氟橡胶/丁腈橡胶共混物的相态结构及性能

在六氟异亚丙基二酚(BAF)硫化体系和硫黄硫化体系的交联作用下,采用熔融共混法制备了氟橡胶(FKM)/丁腈橡胶(NBR)共混物,研究了共混物的硫化特性,考察了两组分不同配比对共混物的相态结构、物理机械性能和动态力学性能的影响.结果表明,BAF硫化体系和硫黄硫化体系可使FKM与NBR形成各自独立的交联体系;当FKM/NBR(质量比)为80/20时,共混体系具有最完善的两相共连续形态,共混物的拉伸强度和撕裂强度达到最大值,且只存在1个玻璃化转变温度,其值低于纯FKM.改善了耐低温性能.     

氯醚橡胶/超细全硫化粉末硅橡胶共混物的结构与性能

采用熔融共混工艺制备氯醚橡胶(ECO)/超细全硫化粉末硅橡胶(UFPSiR)共混物,并对共混物的相态结构与性能进行研究.结果表明,UFPSiR在ECO中的分散性较差,粒径为微米级;UFPsiR与ECO的相容性不好,ECO/UFPSiR共混物的物理性能与ECO/硅橡胶共混物差别不大,但耐热氧老化性能较好,加入少量UFPsiR能够显著减小共混物的压缩永久变形.     

超细全硫化粉末丁腈橡胶/二元共聚氯醚橡胶共混物的结构与性能

采用熔融共混工艺制备了超细全硫化粉末丁腈橡胶(UFPNBR)/二元共聚氯醚橡胶(ECO)共混物,研究了共混物的相态结构、动态力学性能、物理机械性能及老化性能,并与丁腈橡胶(NBR)/ECO共混物进行了对比.透射电镜观察表明,在UFPNBR/ECO体系中,UFPNBR为分散相,ECO为连续相;而在NBR/ECO体系中,ECO为分散相,NBR为连续相.动态力学性能分析结果显示在共混质量比不超过50/50时,UFPNBR/ECO共混物只存在1个玻璃化转变温度;当共混质量比超过50/50时分散相尺寸较大,出现2个玻璃化转变温度,而NBR/ECO始终存在2个玻璃化转变温度.加入适量的UFPNBR(不超过50份,质量)能降低UFPNBR/ECO共混物的压缩永久变形.与NBR/ECO共混物相比,UFPNBR/ECO共混物的脆性温度较低,耐老化性能更好,但物理机械性能稍差.     

Morphology,mechanical and viscoelastic properties of nitrile rubber/epoxidized natural rubber blends

A new class of blend membranes from blends of nitrile rubber (NBR) and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) has been prepared and their morphology, miscibility, mechanical, and viscoelastic properties have been studied. The ebonite method was used to study the blend morphology of the membranes. The morphology of the blends indicated a two‐phase structure in which the minor phase is dispersed as domains in the major continuous phase. The performance of NBR/ENR blend membranes has been studied from the mechanical measurements. The viscoelastic behavior of the blends has been analyzed from the dynamic mechanical data. An attempt was made to relate the viscoelastic behavior with the morphology of the blends. Various composite models have been used to predict the experimental viscoelastic data. The area under the linear loss modulus curve was larger than that obtained by theoretical group contribution analysis. The homogeneity of the system was further evaluated by Cole–Cole analysis. Finally, a master curve for the modulus of the blend was generated by applying the time–temperature superposition principle. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1561–1573, 2005     

热塑性橡胶多功能橡胶助剂PDM在橡胶和橡塑并用体系中的应用

介绍了N,N′-间苯撑双马来酰亚胺（PDM）在CSM、EPDM、NR、NBR、CR等胶料中的应用。各项实验结果表明,PDM既可用作硫化剂,也可作为过氧化物硫化体系的助硫化剂,还可以作为防焦剂和增黏剂使用,是一种功能齐全、用途广泛的实用型橡胶助剂。     

Styrene butadiene rubber/reclaimed rubber blends

Cure characteristics and mechanical properties of styrene butadiene rubber reclaimed rubber blends were studied. The blends showed improved processability, as indicated by the minimum torque values. Cure characteristics like minimum torque, (maximum-minimum) torque, cure time and cure rate decreased in the presence of reclaimed rubber. Tensile strength, tear strength, elongation at break were higher for blends. Resilience decreased with reclaim content. Compression set and abrasion loss were higher in the blends.     

