Einfluß von Minorbestandteilen des Unverseifbaren auf die Sterinanalyse

Influence of Minor Components of the Unsaponifiable on Sterol Analysis Often the significance of purification of a sterol mixture by thin layer chromatography before the gaschromatographic investigation has been underestimated with respect to exactness of sterol investigations. Most faults occur by 4-methylsterols and triterpenes. These are also parts of the unsaponifiable and partly they have the same retention times as sterols. During purification of sterols 4-methylsterols and triterpenes are not separated from the unsaponifiable by cartridges, either.     

Einfluß der mechanischen spannung und der temperatur auf die photooxidation von polyethylen

The tensile stress and temperature effects on the Polyethylene photooxidation kinetics have been investigated. Subjects are light stabilized and not stabilized high density Polyethylene films. The tensile stress used were 10% and 20% of the breaking stress. Temperatures of 50°C, 30°C, 5°C were realized in a chamber for an artificial climate with an irradiation source mercury ark lamp type ??PK-2. The duration of exposure was up to 1500h. The oxidation degree has been appreciated by the carbonyl index determined by means of a IR spectrophotometer. It was established that the photooxidation process rate depends on the temperature as well as on the mechanical stress. At the tensile stress used it was found a decrease of the oxidation rate in comparison with the unloaded samples. The mechanical stress influence was stronger when testing unstabilized Polyethylene.     

Verwendung von Futterfetten in der Tierernährung sowie ihr Einfluß auf die Qualität der Schlachtkörper

Use of Feed Fats for Animal Nutrition and their Influence on the Quality of the Slaughtered Bodies For about 40 years fats have become an important feed component in rations of agricultural working animals. An increase of fat use in compound feed up to forty times was noted in the period from 1955 to 1984. But still today there are signs of uncertainty concerning quality assessment and selection of fats for feeding the various working animals. Today the quality of feed fats can be determined by analysis methods which enable a relatively quick assessment. Unfortunately there is no official control so that at last the compound feed factories have to fulfil this task. As fats have in comparison to carbohydrates an energy value which is 2.3 times higher, the energy amount of the compound feed increases by their addition. Thus the improved genetic ability of putting on weight of the working animals can completely be made use of. A greater fattiness of slaughtered bodies is not caused by fat addition in balanced rations. Because of their variety of different fatty acids and above all by their differences in the consistency and oxidation stability fats are of great influence on the performance of the animals and their slaughtered body quality. Depending on the content of polyenic acids and their oxidation degree lower increases of weight and damages in the organism are possible. High amounts of multiple unsaturated fatty acids cause a worse fat consistency in the slaughtered body and the from that produced products. Furthermore the suitability for storage declines by the lacking stability of the polymeres. Higher additions of vitamin E, Selenium or also of technical antioxidants show positive effects.     

Einfluß der Konfiguration der Fettsäuren auf die Eigenschaften von Seife

Effect of Fatty Acid Configuration on the Properties of Soap The effect of configuration of the hydrophobic chain of fatty acids C₁₀–C₁₈ on the properties of their alkali salts was studied. Furthermore, the effect of temperature on critical micelle concentration (CMC) and on alteration of surface tension at CMC, as well as the effect of chain length of the hydrophobic part on CMC were determined. At the same time, the effect of double and cis-trans configuration on CMC was studied. Also the foaming ability of the individual soaps and foam stability as well as the stability of the soaps were investigated.     

Über den Einfluß der Schichtdicke und der Oberflächenrauhigkeit auf die Glanzzahl von Wachsfilmen

Influence of the Thickness of Film and the Roughness of Surface on the Degree of Gloss of Wax Films With the help of a developed isotopic method film thicknesses of wax layers on different floorings were measured. The surface roughness was found out by a special apparatus. It could be shown that the degree of gloss of a wax film with respect to the substrate is also a function of film thickness and surface roughness of the substrate and each of the applied films.     

Einfluß der polymerisationsbedingungen auf die morphologie von schwefel-styrol-polymerisaten

For a polymer system sulfur-styrene containing 10 wt.-% styrene the morphologie depending on the polymerization temperature and time is described. Besides the characteristical orthorhombic phase a monoclinic and a pseudoorthorhombic phase were detected. Moreover amorphous material exists, depending on the polymerisation parameters.     

Einfluß der Agglomeration auf die Filtrierbarkeit von Suspensionen

Influence of agglomeration on the filtering properties of suspensions. In various kinds of filter processes, agglomeration of the particles to be separated is essential for economic operation. Important parameters are the size, porosity, and consistency of the agglomerates, for which a special measuring technique has been developed. The influence of these parameters in various filter processes is described. The physicochemical fundamentals and the chemical engineering of agglomeration in suspension are presented, and the influence of flocculants discussed.     

Einfluß der Gruppenkomponenten auf die Eigenschaften von Estermontanwachsen

Influence of Group Components on the Properties of Montana Ester Waxes The group of wax esters and hydrocarbons was separated from the refined wax R by means of ion exchange on Wofatit SBW and column chromatography on silica gel. A part of the wax acids obtained was esterified with ethyleneglycol. Twenty wax systems having various compositions were prepared from wax acid glycolester and hydrocarbon group components. The wax systems were investigated for drop point, characteristic values, density, electrostatic properties, penetration, flow point, and flow curve. Furthermore, the formation of water emulsions was studied with these wax systems. Relationships between the composition of group components and definite physical and chemical characteristics were established.     

Einfluß von Licht und Tocopherolgehalt auf die Oxidationsstabilität von Fettsäuremethylestern

Influence of light and contents of tocopherols on the oxidative stability of fatty acid methyl esters The oxidative stability of different plant oil based fatty acid methyl esters can be estimated by determining the induction period with the active oxygen method. Measuring the volatile and oil soluble acids for a long period preceding the induction period shows that the values are approaching a certain limit. Even if the esters do not differ dramatically in the composition of fatty acids it is a fact that the different production processes influence the amount of tocopherols significantly. The exclusion of light is more crucial than the exclusion of air when storing plant oil based fatty acid esters.