一种改进的不限重传次数的HARQ重传方案

为了保证数据在无线衰落信道条件下的可靠传输,产生了联合前向纠错编码(FEC)与自动请求重传(ARQ)的混合ARQ(HARQ)技术。HARQ有多种重传方案,本文针对HARQ的无限次重传方案进行了研究,提出了一种改进的基于RCPT码的HARQ重传方案,并分别与传统RCPT-HARQ方案在瑞利快衰落、慢衰落信道下进行仿真比较,仿真结果显示出改进方案在慢衰落信道条件下获得了更高的通过率。     

基于HARQ的TD-LTE基站性能测试方案

提出了一种基于HARQ(混合自动重传请求)的TD-LTE基站性能测试方案,利用安捷伦基带信号发生器与信道仿真仪N5106A PXB实时接收来自TD-LTE eNB的反馈信号并根据接收到的指令动态调整上行信号的编码冗余因子以达到在各种衰落条件下测试eNB吞吐率的目的.该测试方案可以模拟终端与基站的通信及反馈过程,从而准确测量TD-LTE基站的吞吐率及系统性能.     

一种新型的基于OFDM系统的自适应HARQ方案

基于正交频分复用(OFDM)系统提出一种自适应混合自动重传请求(HARQ)方案,它充分利用发送端获得的信道状态信息对每次重传数据符号进行重组并且采用星座重组方案平均调制符号内各比特间的可靠性差异。仿真分析表明,自适应HARQ方案与星座重组方案相结合大大提高了系统通过率、降低误块率和传输时延。     

一种高效的RC-LDPC编码IR-HARQ方案

针对RC-LDPC码编码的自适应增余型重传(IR-HARQ)系统,构造了码率范围从0.1到0.9,码率间隔为0.1的速率匹配低密度奇偶校验(RC-LDPC)码族,并基于多载波链路预测的互信息(MI)模型,准确预测了系统最少应重传的校验码元数,可以根据每次传输的信道状况采用不同的调制方式,能在很宽的信噪比范围内提高系统信息传输的有效性。     

一种基于信道质量的鲁棒机会频谱接入策略

为了提高分等级网络中次用户通过机会频谱接入获得的有效吞吐率,提出了一种基于信道质量的鲁棒机会频谱接入策略.该策略利用信道质量信息和信道占用信息做出传输决策,使得次用户在信道感知结果为空闲和占用时分别以不同的信道质量门限选择传输机会发起传输,充分利用了信道质量好的传输机会.结合该策略,建立了以对主用户的干扰为约束条件,最大化次用户有效吞吐率的优化问题,并考虑到了信道传播特性统计参数存在不准确估计的情况,对该接入策略的门限进行了鲁棒性设计.仿真结果表明:所提出的鲁棒机会频谱接入策略能够显著提高次用户的有效吞吐率.     

一种自适应调制方案

阐述一种星座图可调的自适应调制方案，并在Beyond ITM-2000的相关参数下进行了性能仿真。该方案能克服移动无线信道时变衰落特性对传输性能的影响，在信道的传输质量满足一定误码率要求的前提下，根据无线信道衰落情况，使调制方式在四相移相键控调制（Quaternary Phase Shift Keying，QPSK）、正交幅度调制（Quadrature Amplitude Modulation，QAM）包括8QAM，16QAM，32QAM，64QAM，128QAM，256QAM之间自如切换。仿真结果表明，该系统方案可以有效地适应无线信道的时变衰落，不但能增加系统平均吞吐量，而且能提高频谱利用率。     

相关衰落信道下的一种层间联合自适应SR-ARQ传输机制

传统自适应传输机制在相关慢衰落信道下有较差的系统性能.针对相关衰落信道,提出了一种层间联合自适应传输机制.利用有限状态马尔可夫链来描述相关衰落信道,同时通过构建一个多状态马尔可夫系统模型来分析系统吞吐性能,并对调制方式和传输分组大小进行优化.另外,推导了系统平均吞吐性能的表达式.仿真结果显示所提出的自适应传输机制在相关衰落信道上能获得更好的系统性能.     