Morphology and properties of blends of polypropylene with ethylene-propylene rubber

Great attention has been paid to the toughening of isotactic polypropylene (PP) in recent years in order to make full use of this plastic. This paper presents the results of our study on the compatibility of PP with ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPT), polybutadiene rubber (PB) or styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) through characterization of the blends' morphology, and on. the morphology and properties of binary blends of PP with EPT (EPT/PP) and ternary blends of PP, EPT, and polyethylene (PE) (EPT/PE/PP). Morphological structure of solution blends and the great improvement in low-temperature impact strength and other properties of the mechanical blends have shown the difference among EPT, PB, and SBR in compatibility with PP, the effectiveness of using EPT as PP's toughening agent, and the effect of EPT on EPT/PP blend as both toughening agent and compatibilizer. Addition of EPT to EPT/PP made interesting changes in morphology but no effect on properties was observed.     

Morphology and dynamic mechanical properties of natural rubber/nitrile rubber blends containing trans‐polyoctylene rubber as a compatibilizer

The use of trans‐polyoctylene rubber (TOR) as a compatibilizer for blends of natural rubber (NR) and acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber (NBR) was investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The NR/NBR blends containing varying proportions of TOR were prepared in an internal mixer. AFM micrographs of NR/NBR blend at 50/50 (w/w) composition showed heterogeneous phase morphology with NR as a matrix and NBR as a dispersed phase. Inclusion of TOR in the NR/NBR blend altered the phase morphology by reducing the size of the NBR phase. DMA of NR/NBR/TOR showed reduction in tan δ peak height of NBR and an increase in storage modulus E′ in the rubbery region for the NR/NBR blends. A comparison of the E′ obtained from experimental data with that from theoretical models was made to deduce the location of TOR in the blend. Based on the fittings of calculated and experimental values of E′, it was inferred that TOR was incorporated into the NR phase at lower proportion as well as at the interfacial region at higher proportion. The Cole–Cole plot illustrated the compatibilizing effect of TOR. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

Morphology development and compatibilization effect in nanoclay filled rubber blends

The present work introduces a new method for the characterization of morphology development and kinetics of nanoclay distribution in hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR)/natural rubber (NR) blends based on the measurement of electrical conductance during the mixing process. It was found that the online measurable electrical conductance of rubber-clay mixtures, which is originated from the release of the ionic surfactant from the nanoclay galleries during the mixing process depends on two factors: the phase specific localization of nanoclay and the change of the blend morphology. The former is due to the favorable interaction of nanoclay with one of the blend phases whereas the latter is caused by the compatibilization effect of nanoclay. It became obvious that the presence of clay influences the morphology of the blends drastically; a significant change from the co-continuous phase morphology into an island-matrix morphology was observed in HNBR/NR/clay nanocomposites. Thus, the method of the online conductance promises to be a powerful tool to study the nanoclay dispersion processes and to monitor the quality of rubber-nanoclay composites.     

