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1.
Learning through international acquisitions: The process of knowledge acquisition in China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Abstract and Key Results
相似文献
| • | Research on the process of knowledge learning and absorption in acquisition context has emerged recently. Yet relatively less attention has been paid to the process of knowledge transfer and learning and its impact on successful acquisitions. |
| • | This paper adopts a process perspective’ to investigate this issue. Based on four international acquisitions in China, it generates new theoretical propositions as well as practical managerial implications. |
| • | Results reveal the types of knowledge acquired and how it is transferred and learnt to contribute to the success of international acquisitions. The knowledge acquisition and learning process in international context involve three stages: knowledge assessment, knowledge sharing and knowledge assimilation. |
| • | Foreign acquirers tend to acquire complementary knowledge from local targets, adopt dual management structure and facilitate communications with local personnel in order to achieve the success of acquisitions and future operations. |
2.
| • | This paper explores the organizational adjustment in host regions when MNCs switch from their original strategy to a regional strategy. |
| • | MNCs set up sub-regional headquarters (e.g., Greater China sub-regional headquarters) under a regional headquarters (e.g., Asia regional headquarters). A sub-regional headquarters replaces a regional headquarters directly managing subsidiaries within the sub-region. |
| • | The emergence of sub-regional headquarters is in response to the need for a balance between global integration and local responsiveness. An increasing number of decisions are made by sub-regional headquarters, instead of by subsidiaries, a parent, or regional headquarters. |
| • | Industry characteristics and firm’s specific advantages (FSAs) affect the delegation of authority from a parent to regional and sub-regional headquarters. |
3.
Dimitris Manolopoulos Pavlos Dimitratos Stephen Young Spyros Lioukas 《Management International Review》2009,49(1):43-60
| • | The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of two categories of sources of technology on subsidiary performance. These technology sources can be associated either with the internal Multinational Enterprise (MNE) system; or, the local environment in which the subsidiary is based. |
| • | A questionnaire-based survey was carried out on 88 subsidiaries located in Greece and results were derived through the use of ordered probit analysis. |
| • | Internal MNE technology sourcing has a positive impact on subsidiary performance, which is stronger than that of local (Greek) technology sourcing. Contrary to our expectations, technology sourcing linked to the local context primarily has a negative influence on subsidiary performance. |
4.
Abstract and Key Results
相似文献
| • | A two-step modelling strategy is applied to a panel of 5,861 foreign-invested and 7,697 indigenous Chinese firms for the period 1998–2001 to investigate whether export spillovers may represent a mechanism underpinning Dunning’s Trade Development Path hypothesis. |
| • | Such spillovers are found, and the results emphasize the importance of a wide spectrum of spillover channels involving labour mobility, spatial agglomeration, technological imitation and the diffusion of exporting experience. |
| • | Multinational enterprises in China positively affect local Chinese firms’ exports through various spillover channels, and inward FDI brings significant, indirect spillovers. |
5.
Laszlo Tihanyi Robert E. Hoskisson Richard A. Johnson William P. Wan 《Management International Review》2009,49(4):409-431
| • | This paper shows that the role of managerial incentives is highlighted by a relatively complex relationship between technological competence and international diversification. By studying a sample of Standard & Poor’s 500 member firms, we explore the relationships between technological competence, managerial pay, and international diversification. |
| • | Results indicated a curvilinear relationship (an inverted U-shape) between technological competence and international diversification. |
| • | In line with agency theory, contingent pay (stock options and bonuses) was positively related to international diversification. |
| • | Beyond these direct effects, both contingent and non-contingent pay (cash compensation) moderated the relationship between technological competence and international diversification. |
6.
Naveen Kumar Jain Sumit K. Kundu Fred A. Niederman 《Management International Review》2008,48(4):447-461
Abstract and Key Results
相似文献
| • | This conceptual paper examines the dynamics of the offshoring of information technology (IT) service work. It considers this important emerging phenomenon from multiple lenses, especially those of international business theories. |
| • | Research propositions are developed based on the perspectives of home country firms, host nation and the dynamic interactions between the two. Questions for future research are suggested. |
| • | Already established nations in the field get more opportunities than the new entrants to increase their competitiveness from experience-based knowledge gained as a result of the imitative actions of home country firms. |
7.
| • | This paper examines the conditions under which corporate social responsibility (CSR) is related to value creation in the multinational enterprise (MNE). |
| • | Following prior work by Burke and Logsdon (1996), we examine the relationship of centrality, appropriability, proactivity, visibility, and voluntarism to value creation. |
| • | The results of a survey of 111 MNEs in Mexico suggest that centrality, visibility, and voluntarism are related to value creation. |
8.