基于IRA码的HARQ的性能分析

混合自动重传请求(Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request,HARQ)技术是保障数据可靠传输最有效的差错控制技术。在本文中,采用不规则重复码(Irregular Repeat Accumulate,IRA)码作为前向纠错码,得出了在AWGN信道下的吞吐率。仿真结果表明,IRA码在HARQ系统中的吞吐率接近turbo码,但译码复杂度远远低于Turbo码。     

移动通信系统HARQ技术的研究

数据通信最初是在有线网上发展起来的,通常要求较大的带宽和较高的传输质量.对于有线连接,数据传输的可靠性是通过重传来实现的.当前一次尝试传输失败时,就要求重传数据分组,这样的传输机制就称之为ARQ(自动请求重传).在无线传输环境下,信道噪声和由于移动性带来的衰落以及其他用户带来的干扰使得信道传输质量很差,所以应该对数据分组加以保护来抑制各种干扰.这种保护主要是采用前向纠错编码(FEC),在分组中传输额外的比特.然而,过多的前向纠错编码会使传输效率变低.因此,一种混合方案HARQ,即ARQ和FEC相结合的方案被提出了.本文对移动通信系统HARQ技术做了详细的研究.     

Nakagami-m水声信道中HARQ的性能分析

水声信道的多径扩展严重、环境噪声高、带宽受限、传输时延大等特点,极大地制约了水声通信系统的可靠性和有效性。以水声信道为研究对象,从理论上分析了Nakagami-m信道衰落模型下基于HARQ的期望吞吐率,并就给定的调制编码方案,给出了链路吞吐率的仿真。仿真结果表明,随着m值的增大,链路的期望吞吐率增大;但是,当m>2时,相同信干噪比条件下链路的吞吐率比较接近。同时,水声信道中节点相对移动速度对链路吞吐率没有显著影响。     

结构半随机LDPC码的递增冗余HARQ方案

提出了结构半随机LDPC码,分析了其在不同码率时,编、译码具有兼容性的特性。介绍了基于结构半随机LDPC码的递增冗余HARQ方案,给出了这种方案的吞吐量性能封闭解。在AWGN信道和Rayleigh衰落信道下,通过仿真将新方案的性能和随机LDPC码的性能进行了比较,结果显示,结构半随机LDPC码的递增冗余HARQ方案性能接近随机LDPC码,但编、译码更简单,参数选择范围更广。     

Throughput Enhancement Through Dynamic Fragmentation in Wireless LANs

Many rate-adaptive MAC protocols have been proposed in the past for wireless local area networks (LANs) to enhance the throughput based on channel information. Most of these protocols are receiver based and employ the RTS/CTS collision avoidance handshake specified in the IEEE 802.11 standard. However, these protocols have not considered the possibility of bursty transmission of fragments in the corresponding rate adaptation schemes. In this article, a rate-adaptive protocol with dynamic fragmentation is proposed to enhance the throughput based on fragment transmission bursts and channel information. Instead of using one fragmentation threshold in the IEEE 802.11 standard, we propose to use multiple thresholds for different data rates so more data can be transmitted at higher data rates when the channel is good. In our proposed scheme, whenever the rate for the next transmission is chosen based on the channel information from the previous fragment transmission, a new fragment is then generated using the fragment threshold for the new rate. In this way, the channel condition can be more effectively used to squeeze more bits into the medium. We evaluate this scheme under a time-correlated fading channel model and show that the proposed scheme achieves much higher throughput than other rate-adaptive protocols.     

Cross-Layer Rate and Power Adaptation Strategies for IR-HARQ Systems over Fading Channels with Memory: A SMDP-Based Approach

Incremental-redundancy hybrid automatic repeatrequest (IR-HARQ) schemes are proposed in several wireless standards for increased throughput-efficiency and greater reliability. We investigate transmit power and modulation order adaptation strategies for the IR-HARQ schemes over correlated Rayleigh fading channels using semi-Markov decision processbased model. In order to jointly analyze physical layer and link layer, transmitter model incorporates a finite-size buffer that receives randomly varying traffic from a higher layer application. It is assumed that channel variations can be modeled with a firstorder Markov chain. We show that the optimal transmission power and rate adaptation laws under buffering delay and packet overflow constraints can be obtained using the framework of semi-Markov decision process. We discuss three different adaptation models for the IR-HARQ schemes and compare their performances with the non-adaptive scheme. It is shown that unique optimal policy exists for each case and it can be computed using linear programming approach. This optimal policy is then applied for realistic channel fading and incoming traffic samples to evaluate its performance for both hard-decision and softdecision decoding. Simulation results in general point out that substantial power savings can be achieved using adaptation and also if the transmission-delay requirements are relaxed.     