Morphology and mechanical properties of thermoplastic elastomers from nylon-nitrile rubber blends

Nylon-nitrile rubber blends having different plastic-rubber component ratios (100/0, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60, 30/70, 20/80, and 0/100) were prepared by melt mixing technique in a Rheocord-90 at a temperature set at 180°C. The mixing characteristics of the blends have been analyzed from the rheographs. The morphology of the blend was studied using optical and electron microscopies, with special reference to the effect of blend ratio. The micrographs indicate a two-phase system where the component having lower proportions was found to disperse in the major continuous phase. A cocontinuous morphology was observed for 50/50 composition. Mechanical properties of the blends have been measured according to standard test methods. The effect of blend ratio on the mechanical properties like tensile strength, tear strength, elongation at break, stress-strain behavior, and hardness has been analyzed. The influence of the strain rate on the mechanical properties has also been analyzed. The mechanical properties were found to have a strong dependence on the amount of nylon in the blend. It is found that the blends with higher proportions of nylon have superior mechanical properties. The observed changes in mechanical properties are explained on the basis of the morphology of the blend. Various theoretical models such as Series, Parallel, Halpin-Tsai, and Coran's equations have been used to fit the experimental mechanical data. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

氧化丙烯橡胶与聚四氟乙烯的共混胶

研究了氧化丙烯橡胶与四氟乙烯共混胶的性能.在所研究的弹性体材料中,含20份聚四氟乙烯的橡胶具有最好的综合性能.共混胶可用于制造在严酷气候条件下使用的耐油及耐磨密封件.     

氯丁橡胶/三元乙丙橡胶共混胶的混炼工艺性能

考察了不同共混比的氯丁橡胶(CR)/三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)共混胶料随温度变化的门尼黏度和开炼机混炼特性,并用橡胶加工分析仪研究了不同温度下CR/EPDM共混胶料的黏弹性。结果表明,在60~90℃时,胶料的门尼黏度随温度升高而降低,其中纯CR胶料的下降趋势比纯EPDM和CR/EPDM胶料更为迅速;随着EPDM并用量的增加,CR/EPDM共混胶料的门尼黏度随着温度的升高而降低的趋势减缓;当CR/EPDM为80/20、辊温在75℃以下时,共混胶料处于正常的弹性状态,有利于进行混炼薄通操作;在相同温度下,CR/EPDM共混胶料的弹性模量和弹性黏度随着EPDM并用量的增加而增大;随着EPDM并用量的增加,CR/EPDM共混胶加工性能的改善程度更明显。     

Morphology and properties of NR/EPDM rubber blends filled with small amounts of titania nanoparticles

This article describes the results of an investigation on the influence of titania nanoparticles on the morphology and properties of vulcanized natural rubber (NR)/ethylene‐propylene‐diene monomer (EPDM) blends. The samples were prepared through roll‐milling and melt‐pressing and diphenyl guianidine was used as vulcanization accelerator. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) results show that the titania particles are concentrated in the NR phase, and that the presence of titania in EPDM seems to initiate the formation of crystals in the rubber phase. From the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and tensile testing results it is clear that the presence of titania particles inhibited the vulcanization process in both the investigated rubbers, and that the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were influenced by the interaction between the nanoparticles and the rubber, the reduced vulcanization of the two rubber phases, and the development of crystallinity in EPDM. The thermogravimetric (TGA) results show improved thermal stability of EPDM, and of the EPDM phase in the blend, for the samples containing titania nanoparticles. POLYM. COMPOS., © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers.     

丁腈橡胶/三元乙丙橡胶并用胶的制备及性能

将丁腈橡胶(NBR)与三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)并用,考察了生胶牌号、并用比、并用工艺对NBR/EPDM并用胶性能的影响,并对其耐臭氧及耐油性能进行了分析.结果表明,选用第三单体为亚乙基降冰片烯(即E型)的EPDM可以改善其与NBR的共硫化性能;当门尼黏度相近的NBR与EPDM的并用比(质量比)为70/30,且采用2种生胶先混炼,而后加入各种配合剂的制备工艺,并用胶具有良好的耐臭氧性能及物理机械性能;具有以NBR为连续相、EPDM为分散相结构形态的并用胶有较好的耐油性能与良好的耐臭氧性能.     