Roger Strange Igor Filatotchev Yung-chih Lien Jenifer Piesse 《Management International Review》2009,49(4):433-454
| • | This paper examines the FDI location strategies of firms from one of the Asian NIEs (Taiwan) in a rapidly emerging market (China). Although there is a substantial literature on FDI location choice, most studies model the choice as a function of a range of location-specific attributes such as local market size, labour costs etc. Few studies consider the impact of firm-specific characteristics, other than potential country-of-origin effects. |
| • | Yet locations, and especially those in emerging markets where institutions are weak and capital markets are immature, also differ in terms of their risk. Different shareholder constituencies within the parent company will typically have different preferences with regard to risk, and are therefore likely to favour some locations over others. |
| • | We find that the ownership structure of the parent company matters with regard to its FDI location decision and, in particular, that both family and non-family insider shareholders exert influence over the choice of location. |
| • | Furthermore we show that firms’ location and entry mode choices are inter-related, and establish that the extent of their resource commitments in their foreign affiliates leads parent companies to favour locations where the perceived risks are lower. |
| • | Finally we show that the efficacy of firms’ external relational linkages varies according to the strength of the cultural and historic ties between the location of the foreign affiliate and the home country. |
9.
Abstract and Key Results
相似文献
| • | This study discusses the underlying reasons for the variant nature of the relationship between multinationality and firm performance in the context of service firms. |
| • | To date, this line of research has mostly used evidence from manufacturing firms, despite the ever-increasing contribution of service firms to national and global economies. |
| • | We conduct an exploratory study using case analyses of large European retail banks. We argue that the nature of the multinationality-performance relationship for services is moderated by industry characteristics, market-based factors and firm-specific factors. |
| • | We conclude that the shape of the curve depicting the multinationality-performance relationship of retail banks experiences substantial variations on a single case level. |
| • | Our exploratory study of retail banks shows that the multinationality-performance relationship varies significantly depending on banks’ strategic decisions regarding branch network configurations, product portfolios, branding strategies, organizational architecture (HQ-subsidiary relationship), and social networks. Any generalization of the relationship is difficult and prone to error. |
10.
Understanding Decisions to Internationalize by Small and Medium-sized Firms Located in an Emerging Market 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
| • | We examined perceptions differentiating key Colombian decisionmakers in 168 SMEs who decided to either internationalize or remain domestic. An integrative model compares managerial perceptions of competitive, macro-environmental and neo-institutional factors. |
| • | Foreign MNEs in the home market significantly differentiated decisions to internationalize, as well as the presence of internationalizing domestic competitors, anticipated product acceptance, and internationalizing suppliers. |
| • | The lack of findings for some institutional and macro-environmental factors may reflect important contextual features of the Colombian business environment. |
11.
Yoshitaka Yamazaki 《Management International Review》2010,50(1):81-108
| • | This study investigates expatriate adaptation using a sample of Japanese expatriates in the US. For a comprehensive understanding, home managers in Japan and host managers in the US were also used. |
| • | This study is unique in that it examines expatriate adaptation through an analysis of the change of a fit between 12 learning skills and the skills demands. |
| • | The degree of expatriate adaptation increased in accordance with the length of the current overseas assignment tenure in the host country, along with an increase in job satisfaction. |
12.
| • | Both scholars and practitioners have paid much attention to the impact of retaining top-performing knowledge workers on organizational effectiveness. |
| • | This study hypothesizes and analyzes how a bundle of high-commitment human resource practices (HCHRPs) influence affective organizational commitment, a strong predictor of employee turnover, of top performers versus ordinary employees. |
| • | This study suggests that HCHRPs may enable organizations to retain not only ordinary employees but also top performers through their positive impact on employees’ organizational commitment. |
| • | Using a sample of middle level managerial and R&D workers in 11 subsidiaries of a multinational conglomerate located in East Asia, this study showed that a bundle of high commitment human resource practices was positively related to the affective organizational commitment of top performers more than that of lower performers. |
13.
| • | The process of foreign direct investment (FDI) is inherently uncertain as decisions surrounding investments are impacted by fragmented environments which offer contested views as to appropriate actions. |
| • | We propose a multi-level organizing framework of institutional influences on FDI and examine the differential effect of these forces at two points in time: Prior to a first investment and upon subsequent investments. |
| • | We posit that upon initial entry, firms are impacted primarily by coercive host country pressures, industry mimeticism, and internal firm norms. We expect these influences to change on subsequent entries with normative forces having the most salience. |
14.
