不同管径CNTs/Al2O3-TiO2复合吸波涂层的拉曼光谱特征及吸波性能研究

采用超声共混法制备了不同管径的CNTs/Al2O3-TiO2复合粉末,利用等离子喷涂技术制备了CNTs/Al2O3-TiO2复合涂层,对不同管径的CNTs/Al2O3-TiO2复合粉末和喷涂后的复合吸波涂层进行了拉曼光谱分析,等离子喷涂处理后,CNTs的拉曼光谱特征D峰和G峰强度明显增大,随CNTs管径的增大,复合涂层中CNTs的D峰和G峰的强度比ID/IG值减小,石墨化程度提高。吸波反射率结果显示:涂层厚度为1.0 mm的CNTs/Al2O3-TiO2复合涂层的吸波效果不佳,随着厚度的增加,涂层的吸波性能提高。随管径的增大,涂层厚度为1.5 mm的CNTs/Al2O3-TiO2复合涂层的反射率峰值先减小后增大,小于–5 dB频带宽逐渐减小,小于–10 dB频带宽不断增大,谐振频率向高频移动。涂层厚度增加到2.0 mm,CNTs/Al2O3-TiO2复合涂层的反射率峰值向低频移动。     

C/C复合材料高温长寿命抗氧化复合涂层研究

采用包埋技术在C/C复合材料表面制备SiC-WSi₂/MoSi₂抗氧化复合涂层; 通过恒温氧化实验以及X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜观察及能谱分析, 研究了W、Mo含量对复合涂层微观结构和高温抗氧化性能的影响. 结果表明: 随着包埋粉料中W、Mo含量的增加, 所制备复合涂层的厚度先增加后减小; 含有10.0at％ W和Mo制备的复合涂层具有相对较大的厚度和较为致密的结构, 且WSi₂和MoSi₂含量相对较高; 氧化过程中在涂层表面形成致密和稳定的SiO₂玻璃保护膜; 在1500℃氧化315h后, 带有该涂层的C/C试样仍然没有失重, 且经过18次1500℃←→室温急冷急热后涂层没有开裂和脱落, 说明该涂层具有优异的抗氧化和抗热震性能.     

C/SiO2同轴复合纤维的制备及性能研究

以SiO₂溶胶为壳层,聚丙烯腈(PAN)溶液为芯层,采用同轴静电纺丝法制备了PAN/SiO₂同轴复合纤维. 经过预氧化,炭化处理,得到1μm的C/SiO₂同轴复合纤维. 采用傅立叶红外分析仪(FTIR)、X射线衍射分析仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)表征了同轴纤维结构和纤维截面形貌,表明利用同轴静电纺丝技术在碳纤维上制备了厚度约20nm的SiO₂涂层. 采用网络分析仪研究了同轴复合纤维的吸波性能,纤维质量分数为20％时,同轴复合纤维介电常数实部和虚部均比未涂层碳纤维低. 根据电磁参数采用RAMCAD软件计算了3mm厚材料反射率,在2～18GHz频率范围内,材料的最低反射率达到-17dB,对应的频率为12GHz,<-10dB的带宽为3.3GHz. 热重(DTA-TG)分析表明同轴复合纤维的抗氧化性能较未涂层碳纤维有所提高.     

碳/氧化铝/二氧化硅涂层的介电和吸波性能研究

研究了炭黑或碳纤维填充氧化铝/二氧化硅吸波涂层在X波段范围的介电和吸波性能. 结果表明: 吸波涂层的复介电常数随着炭黑或碳纤维含量的增加而增大. 当吸收剂含量相同时, 填充碳纤维的吸波涂层比填充炭黑的吸波涂层具有更大的复介电常数. 当吸收剂含量大于5wt%时, 吸波涂层的介电常数在低频急剧增加, 且随频率增大而减少, 出现频散效应. 反射率测试结果表明: 吸波涂层的最大吸收峰随涂层厚度的增大向低频移动, 当涂层中炭黑含量为2wt%、厚度为1.8 mm时, 吸波涂层在9.2~12.4 GHz范围内反射率小于-10 dB, 具有较好的吸波效果.     

多壁碳纳米管/环氧有机硅树脂吸波涂层的介电和吸波性能研究

研究了不同直径和含量多壁碳纳米管填充环氧有机硅树脂吸波涂层在2~18GHz频率范围内的介电和吸波性能.可以得到吸波涂层的介电常数随着碳纳米管含量的增加而增大.当碳纳米管含量相同时,吸波涂层介电常数随着碳纳米管直径的增加而增大.当碳纳米管含量大于5wt%时,吸波涂层的介电常数在低频急剧增加,且随频率增大而减少,出现频散效应.反射率测试结果表明:当涂层中多壁碳纳米管含量为10wt%、厚度为2mm时,吸波涂层的最大吸收峰随碳纳米管直径的增大向低频移动.多壁碳纳米管填充环氧有机硅树脂吸波涂层的吸波性能在7~14GHz范围内可达到-10dB,具有较好的吸波效果.     

