低温等离子体处理挥发性有机物的研究进展

低温等离子体技术在处理挥发性有机物(VOCs),特别是在对空气中低含量的VOCs的处理中,具有独特的作用.概述了低温等离子体降解VOCs的基本原理及等离子体反应器结构;综述了低温等离子体技术以及和催化剂联合作用在处理VOCs中的应用;并讨论了低温等离子体处理VOCs的进一步研究方向及其应用前景.     

低温等离子体氧化技术在废水处理中的应用

低温等离子体氧化法是一种集光、电、化学氧化于一体的新型水处理技术,适用范围广、处理效果好,近年来备受关注.主要阐述了低温等离子体处理废水的基本原理,对现行研究使用的等离子体反应器进行了分类,介绍了低温等离子体技术的国内外研究现状,分析了催化剂在脉冲放电过程中的作用,并探讨了该技术在废水处理中存在的问题以及应用前景.     

纤维材料生态整理新技术——等离子体技术及其应用新进展

简要阐述了等离子体的概念、分类及其与纤维材料的作用原理.等离子技术在纺织工业中的应用,因其效率高、能耗低和适用范围广等优点而成为人们研究的热点.着重介绍了近年来等离子体技术在羊毛、棉、丝和化纤等纤维材料功能化整理中的应用情况,并对其应用前景进行了展望.     

脉冲电晕放电等离子体技术在水体污染控制中的研究现状及前景展望

低温等离子体技术在水处理领域的应用尚处于研究阶段,但因其处理效率高和无二次污染而有着广泛的应用前景,且脉冲电晕放电等离子体技术又是其中处理效果最好的一种,作者从多个角度阐述了脉冲电晕放电等离子体技术在水污染控制中的研究现状,并进行了前景展望.     

等离子体技术在催化剂制备中的应用

等离子体作为一种新技术,在诸多领域有着广阔的应用.综述了等离子体技术在催化剂制备方面的应用,介绍了等离子体技术制备催化剂的方法、装置以及利用等离子体技术制备和再生回收金属、金属氧化物催化剂的研究进展,分析展示了等离子体技术在催化剂制备方面的应用前景.     

等离子体法在烟气脱硫中应用进展

从应用研究角度出发阐述了近年来等离子体技术在烟气脱硫领域中的研究趋向及应用成果,包括等离子体活化处理烟气机理、等离子体与催化剂协同作用进行烟道气脱硫的最新研究进展,并对等离子体脱硫反应机理和实验模型加以讨论,提出了利用等离子体法进行烟气脱硫应用研究中存在的问题及今后的研究方向.     

低温等离子体技术在高分子材料中的应用研究进展

简要介绍了低温等离子体的定义。综述了近年来低温等离子体技术在高分子材料中应用的最新进展,重点介绍了等离子体技术在纤维织物、塑料、多孔材料、生物材料等改性中的研究进展。阐述了等离子体在材料处理中的应用效果如亲水性、拒水性、黏合性、可纺性、染色整理性能、阻燃性、抗静电性等。最后,指出低温等离子体技术目前存在的问题。     

等离子体技术在炸药起爆中的应用研究进展

介绍了爆炸桥丝等离子体技术,主要包括真空中、空气中及水下爆炸桥丝等离子体技术;按照爆炸桥丝式和半导体桥式等离子体产生方式,综述了等离子体技术在炸药起爆中的应用研究进展,比较了不同等离子体起爆方式的优缺点,分析了等离子体起爆炸药机理。指出炸药在等离子体起爆下的研究重点是高能炸药在等离子体直接起爆下的特性研究,以及高能炸药与等离子体相互作用的动力学研究。附参考文献55篇。     

难粘高分子材料的等离子体表面处理研究进展

简要介绍了等离子体表面处理技术的作用原理、分类及特点,综述了等离子体表面处理技术在难粘高分子材料聚乙烯、聚丙烯和聚四氟乙烯的薄膜、纤维以及片材的表面改性中的研究进展,并对等离子体表面处理技术在表面改性研究中的应用及前景做了展望。     

等离子体技术及其在催化领域中的应用

本文介绍了等离子体的特性，发生技术及其在催化剂的制备、再生和改性中的应用。并以甲烷与二氧化碳反应制合成气，甲烷与二氧化碳反应制乙酸及甲烷部分氧化制甲醇，甲烷偶联反应制低碳烃等为例介绍了等离子体技术在催化反应中的应用，分析了等离子体状态下的催化反应机理，从而预测了等离子体技术在催化领域中的应用前景。     

Synthesis and characterization of waterborne polyurethane containing UV absorption group for finishing of cotton fabrics

To improve the ultraviolet resistance and color fastness of the cotton fabrics, a new multifunctional finishing agent of waterborne polyurethane containing UV absorption group (WPUUV) was synthesized and characterized with ¹HNMR and UV spectroscopy. Stability of WPUUV and their finishing performance on cotton fabrics were investigated. Results showed that the various color fastnesses such as the dry and wet rubbing fastnesses, wrinkle recovery angle and softness of the dyeing cotton fabrics were obviously improved by WPUUV, which provided good UV protection function for dyeing cotton fabrics as well.     