A new perspective on the regional and global strategies of multinational services firms 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abstract and Key Results
相似文献
| • | We explore the differences in international strategy between multinational enterprises (MNEs) in services and manufacturing, especially in terms of their international diversification, as measured by their sales and asset dispersion. |
| • | Our longitudinal data show that the largest MNEs in services have a much stronger home-region orientation than manufacturing MNEs. Large MNEs in the services sector average 83.9 percent of their sales in their home region, which is significantly higher than large manufacturing firms at 65.6 percent. |
| • | We explore the possible reasons for the relative lack of globalization of services firms. The two main reasons are: the difficulty of adapting separately upstream activities and downstream activities in high distance host environments, and the difficulty of selecting activity locations as a function of supply side criteria. |
| • | We offer a refinement of regional strategy theory applicable to services MNEs. |
15.
L. Vasil’ev D. Nikanpour A. Antukh K. Snelson L. Vasil’ev A. Lebru 《Journal of Engineering Physics and Thermophysics》1999,72(3):572-577
Conclusions The conclusions are summarized as follows:
Finally the advantage of no moving parts makes this cooler/heater attractive for space and domestic applications.
Academic Scientific Complex “A. V. Luikov Institute of Heat and Mass Transfer of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus,”
Minsk. Published in Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 72, No. 3, pp. 595–600, May–June, 1999. 相似文献
| – | • The operation of a new three-salt-carbon chemical heat pump was experimentally verified. |
| – | • A heat output of 1.5 kW was tested with a temperature lift near 100°C with a COP equal to 1.44 without heat recovery. |
| – | • With heat-pipe heat recovery the COP of this system can be increased to 1.62. |
| – | • The efficiency of this heat pump can be increased if for the bottom cycle a condenser and a capillary pumped evaporator are used. |
| – | • To increase the cycle efficiency it is necessary to improve the design of the adsorber, increase the number of salts with different temperature lifts, and use a convective mode for sorbent-bed heating. |
| – | • A four-salt heat pump could potentially be used to increase the COP of the system further, provided other parasitic losses can be reduced. |
16.
The importance of language in international knowledge transfer 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abstract and Key Results
相似文献
| • | In this article, we examine the effects of language on the transfer of knowledge within multinational companies. We unbundle language from the culture box and use the basic communication model to show how language affects all stages. |
| • | We also examine a range of influences — cost, transfer medium, teams, networks, trust, staff movements and motivation — on international knowledge transfer to demonstrate how language effects their operation. |
| • | We develop the concept of language as a “reconfiguration agent” to explain its extensive, pervasive, on-going and system-altering characteristics. |
17.
| • | Analyzing the nature of competitive interaction among multinational firms in the tire industry, we find that the histories of the interactions between particular rivals matter. |
| • | The decision to enter a new foreign market in the era of global consolidation is related to the identities of rivals in the market, characteristics of the firm and the market, and the extent of past competitive interactions with the international pioneering firm. |
| • | Results suggest that, in an oligopolistic environment, aspects of multimarket competition are important to foreign direct investment decisions. |
18.
Abstract and Key Results
相似文献
| • | This paper focuses on the overall themes of the issue to examine the interrelationships between innovation, competition and regulatory change in international business. |
| • | It provides a synthesis by highlighting recent interlinked developments in two contrasting industries dominated by large multinationals — pharmaceuticals and automotives, with specific reference to cars. |
| • | This industry based assessment highlights the technical, economic and regulatory forces that have together changed the business environment, innovation processes and nature of competition in the pharmaceutical and automotive industries. |
19.
| • | Resource dependence theory was used to develop hypotheses on whether keiretsu affiliation, mutual dependence between the automaker core and supplier firms, and internationalization level of the affiliate firm have an effect on its performance. |
| • | The hypotheses were tested on archival data from the entire population of 470 first-tier automobile components suppliers in Japan. |
20.
Marina Papanastassiou 《Management International Review》2009,49(1):5-10
| • | The paper introduces conceptual developments, empirical evidence and public policy considerations with regard to foreign direct investment and multinational enterprises in and from small countries. |
| • | Results emphasize the diversity of small country profiles, support the need for reconsideration of established conceptual frameworks and encourage the development of specialized policy making tools. |