纳米Si/C/N复相粉体-硅溶胶涂层的介电和吸波性能研究

以硅溶胶为粘结剂,氧化铝为主要填料,纳米Si/C/N复相粉体为吸收剂,制备了一系列不同吸收剂含量的耐高温吸波涂层.结果表明,当氧化铝和硅溶胶的质量分数分别为64.7%和32.3%时,涂层具有很好的耐高温性能.随着纳米Si/C/N复相粉体含量的增加,试样的复介电常数显著提高,尤其是复介电常数的虚部;且随着频率的增大,复介电常数的实部有明显的减小趋势,呈频散效应.当纳米Si/C/N复相粉体的含量为2.92%(质量分数,下同),涂层厚度为1.6mm、1.7mm、1.8mm时,最高吸收峰随着厚度的增加向低频移动,反射率均小于-4dB.     

钡铁氧体/石墨烯/二氧化硅柔性复合材料吸波性能的研究

随着信息化时代的快速发展,各种各样的电子产品也被广泛地应用到生活与工作中,伴随其而来的电磁污染也成为日益严重的问题,具有“薄、轻、宽、强”的吸波材料得到了广泛的关注。采用机械混合法将钡铁氧体(BaFe₁₂O₁₉)、石墨烯（graphene）、二氧化硅（SiO₂）进行混合,制备多元复合吸波剂,以水性聚氨酯为粘结剂,使用流延工艺制备多元复合吸收剂涂层织物,并分析其结构、形貌、机械以及吸波性能。结果表明,所制备的柔性吸波涂层织物在吸波剂配比为0.4(BaFe₁₂O₁₉-graphene)-0.6SiO₂、吸波涂层厚度为1.2 mm时,最小反射损耗达到-14.58 dB,有效吸波带宽为0.94 GHz（12.91～13.58 GHz）,具备涂层薄、吸波强度高、吸收频带宽、质量轻的潜质。     

磁性纳米洋葱碳基复合材料的制备及其吸波性能

采用化学气相沉积法制备了磁性纳米洋葱碳(MCNOs)和多壁纳米碳管(MWCNTs),超声喷雾造粒后制备得到MCNO/MWCNT复合吸波材料。通过XRD、SEM、TEM、Raman及VSM等手段表征所制材料的结构和磁性能,并采用微波矢量网络分析仪对材料的电磁参数进行测试。分别研究了MCNOs、MWCNTs及MCNO/MWCN三者的吸波性能,并探讨了其吸波机理。结果表明,相较于MCNOs和MWCNTs,同等条件下二者复合后在2～18 GHz频率范围内的吸波性能显著提高。微波吸收峰随材料涂层厚度的增加向低频方向移动,当涂层厚度为3.5 mm时,最大峰值可以达到-25.6 dB,在-10 dB以上有效带宽达到2.2 GHz;基于微波介电损耗机制,分析了不同材料在2～18 GHz频率范围内的电磁性能。     

选择表面工艺改性的CIPs涂层及其氧化物的吸波性能

针对吸波涂层氧化腐蚀现象,提出一种基于选择表面的周期结构涂层维修工艺。利用腐蚀法,在以羰基铁粉(CIPs)为吸收剂的吸波涂层表面制备CIPs及其氧化物涂层。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对腐蚀后颗粒的形貌进行了分析。测试了8~18GHz下混合颗粒的复介电常数和复磁导率,并用等效介质理论计算氧化涂层的参数。分析腐蚀和维修工艺对反射损耗(RL)的影响。结果表明:当CIPs涂层表面被氧化时,随着氧化涂层厚度的增加,涂层的吸波性能减弱,反射损耗增量值约为2dB。当涂层厚度为0.8mm时,维修效果不理想,若涂层厚度增加至1mm,且氧化涂层厚度为0.1mm时,维修效果较好,体现为10~18GHz频率范围内的吸波带宽增加,反射损耗相应减小约为2dB。     

