提高裂解汽油加氢装置的生产能力

裂解汽油加氢装置、其目的是脱除乙烯裂解副产品（裂解汽油）中的C5‘S、C9^ S以上组分,对中心馏分C6～C8进行加氢。齐鲁30万t/a乙烯装置自1987年5月开车以来,一直存在着加氢与乙烯不匹配、一段反应器催化剂中毒、二段反应器压差上升快等问题。本文分析了故障原因并介绍了改进的措施及如何提高裂解汽油的产量。     

C5组成的气相色谱与质谱分析

C5馏分是石油化工制乙烯的副产品,是一种具有潜在价值的基本原料,随着世界乙烯工业的迅猛发展,C5资源也日趋丰富.因此,加速C5资源的开发利用、发展精细化工产品,是我国石油化工领域面临的一个新课题.由于C5组成复杂,包含许多性质、结构相似的组分,单一的检测手段难以对其进行分析.     

杂醇油的色谱分析及其主要成份分离

本文对大庆３０万吨乙烯化工厂的副产品杂醇油进行常压及减压蒸馏，分离出Ｃ４、辛醛、辛醇及Ｃ８以上组分，确定了主要组分的分离条件。另外，用气相色谱对杂醇油的主要成分作了定性分析。     

乙烯在线

中原乙烯开工建设新项目 最近,年产50kt混合碳四和年产100kt芳烃抽提两个项目同时在中原乙烯开工建设。标志着中原乙烯在副产品综合利用方面迈出了实质性的一步。 中原乙烯原设计能力为年产乙烯140kt。自2000年实现第一轮技术改造后,装置生产能力大幅度提高。2002年生产乙烯186kt,聚乙烯190kt,聚丙烯65kt,同时生产副产品混合碳四50kt,裂解加氢油100kt。     

乙烯副产品碳九的GC/MS分析

乙烯生产过程中产生的裂解副产品碳九是成分较为复杂的混合物,用气相色谱和色谱--质谱联用的方法,对其组分进行鉴定,采用峰面积归一化法得到各组分的峰面积相对百分含量,较好地解决了各种成分的定性和定量问题。     

烯烃歧化制丙烯催化剂专利技术综述

文章针对丁烯的歧化、乙烯和丁烯的歧化两类反应制备丙烯的催化剂进行归纳和阐释,分别从向催化剂活性组分中添加助催化剂或与活性组分形成混合催化剂或对活性组分进行改进和对负载活性组分所用的载体进行改进两方面进行说明。     

CMAD100—67×4磁力泵故障分析与处理措施

一、前言 中石化天津分公司100万t／a乙烯及配套项目新建100万t／a重整抽提装置以新建1000万t／a常减压装置生产的直馏重石脑油、新建180万t／a加氢裂化装置生产的加氢裂化重石脑油和乙烯装置生产的加氢乙烯裂解汽油（C6～C8馏分）为原料，主要生产苯、甲苯、混合二甲苯和高辛烷值汽油调合组分c9＋馏分油，副产重整氢气、C5馏分油、抽余油、液化石油气、燃料气等。     

热聚型石油树脂研究

以乙烯裂解副产物C5馏分经过分离装置处理得到的活性组分双环戊二烯 (DCPD)为原料、与脱环C5馏分和C9馏分混合 ,通过热聚合的方法生产出兼有C5石油树脂性质和C9石油树脂性质的优良树脂。简介了产品生产工艺及热聚方案 ,讨论了反应温度、C9原料以及DCPD含量对热聚型石油树脂的收率、软化点及色相的影响。     

丁辛醇混合气中C2及较轻组分的气相色谱分析

对丁辛醇混合气中氢气、二氧化碳、乙烯、乙炔、氮气、一氧化碳、甲烷等物性较为相近的复杂混合组分进行了详细的研究 ,采用定时切换的方法 ,利用 4根不同的充填色谱柱 ,使各组分达到良好的分离。     

