料表面制备了SiC涂层.用X衍射仪、扫描电镜及能谱分析仪对SiC涂层晶相、微观形貌及成分进行了分析,并探讨了涂层的形成机理.研究结果表明:所制备的SiC涂层呈网状结构,以β-SiC为主,并含有少量的α-SiC,纯度较高;碳化稻壳中含有的纳米级的SiO2微晶是低温下制备SiC涂层及涂层呈网状结构的主要原因.     

SiCf/SiC复合材料的制备与力学性能

分别采用先驱体裂解-热压和先驱体浸渍-裂解方法制备出了SiCf/SiC复合材料.重点探讨了不同制备工艺对复合材料纤维/基体间界面和断裂行为的影响.研究表明,采用先驱体裂解-热压工艺制备复合材料时,虽然烧结液相可以促进复合材料的致密化,但其同时导致纤维与基体间的界面结合强以及纤维本身性能的退化,因此复合材料表现为脆性断裂,具有较低的力学性能.而采用先驱体浸渍-裂解法制备复合材料时,由于致密化温度较低,复合材料中纤维与基体的界面结合较弱,而且纤维的性能保留率较高,因此,纤维能够较好地发挥补强增韧作用,复合材料具有较好的力学性能,其抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别为703.6MPa和23.1Pa.m1/2.     

X-ray Analysis of Residual Stresses in C/SiC Composites

The residual stress state of C/SiC-composites, which are manufactured by a pyrolytical process is analysed by X-ray diffraction. The residual stress state in the composites results from the superposition of the shrinkage of the matrix material during the pyrolytical process and from effects of the thermal mismatch between fibres and matrix. The dependence of the residual stress state on the fibre coating and the process parameters of the pyrolytical process is determined. Furthermore, the change of the stress state in the samples submitting them to mechanical and thermal loads is analysed.     

SiC/Cu层状复合材料的力学性能研究

采用磁控溅射技术制备了SiC/Cu层状复合材料,研究了Cu层厚度对SiC/Cu层状复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,保持SiC层厚度为0.5μm不变,层状复合材料的断裂能和极限拉伸强度随Cu层厚度的增大先增加后降低,在Cu层厚度为8μm时出现峰值,断裂能和极限拉伸强度分别为2080.3MJ/m~3和565MPa。分析认为,在拉伸过程中金属Cu层发生塑性变形和Cu层拔出是SiC/Cu层状复合材料力学性能增强的主要原因。     

Oxidation and Mechanical Properties of SiC/SiC-MoSi2-ZrBa Coating for Carbon/Carbon Composites

To improve oxidation resistance of carbon/carbon （C/C） composites, a SiC/SiC-MoSi2-ZrB2 double-layer ceramic coating was prepared on C/C composites by two-step pack cementation. The phase compositions and microstructures of as-prepared multilayer coating were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The oxidation resistance at 1773 K and the effect of thermal shock between 1773 K and room temperature on mechanical performance of coated specimens were investigated. The results show that the SiC/SiC-MoSi2-ZrB2 coating exhibits dense structure and is composed of SiC, Si, MoSi2 and ZrB2. It can protect C/C composites from oxidation at 1773 K for more than 510 h with weight loss of 0.5%. The excellent anti-oxidation performance of the coating is due to the formation of SiO2-ZrSiO4 complex glassy film. The coating can also endure the thermal shocks between 1773 K and room temperature for 20 times with residual flexural strength of 86.1%.     

制备工艺对Cf/SiC复合材料力学性能的影响

分别采用先驱体裂解-热压和先驱体浸渍-裂解方法制备出了Cf/SiC复合材料.重点探讨了不同制备工艺对复合材料纤维/基体间界面和力学性能的影响.研究表明,采用先驱体裂解-热压工艺制备复合材料时,由于制备温度较高,复合材料中纤维与基体间的界面结合强,同时纤维本身性能的退化严重,因此复合材料表现为脆性断裂,具有较低的力学性能.而采用先驱体浸渍-裂解法制备复合材料时,由于致密化温度较低,复合材料中纤维与基体的界面结合较弱,而且纤维的性能保留率较高.因此,纤维能够较好地发挥补强增韧作用,复合材料具有较好的力学性能, 其抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别为573.4MPa和17.2 MPa*m1/2.     