Hybrid ARQ with selective combining for fading channels

We propose and analyze a hybrid automatic repeat request (ARQ) with a selective combining scheme using rate-compatible punctured convolutional (RCPC) codes for fading channels. A finite-state Markov channel model is used to represent the Rayleigh fading channels. We show that the hybrid ARQ with selective combining yields better performance than the generalized type-II ARQ scheme for fading channels. Furthermore, simulation results of real-time video time division multiple access (TDMA) transmission system are given. Better video quality can be obtained by our proposed scheme, with a bounded delay. Analytical results of throughput and packet error rate (PER) are compared to the simulated results. Our analysis based on a finite-state Markov channel model, is shown to give good agreement with simulations     

Independent Turbo Coding and Common Interleaving Method among Transmitter Branches Achieving Peak Throughput of 1 Gbps in OFCDM MIMO Multiplexing

This paper proposes a common interleaving method associated with independent channel‐encoding among transmitter antenna branches in orthogonal frequency and code division multiplexing based on multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) multiplexing to achieve an extremely high throughput such as 1 Gbps using a 100 MHz bandwidth. This paper also investigates the average packet error rate performance as a function of the average received signal energy per bit‐to‐background noise power spectrum density ratio (Eb/N0). We found that the loss in the required average received Eb/N0 of the proposed method is only within approximately 0.3 dB in up to a 12‐path Rayleigh fading channel, using 16QAM and Turbo coding with a coding rate of 5/6. We also clarify that even for a large fading correlation among antenna branches, 1 Gbps is still possible by increasing the transmission power. Therefore, the proposed method reduces the processing rate to 1/4 in the turbo decoder with only a slight loss in the required average received Eb/N0.     

Adaptive source rate control for real‐time wireless video transmission

Hybrid ARQ schemes can yield much better throughput and reliability than static FEC schemes for the transmission of data over time-varying wireless channels. However these schemes result in extra delay. They adapt to the varying channel conditions by retransmitting erroneous packets, this causes variable effective data rates for current PCS networks because the channel bandwidth is constant. Hybrid ARQ schemes are currently being proposed as the error control schemes for real-time video transmission. An important issue is how to ensure low delay while taking advantage of the high throughput and reliability that these schemes provide for. In this paper we propose an adaptive source rate control (ASRC) scheme which can work together with the hybrid ARQ error control schemes to achieve efficient transmission of real-time video with low delay and high reliability. The ASRC scheme adjusts the source rate based on the channel conditions, the transport buffer occupancy and the delay constraints. It achieves good video quality by dynamically changing both the number of the forced update (intracoded) macroblocks and the quantization scale used in a frame. The number of the forced update macroblocks used in a frame is first adjusted according to the allocated source rate. This reduces the fluctuation of the quantization scale with the change in the channel conditions during encoding so that the uniformity of the video quality is improved. The simulation results show that the proposed ASRC scheme performs very well for both slow fading and fast fading channels. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Maximum-throughput delivery of SVC-based video over MIMO systems with time-varying channel capacity

In this paper, we present a novel scalable video transmission strategy over multi-input multi-output (MIMO) wireless systems with time-varying channel capacity. It is a great challenge to simultaneously guarantee the QoS for video delivery and maximize the system throughput over time-varying MIMO channel. We demonstrate that, by making full use of estimated channel state information (CSI) through feedback, a cascade of adaptive operations can be designed to satisfy maximum throughput for scalable video over MIMO systems. These operations include power allocation based on water-filling (WF), adaptive channel selection (ACS), and novel throughput maximizing power reallocation (PR). The proposed ACS transmission scheme enables overall increase in data throughput among enhancement layers by adaptively launching base layer bit-stream to proper sub-channel. Then, after initial power allocation with WF and proper adaptive mode selection, we obtain the surplus power across enhancement layer sub-channels which can be reallocated to some sub-channels by the proposed PR scheme. With such power reallocation, certain enhancement layers will be able to reach new level of QAM modulation through PR so as to maximize the system data throughput. We present in this paper some detailed analysis on these adaptive operations. We also present some simulation results to demonstrate that maximum throughput video transmission over MIMO wireless systems indeed can be achieved based on scalable video coding (SVC) and a sequence of appropriately designed adaptive operations.     

An adaptive coding scheme with code combining for mobile radiosystems

The authors propose and study an adaptive error-control coding scheme for binary digital FM (BFM) mobile radio transmission. The scheme employs code combining through packet retransmissions. The number of transmissions of a packet is in proportion to the channel fading/noise levels, which is in contrast to time diversity techniques where a fixed number of repetitions of a data packet is performed even in the absence of channel errors. Furthermore, the receiver uses received signal envelopes as channel state information, which significantly improves the throughput and bit error rate (BER) performance. Performance of the proposed scheme is analyzed for frequency-flat Rayleigh fading channels with additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), co-channel interference and random FM noise