Antimicrobial protection of cotton and cotton/polyester fabrics by radiation and thermal treatments. I. Effect of ZnO formulation on the mechanical and dyeing properties

Cotton and cotton/polyester fabrics were treated against microbial attack by applying a formulation based essentially on ZnO under high‐energy radiation and thermal curing. To achieve the homogeneity and the reactivity of the treating formulation, a binder (Impron MTP) and a dispersing agent (Setamol WS) were used with ZnO. The antimicrobial property of the fabrics was evaluated, in terms of mechanical properties, by a soil burial test. Moreover, the effect of antimicrobial finishing on the dyeing properties in terms of color strength was investigated. It was found that the best composition that affords the best antimicrobial protection to cotton fabrics contains 2% ZnO, 2% binder, and 1% dispersing agents. For the cotton/polyester blend, the best results were achieved at the same conditions except the ZnO was 1%. It was found that the treatment under the effect of electron‐beam irradiation is better than that of gamma irradiation and thermal curing. The results showed that when the finishing process was carried out before dyeing with a reactive dye, it affects the color strength rather than performing the finishing after the dyeing process. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1129–1137, 2003     

Dyeing and finishing of cotton fabric in a single bath with reactive dyes and citric acid

Simultaneous dyeing and durable press finishing of cotton fabrics with reactive dyes and citric acid finishing agent was carried out using a pad-dry-cure process. Factors affecting the process, such as the concentration of dye, citric acid, catalyst and alkali, as well as the curing temperature, were investigated. The dyed and finished fabrics were evaluated with respect to colour strength, crease recovery angle, breaking strength and fastness properties.     

Cetylpyridinium chloride cationic finishing improves the dyeing and antibacterial properties of madder dyed cotton

In this work, after cationic pretreatment of cotton fabric with cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), the compound of citric acid (CA) and succinic acid (SUA) were used as crosslinking agents to dye cotton fabrics with natural madder dye to improve the dyeing and antibacterial properties and realise the multifunctional finishing of cotton fabric. The effects of mordant dyeing, CA + SUA crosslinked dyeing, and CPC/CA + SUA crosslinked dyeing on the microstructure and properties of cotton fabrics were compared. The dyeing by the three processes occurred primarily in the amorphous zone of the fibres, and all kept the original crystalline form of the cotton. CA + SUA crosslinked dyeing and CPC/CA + SUA crosslinked dyeing increased the thermal stability of the cotton fabric. CPC/CA + SUA crosslinked dyed cotton obtained excellent dyeing results with the colour depth value (K/S) of 12.3 and rubbing fastness and washing fastness of levels 4–5, and the levelness and dye permeability were acceptable. Furthermore, the antibacterial rate against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reached 99.99%, and the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) reached 50+. Moreover, the wrinkle recovery angle (WRA) increased by 55% compared with raw cotton. This showed that CPC/CA + SUA crosslinked dyed cotton had excellent antibacterial, anti-ultraviolet, and anti-wrinkle performances.     

不同分子量壳聚糖在棉织物染色增深方面的应用研究

通过超声波辅助过氧化氢降解壳聚糖,得到不同分子量的壳聚糖,经其整理的棉织物用活性染料进行染色并测定其染色性能。实验结果表明：壳聚糖分子质量为6．5×10^4、质量分数为0．5％时,增深效果最为明显。     

SUPERCOOL织物与纯棉织物吸水透气性能比较

将SUPERCOOL短纤纱织成纬平针组织,并对织物进行染整处理,测试其基本结构特征参数,用毛细效应法和比利时UCB法来比较SUPERCOOL织物的吸水性能,测试分析其透气性能,并与同纤度纯棉针织物相比较。结果表明:SUPERCOOL织物具有优异的吸水及透气性能。     

Using carbon black nanoparticles to dye the cationic‐modified cotton fabrics

Carbon black (CB) aqueous dispersion was prepared and used to dye the cationic‐modified cotton fabrics through exhaust dyeing process. The effects of CB concentration, CB nanoparticles size, dyeing bath pH, dyeing time and dyeing temperature were investigated. The color yields of dyed fabrics were evaluated on Kubelka‐Munk value K/S. The surface morphologies of cationic modified and nonmodified cotton fabrics were measured by video microscope. The fabrics presented 18.9 of the color yield with the dyeing conditions: the dyeing solution contained 2% o.w.f. CB and dyeing at 80°C for 30 min with pH 13 using a 50 : 1 liquor ratio. The images of the video microscope demonstrated a clear surface profile for the cationic‐modified cotton fabrics dyed with smaller CB particle size solutions. These results indicated that CB nanoparticles were suitable for dyeing the cotton fabrics. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

The Dyeing and Finishing of Circular-knitted Cotton and Cotton Blends

This paper reviews the major recent developments in the field of dyeing and finishing of knitted fabrics and the market and economic forces which have influenced them. These are identified as the fast growing demand for leisure and sports wear, with cotton and cotton blends finding major consumer preference, and the rapid escalation in costs for energy; water, effluent treatment and oil-based dyes and chemicals.     

Low-temperature plasma as the basis for creation of modern textile chemical technologies

The prospects for use of plasma technologies in the textile industry finishing plant in preparation, dyeing, and final finishing of fabrics of different chemical nature are evaluated. It is shown that plasma has the greatest effect on unbleached textile materials due to the important change in their hydrophilicity. Rational schemes of including the stage of plasma activation in finishing of fabrics to increase product quality and economy of manufacture are proposed.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 32–37, November–December, 2004.     

环氧氯丙烷胺化物的合成与应用

介绍了阳离子型的聚环氧氯丙烷胺化物(PECH-amine)的合成及其在硫化染料染色中的应用.合成的PECH1-amine2在碱性条件下对硫化染料染色棉织物进行固色后整理,其湿摩擦牢度能够提高1～1.5级.固色后处理采用浸渍法,处理时间50分钟,温度95℃,氢氧化钠浓度2g/L.