W-Mo-Si/SiC Oxidation Protective Coating for Carbon/Carbon Composites

A W-Mo-Si/SiC double-layer oxidation protective coating for carbon/carbon （C/C） composites was prepared by a two-step pack cementation technique. XRD （X-ray diffraction） and SEM （scanning electron microscopy）results show that the coating obtained by the first step pack cementation was a thin inner buffer layer of SiC with some cracks and pores, and a new phase of （WxMo1-x）Si2 appeared after the second step pack cementation. Oxidation test shows that, after oxidation in air at 1773 K for 175 h and thermal cycling between 1773 K and room temperature for 18 times, the weight loss of the W-Mo-Si/SiC coated C/C composites was only 2.06%. The oxidation protective failure of the W-Mo-Si/SiC coating was attributed to the formation of some penetrable cracks in the coating.     

Oxidation and Mechanical Properties of SiC/SiC-MoSi_2-ZrB_2 Coating for Carbon/Carbon Composites

To improve oxidation resistance of carbon/carbon(C/C) composites,a SiC/SiC-MoSi_2-ZrB_2 double-layer ceramic coating was prepared on C/C composites by two-step pack cementation.The phase compositions and microstructures of as-prepared multilayer coating were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.The oxidation resistance at 1773 K and the effect of thermal shock between 1773 K and room temperature on mechanical performance of coated specimens were investigated.The results show that the SiC/SiC-MoSi_2-ZrB_2 coating exhibits dense structure and is composed of SiC,Si,MoSi_2 and ZrB_2·It can protect C/C composites from oxidation at 1773 K for more than 510 h with weight loss of 0.5%.The excellent anti-oxidation performance of the coating is due to the formation of SiO_2-ZrSiO_4 complex glassy film.The coating can also endure the thermal shocks between 1773 K and room temperature for 20 times with residual flexural strength of 86.1%.     

SiC／Al复合材料的摩擦学特征

综合评述了ＳｉＣ（颗粒、晶须）增强铝复合材料摩擦磨损行为，讨论了增强体的几何形状，位向，含量，尺寸和种类以及材料的热处理制度，载荷和滑动速度对磨损行为的影响，对磨损机制的综合分析指出，金属基复合材料中的磨损，主要是磨粒磨损和粘着磨损，而亚表层裂纹的形成和扩展引起的脱层是磨损的本质所在。     

水基浆料涂覆结合原位反应制备Cf/SiC复合材料表面光学涂层

本研究提出一种C_f/SiC复合材料表面改性新方法为水基浆料涂覆结合原位反应烧结工艺。系统研究了SiC和炭黑在水基浆料中的共分散、粘结剂的量和浆料固含量对浆料流变性能的影响、涂层的微观结构和性能等。研究结果表明: 采用水基浆料涂覆工艺可在基材表面制备一层气孔率达49%的多孔C/SiC预涂层; 通过液相渗硅原位反应工艺, 多孔预涂层转变为高致密、与基材强结合的光学涂层, 并且在涂层与基材间形成了~ 15 μm的化学反应过渡层; Si/SiC涂层的维氏硬度为(14.19 ± 0.46) GPa, 断裂韧性为(3.02 ± 0.30) MPa·m^1/2; 经过精细研磨抛光, 涂层的表面粗糙度可达2.97 nm RMS。     

SiC/YAG烧结工艺及铝钇比的研究

为了确定形成YAG（Y3Al5O12)的最佳Al2O3与Y2O3的摩尔比和SiC/YAG陶瓷复合材料的烧结工艺,以Al2O3、Y2O3和SiC为原料,利用机械混合法和无压烧结工艺研究了SiC/YAG陶瓷复合材料的制备工艺参数,并研究了烧结工艺及Al2O3与Y2O3的摩尔比对材料的物相组成、密度、抗弯强度和维氏硬度的影响规律。结果表明,在烧结过程中由于氧化铝的挥发,形成YAG相的铝钇摩尔比并非理论值1.67,而是发生偏离,当烧结工艺为1850℃,30min时,形成YAG相的最佳铝钇摩尔比为1．5,材料的抗弯强度为424.4MPa,维氏硬度为21.3GPa。     

SiCf/SiC复合材料界面相研究进展

分析了连续纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料(CFRCMCs)中界面相类型以及各界面相在CFRCMCs中的作用,综述了热解碳(PyC)、氮化硼(BN)、难熔氧化物以及复合界面相在SiCf/SiC复合材料中的应用现状,最后展望了SiCf/SiC复合材料界面相的发展方向。