基于PXI-E的脉冲雷达通用采集记录系统

针对外场条件下脉冲雷达中频回波信号的采集与实时记录问题,提出了一种基于PXI-E架构的通用采集与记录系统的解决方案.该方案采用工业标准化组件,具有模块化、扩展性强等特点,具备了现代雷达中频信号采集记录所需的高采样率、高记录速度以及大容量的特点,且能够满足外场实验所需温度、振动、电磁兼容等可靠性要求.经测试,其持续记录速度可达100 MB/s,并可扩展到250 MB/s.     

基于机器视觉的嵌入式工业在线检测系统

介绍以高速线阵电荷耦合器件(CCD)和数字信号处理器(DSP)为核心的基于机器视觉的工业在线检测系统。该系统由硬件和软件两部分组成,硬件部分包括光学成像模块、图像采集模块、数据处理模块及接口模块,软件部分包括各部分的驱动、系统配置程序、图像预处理和数据处理程序。实验表明,该系统是一套能够满足高速高精度工业在线视觉检测的嵌入式检测系统。     

基于虚拟仪器的脉冲/直流电源检测系统

提出了一种基于虚拟仪器的直流/脉冲检测方案.该方案满足了兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环(HIRFL-CSR)电源测量的高精度等方面特殊要求,与传统仪器如高精度数字示波器等测量手段相比具有强大的数据数据分析与处理能力,可通过更新软件以实现不同的功能满足现场测量的要求,具有很强的灵活性.该方案已应用于实际电源测试中,取得了满意的效果.     

基于CRIO的智能型地铁列车能耗数据采集系统

为了对地铁列车能耗和节能问题进行研究,准确检测到列车牵引和供电系统能耗数据尤为重要。在此需求下,根据地铁列车各电气子系统的特点及能耗数据采集需求,阐述了自启动采集、变频率采样等智能采集关键技术,完成了基于NI CompactRIO采集设备、高精度多元传感器、信号调理箱等硬件和基于FPGA编程技术的软件系统设计,实现了对列车能耗参数的检测。试验结果表明,测试系统计算能耗与车载系统记录能耗值具有良好的一致性,能够实现对能耗参数的变频率采样和数据的自启动采集与存储。基于CRIO的智能型地铁列车能耗数据采集系统采集精度高、功耗低、实用性强,适用于地铁列车能耗数据的采集。     

基于NIOS-Ⅱ的现场校验仪数据采集系统设计

在电能表现场校验仪的设计中,为了解决多路电压、电流高速高精度同步交流采样的问题,设计开发了基于NIOS-Ⅱ的数据采集系统.给出了系统总体结构、A/D转换电路、数字锁相倍频电路和软件设计流程.相对于传统的FPGA实现方案,该设计具有结构简单、性能出色等特点.测试结果表明,该采集系统可以稳定可靠地运行.     

一种执行机构等效装置设计

为了满足航天器桌面散态匹配试验测试需求,研制一种基于PC104总线的执行机构等效装置,详细阐述了等效装置的功能、工作原理、硬件电路设计、软件设计思想,该系统采用模块化、可配置软件架构设计,实现了正常、应急多测试工况一体化设计;应用严格的窗口比较器硬件电路设计技术,实现信号电压幅值的高精度采集,确保输入信号的可靠判定;利用FPGA技术突破信号脉宽高精度采集和信号延时高精度可控等关键技术,该系统实现了输入信号幅值、脉宽的实时采集、存储与显示,并按照事先设定的工作模式及配置参数,完成不同测试工况下输出信号的模拟反馈。试验结果表明,系统稳定可靠,人机界面友好,满足航天器多测试工况控制时序和功能检查需求。     

基于虚拟仪器的压电弯曲元测试系统研制

为满足土力学研究与岩土工程对土体剪切波速高精度测试的要求,基于虚拟仪器技术研制了一种压电弯曲元波速测试系统.该系统硬件主要由弯曲元传感器、功率放大器、电荷放大器、计算机等组成;测试软件采用LabVIEW虚拟仪器平台开发,利用计算机声卡实现了信号的发生、采集功能.该系统构建成本低,测试效率高,已在砂土剪切波速测试中得到了应用.     

感知传感器的高精度高分辨率采集系统设计

随着小型化、高精度、低功耗、智能化感知传感器的快速发展,传统采集系统已无法满足高精度要求.设计一套能够测量感知传感器输出微弱电信号的高精度高分辨率采集系统,该系统选用了CodexM4系列处理器STM32F411与分辨率为24位的串行模数转换芯片AD7714,提出了一种基于改进型滑动平均滤波算法的滤波方案.详细介绍了该系统的软硬件设计方案,最后利用模拟感知传感器进行了原理样机的静态精度测试,测试结果表明,基于感知传感器的高精度高分辨率采集系统能够满足高精度、实时性好、稳定可靠的设计要求.     

多电量参数检测用单片机系统设计

为实现对生产车间日常能源消耗的自动检测和记录,本文介绍了一基于16位单片机的二级分布式检测系统的硬件设计与软件开发.该系统完成了对车间内电压、电流、电度的实时高精度自动检测,并实现了对多个车间多点检测和同步检测.     

基于TIADC的信号采集记录卡

目前的信号采集系统的采样和实时记录速率只有每秒几十兆,远不能满足对信号进行实时、连续、高速、高精度采集记录的需求。针对该问题,设计并实现一种基于时间交错模数转换器的信号采集记录卡,可以实现14位200 MS/s的数据采集,有效的无杂散动态范围超过80 dBc,可实现400 MB/s持续实时的数据记录。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.