丁辛醇混合气中C_2及较轻组分的气相色谱分析

对丁辛醇混合气中氢气、二氧化碳、乙烯、乙炔、氮气、一氧化碳、甲烷等物性较为相近的复杂混合组分进行了详细的研究,采用定时切换的方法,利用 4根不同的填充色谱柱,使各组分达到良好的分离。     

Effects of the SAPO-11 synthetic process on dehydration of ethanol to ethylene

The effects of the synthetic condition of SAPO-11 molecular sieves on ethanol dehydration to ethylene were studied. Product-compositions, ethanol conversion, and selectivity to ethylene of synthesized and commercial SAPO-11 molecular sieves were compared. Results are as follows: the optimal synthetic conditions for SAPO-11 molecular sieves are adding pseudoboehmite before orthophoshporic, using di-n- propylamine as the template, having a mass fraction of 40% colloidal silica as the silica source and the starting gel obtained, and running at 200°C for 48 h. From the patterns of NH₃-TPD, the amount of acid synthesized by SAPO-11 molecular sieves is less than that by commercial SAPO-11 molecular sieves, and has a stronger weak acid. Also, ethanol conversion and selectivity to ethylene reached 99% at 280°C on synthesized SAPO-11, lower by 20°C compared to commercial SAPO-11. For two SAPO-11 molecular sieves, the by-products in the gas phase are mainly ethane, propane, propene, isobutane, n-butane, propadiene, butylene and some higher hydrocarbons. The by-products in the liquid phase are ethyl ether and acetaldehyde.     

Investigation of the steam reforming of a series of model compounds derived from bio-oil for hydrogen production

In this study, steam reforming of acetic acid, ethylene glycol, acetone, ethyl acetate, m-xylene, and glucose, which were representative of the main components in bio-oil, were performed to investigate the feasibility of these feedstocks for hydrogen production. The effects of reaction temperature and steam to carbon ratios (S/C) on steam reforming as well as coke formation tendency of the bio-oil components in the presence and absence of steam were investigated in a detailed manner. Low reaction temperature and S/C led to low steam reforming efficiency, and consequently decomposition or degradation of the feedstocks dominated, resulting in large amounts of by-products. Increasing reaction temperature and S/C increased the steam reforming rates and the partial pressure of steam on catalyst surface, favoring conversion of the feedstocks and removal of the by-products. Coke formation rates of the feedstocks during the long-term experiments decreased in the following orders: glucose  m-xylene > acetone > ethyl acetate > ethylene glycol > acetic acid. Decomposition or polymerization of the feedstocks to carbonaceous deposit was the main route for coke formation in glucose, m-xylene, and acetone reforming, while the large amounts of by-products such as ethylene, CO, or acetone were main sources of coke in the steam reforming of ethyl acetate, ethylene glycol, and acetic acid.     

依靠技术创新实现我国乙烯工业的有效发展

阐述了世界乙烯工业的发展趋势,论述了我国乙烯工业的发展现状及需求情况,提出了依靠技术创新实现我国乙烯工业有效发展的途径.     

进一步加快我国石油化学工业的发展

阐述了我国乙烯和芳烃工业的发展及现状，提出我国石油化学工业应进一步加快发展乙烯和芳烃工业的战略国策，并对我国２１世纪乙烯及芳烃的需求和乙烯生产能力的增长速度进行了预测，最后探讨了发展我国石油化学工业的若干具体问题和政策措施。     

甲醇与C4烯烃共裂解效应和催化剂稳定性

以改性ZSM-5分子筛为催化剂,在固定床反应器上,以甲醇与C<,4>烯烃共裂解制备乙烯和丙烯.结果表明,共裂解有利于促进乙烯和丙烯的生成,对副产物甲烷和碳氧化合物的生成有明显抑制作用,C<,4>烯烃的转化得到促进,C<,5>以上烃类的含量相对增加.同时,甲醇与C<,4>烯烃共裂解时,由于吸热和放热反应能量上的互补以及C...     