铁氧体/石墨复合吸波涂层的微波吸收性能

本文将固相法制备的磁损耗型Ba0.9Sm0.1Co2Fe16O27铁氧体与电损耗型石墨相结合,通过测试两者的电磁参数,采用YRcomputor软件模拟计算了双层复合吸波涂层的反射率。结果表明：铁氧体/石墨复合吸波涂层在2～8 GHz频段有较好的吸波性能;其中,下层为含量80 wt%的Ba0.9Sm0.1Co2Fe16O27,厚度1.5 mm,上层为10 wt%的石墨,厚度1.5 mm时,该复合涂层表现出优良的微波吸收特性,反射率损耗RL〈-10 dB时,带宽约为3 GHz（3.5～6.5 GHz）,最大吸收值约为-27 dB。     

Nano /spl alpha/-Fe/epoxy resin composite absorber coatings fabricated by thermal spraying technique

In this paper, the low temperature high velocity air fuel (LTHVAF) spraying technique was applied to prepare the /spl alpha/-Fe/epoxy resin nanocomposite coatings. The composite powders were mixed with different mass fractions, and the microstructure and reflectivity coefficient of coatings were tested. The results show that the microstructure of coatings is dense and low porosity; nano metal particles are dispersed in the coatings. The coatings are closely combined with substrate. In these coatings, the volume fraction calculated with density, component distribution, properties of metal particle, and coating thickness can affect the microwave absorption ability of the coatings. The reflectance coefficient of 70 mass% nano /spl alpha/-Fe/epoxy resin composite coatings is lower than others. In these nanocompsite absorber coatings, the relationship of the reflectivity coefficient and the coating structure were constructed with permittivity, permeability, and thickness. The optimal mass fraction of absorber coatings is about 0.3. It is analyzed with self-bonding strength and reflectivity coefficient. This means that the change of the coating structure affects the performance of the nanocomposite coatings.     

Dielectric and microwave absorbing properties of low power plasma sprayed Al2O3/Nb composite coatings

Al₂O₃/Nb composite coatings were sprayed on graphite substrates by low power atmospheric plasma spraying (LPAPS) with an internally fed powder torch. The composite particles were agglomerated with different mass fractions by spray-drying technology. The microstructure and dielectric properties of coatings were investigated. The microstructure of composite coatings shows a uniform dispersion of metal particles in the composite coatings. Both the real (?′) and imaginary (?″) parts of the complex permittivity increase with increasing Nb content over the frequency range of 8.2-12.4 GHz, which is ascribed to space charge polarization and conductance loss, respectively. By calculating the microwave-absorption as a single-layer absorber, reflection loss values exceeding −10 dB can be obtained in the frequency range of 10.0-11.8 GHz with 10 wt% Nb content coating when the coating thickness is 1.5 mm.     

Si/C/N纳米粉体的吸波特性研究

采用ＸＲＤ研究了氮原子百分含量为１１．６１%的Ｓｉ/Ｃ/Ｎ纳米粉体的相组成,并测定了粉体介电常数根据介电常数,分别优化设计了单层和双层的吸波徐层,设计的吸波涂层对８~１８ＧＨｚ范围的电磁波有较好的吸收作用．设计厚度为２．７ｍｍ的单层吸波涂层,在８~１５ＧＨｚ范围内反射率＜－５ｄＢ设计厚度为２．８ｍｍ的双层吸波涂层,在８~１８ＧＨｚ频率范围内电磁波的反射率均＜－５ｄＢ,反射率＜－８ｄＢ的频带为６ＧＨｚ．针对纳米粉体的吸波特性,提出了Ｓｉ/Ｃ/Ｎ纳米粉体的吸波机理．     

涂层与镀层复合雷达波吸收性能研究

以纳米铁酸镍钴铁氧体复合Co粉、羰基铁粉等为吸收剂,并采用化学镀层和涂层方法,进行了单层、双层和三层沣涂层的吸波性能实验研究.结果表明:双层复合涂层的吸波性能较单层涂层在低频段有较大的提高;三层复合涂层的吸波性能优于双层复合涂层,三层复合涂层反射率小于-5dB的频宽为4.5～18GHz,较双层涂层提高5.4GHz.其中,镀镍层对提高吸波性能作用明显.     

热喷涂亚稳态复合涂层研究进展

热喷涂亚稳态复合涂层能克服许多亚稳材料不易直接成形的不足,有效发挥非晶、纳米晶和准晶材料的特殊功效.等离子喷涂和高速火焰喷涂亚稳态铁基、镍基、陶瓷粉末制备的涂层质量优异,在热障、耐磨、防腐等领域应用前景广阔,但尚需拓展涂层功能,降低成本.电弧喷涂粉芯丝材制备亚稳态涂层具有成本低、效率高、成分易调节等优势,在大规模高效制备耐磨、防腐、防高温腐蚀与冲蚀涂层方面优势明显,但尚需提高涂层稳定性,开发更多涂层材料体系.目前,我国需要从自动化热喷涂设备开发和新型亚稳态材料体系研究两方面展开深入研究,提高亚稳态喷涂层的组织结构稳定性和性能质量可靠性,使该技术走出实验室面向工业应用,更好地为国家循环经济建设服务.     