用管式反应技术制备乙二醇乙醚乙酸酯

Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate (EGEA), an excellent solvent, is prepared with ethylene oxide (EO) and ethyl acetate (EA) in a tubular reactor under suitable reaction condition. The single circulation yield can reach 81%. This technology is not only safe but also makes it possible to continuously produce EGEA in industry,with low content of high boiling point by-products.     

重芳烃轻质化与分离研究进展

随着大量的芳烃联合装置、乙烯装置兴建及扩建,以及现代煤化工产业的发展,使得重芳烃的来源变得更加多元化,副产的重质芳烃变得越来越多,而有效地利用这一资源将能极大促进化工行业发展,这在推动国家经济和能源发展方面具有重要的意义。主要梳理了近年来重质芳烃轻质化和重质芳烃分离的工艺方法,阐述了石油基和煤基重质芳烃的利用现状和高值化相关研究,重点介绍了几种成熟的重质芳轻质化和分离工艺,例如:脱烷基、选择加氢开环以及烷基转移等轻质化工艺,萃取精馏、烷基化反应精馏以及吸附等重芳烃分离工艺。虽然重质芳烃分离与轻质化工艺均能提高重质芳烃资源的利用率和附加值,但均存在很多问题,例如轻质化工艺存在转化率低、副产物较多以及催化剂效率低等问题,而重质芳烃分离过程存在分离能耗高、设备投资大、萃取精馏溶剂选择难以及结晶分离收率低等问题,因此2种重芳烃再利用方法均需要在工艺方面进行改进和创新。对此,最后对重质芳烃资源轻质化和分离工艺给予了展望,为重质芳烃资源再利用深入研究提供参考。     

非离子表面活性剂C8—C10脂肪酸甘油酯的合成及应用

本研究是利用制皂过程中分离出的副产物Ｃ８－Ｃ１０混合脂肪酸与甘油酯化后进行氧乙烯化反应，合成一种新型的非离子表面活性剂，并作为纺织助应用于涤纶织物的后整理工艺，提高了织物的吸水性，抗静电性和易去污等性能。     

Thermal stability of some commercial synthetic antioxidants

Synthetic antioxidants are widely applied substances in human food and in animal feed industries. These products, which are mainly derived from phenolic structures, were developed to avoid or retard the oxidative rancidity of fats and oils when added either to raw material or to end-products. Synthetic antioxidants such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), tertiary butylhydroxyquinone (TBHQ), and ethoxyquin (EQ) are frequently applied during the cooking of the by-products (viscera, blood, and feathers) in the poultry feed industry. However, results in terms of oxidative prevention are unequal and usually modest. Because information about the thermal stability of synthetic antioxidants is scarce, we developed a laboratory model that simulates the cooking of poultry by-products to study the effectiveness of BHT, BHA, TBHQ, and EQ. The antioxidants were thermally treated at 100–200°C, over 1 or 2 h. The effectiveness of each antioxidant after the thermal treatment was assessed with the Rancimat test by measuring the modification of the induction period for the oxidation of sardine oil and comparing it to the oxidation kinetics of the oil without added antioxidants. Within our experimental conditions, all antioxidants assayed showed different degrees of thermal instability. BHT and TBHQ were effective as antioxidants at temperatures up to 175°C, exhibiting only 25 to 30% inactivation. However, BHA and EQ were inactivated by 70 and 60%, respectively, at 150°C. Heating time (1 and 2 h) at a given temperature did not significantly modify the behavior of the antioxidants assayed. EQ is the most frequently applied antioxidant to prevent oxidative rancidity in the cooking of poultry by-products. However, according to our results, EQ and BHA, which is another antioxidant frequently used by the poultry industry, are less suitable     

乙烯原料轻质化下的我国合成橡胶发展

乙烯原料轻质化呈全球性发展趋势,致使碳四、碳五和碳六等副产资源趋于减少,将对目前我国以石脑油和加氢裂化尾油等中／重质原料为主的乙烯生产及其下游合成橡胶行业产生影响,由此提出了未来我国合成橡胶行业发展方向的建议。