热解炭(PyC)/BN复合粉的制备及其吸波性能

以尿素、硼酸和热解炭(PyC)粉为原料, 利用化学转化法, 在1750℃、N₂气氛下反应6 h, 制备了PyC/BN复合粉。采用XRD、XPS、SEM、DTA/TGA对PyC/BN复合粉的物相组成、化学成分、表面形貌及抗氧化性能进行了表征, 并用矢量网络分析仪测试了PyC/BN复合粉在2~18 GHz频段内的吸波性能。结果表明: 生成的h-BN颗粒在PyC粉表面形成包裹层, 其尺寸为几十至几百纳米。相比于PyC粉, PyC/BN复合粉的抗氧化性能明显提高, 在1200℃时其质量仍剩余50%以上, 而PyC粉在940℃时已被氧化完全。同时, 由于波阻抗增大, 电子位移极化、界面极化、多重散射和λ / 4干涉相消作用, 使得PyC/BN复合粉在相同厚度下(d=2 mm), 其反射率峰值达到-27.2 dB, 反射率小于-10 dB的频宽为2.6 GHz; 且随着厚度的增加, 其反射率峰值均小于-10 dB, 并出现多重吸收峰。PyC/BN复合粉可作为理想的轻质、耐高温、强吸收的吸波剂应用于微波领域。     

Preparing of nanostructured Al2O3–TiO2–ZrO2 composite powders and plasma spraying nanostructured composite coating

Nanostructured Al₂O₃–TiO₂–ZrO₂ composite powders for plasma spraying were prepared by spray drying granulation technology. The effects of processing parameters on the microstructure and properties of composite powders were investigated. The results show that with increasing the slurry solid content, the particle size of powders increases, and the bulk density of powders increases, and the flowability of powders increases firstly and then decreases. With increasing the binder content, the particle size of powders increases, and the bulk density of powders increases, and the flowability of powders increases firstly and then decreases. With increasing the spray drying temperature, the particle size of powders increases, and the bulk density and flowability of powders increases firstly and then decreases. The most appropriate spray drying parameters are the slurry solid content of 40 wt.%, the binder content of 2.0 wt.% and the spray drying temperature of 250 °C. The nanostructured composite coating was successfully prepared by using the as-prepared nanostructured Al₂O₃–TiO₂–ZrO₂ composite powders as feedstocks. The nanostructured coating possessed higher hardness and toughness compared with the conventional microstructured one, which was attributed to the use of the nanostructured composite powders feedstocks.     

等离子喷涂纳米ZrO2-8%Y2O3涂层的结构及性能

热障涂层能提高工件的性能,延长其使用寿命,但目前对其厚度0.5 mm以上的研究报道不多.为此,以纳米ZrO2-8%(质量分数)Y2O3粉末(YSZ)为原料,用等离子体喷涂法制备了3种厚度(0.6,0.8,1.2 mm)的热障涂层,并对涂层的结构和性能进行了研究.结果表明:纳米涂层主要由未熔粉末及周围的柱状晶、等轴晶组成,可观察到大量纳米晶,喷涂电流对组织结构的影响远大于喷涂距离;热障涂层结合强度随涂层厚度的增加而降低;涂层隔热性能随涂层厚度的增加而提高,温度越高优势越明显.     

Investigation on the broadband electromagnetic wave absorption properties and mechanism of Co<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript>-nanosheets/reduced-graphene-oxide composite

A cobaltosic-oxide-nanosheets/reduced-graphene-oxide composite (CoNSs@RGO) was successfully prepared as a light-weight broadband electromagnetic wave absorber.The effects of the sample thickness and amount of composite added to paraffin samples on the absorption properties were thoroughly investigated.Due to the nanosheet-like structure of Co3O4,the surface-to-volume ratio of the wave absorption material was very high,resulting in a large enhancement in the absorption properties.The maximum refection loss of the CoNSs@RGO composite was-45.15 dB for a thickness of 3.6 mm,and the best absorption bandwidth with a reflection loss below-10 dB was 7.14 GHz with a thickness of 2.9 mm.In addition,the peaks of microwave absorption shifted towards the low frequency region with increasing thickness of the absorbing coatings.The mechanism of electromagnetic wave absorption was attributed to impedance matching of CoNSs@RGO as well as the dielectric relaxation and polarization of RGO.Compared to previously reported absorbing materials,CoNSs@RGO showed better performance as a lightweight and highly efficient absorbing material for application in the high frequency band.