氢化丁腈橡胶/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶共混胶的性能(英文)

研究了不同并用比例下氢化丁腈橡胶(HNBR)/乙烯丙烯酸酯橡胶(AEM)共混胶的物理机械性能、耐油性能、耐老化性能及动态力学性能。结果表明,HNBR和AEM具有很好的相容性,并用AEM后改善了HNBR的耐老化性能、抗压缩永久变形和低温性能。     

活性预处理三元乙丙橡胶/天然橡胶并用胶的性能

采用硫载体硫化剂4,4′-二硫化二吗啉(DTDM)对三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)进行活性预处理,研究了活性预处理EPDM/天然橡胶(NR)并用胶的性能,并探讨了活性预处理EPDM对并用胶力学性能影响的机理。结果表明,预处理EPDM/NR并用胶的共硫化程度得到改善,并用硫化胶的力学性能提高;并用硫化胶的耐老化性能优于NR硫化胶,但比未处理EPDM/NR并用硫化胶差;并用胶只存在1个玻璃化温度的转变区,两相的相容性得到改善;在高温动态条件下,EPDM与DTDM发生活性反应,但未生成大量凝胶。     

氯醚橡胶/丁腈橡胶共混物的结构与性能

研究了不同并用比的氯醚橡胶（ECO）／丁腈橡胶（NBR）共混物的相态结构,力学性能,耐老化性能和耐油性能,透射电镜照片显示：ECO／NBR为70／30（质量份,下同）时共混物呈双连续相：为60／40和40／60时ECO都为分散相,且两相界面清晰。加入NBR降低了ECO的拉伸强度和看断伸长率,以及耐热空气老化性能,随着NBR用量的提高,共混物硫化胶在油中的体积变化率增加,ECO／NBR为70／30时硫化胶在100℃热油中的性能保持率最高,而且体积变化率与ECO的相当。     

溴化丁基橡胶/氯化丁基橡胶并用胶的制备及性能

用差示扫描量热仪测定了溴化丁基橡胶/氯化丁基橡胶(BIIR/CIIR)共混胶的玻璃化转变温度,研究了不同并用比(质量比)共混胶的相容性、硫化特性以及力学性能和热稳定性。结果表明,不同并用比的BIIR/CIIR共混胶仅有1个玻璃化转变温度,表明BIIR和CIIR具有良好的相容性;BIIR的焦烧时间比CIIR短,共混胶的焦烧时间介于BIIR和CIIR之间,而正硫化时间比BIIR和CIIR都长;共混硫化胶的拉伸强度、撕裂强度均优于BIIR和CIIR硫化胶,热稳定性与BIIR相当;当BIIR/CIIR的并用比为80/20时,共混硫化胶的综合性能最好。     

超细全硫化粉末丁苯橡胶/三元乙丙橡胶共混物的结构与性能

制备了超细全硫化粉末丁苯橡胶(UFPSBR)/三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)共混物,研究了其硫化特性、相态结构、动态力学性能及物理机械性能。透射电镜观察表明,无论UFPSBR与EPDM共混比如何,UFPSBR粒子始终保持为分散相。当UFPSBR用量为10份(质量)时,它在EPDM中的分散相尺寸为200 nm左右;用量较高时其分散相尺寸较大,存在大量的聚集体。动态力学分析结果显示共混物存在2个玻璃化转变温度,说明共混物存在两相结构。加工性能分析结果表明,UFPSBR粒子在EPDM基质中形成了网络结构,对EPDM基质起到了较好的增强作用,当UFPSBR与EPDM的质量共混比为50/50时,共混物的拉伸强度可达13.4 MPa。UFPSBR对EPDM的硫化特性有明显影响。     

氟橡胶/三元乙丙橡胶并用胶的性能

研究了不同并用比(质量比)时氟橡胶(FKM)/三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)并用胶动态硫化和静态硫化后的低温性能、物理机械性能、耐老化性能和热稳定性,并用扫描电子显微镜表征了并用胶.结果表明,当并用比为30/70时,并用胶有较好的相容性;EPDM可以改善FKM的低温性能;随着EPDM用量的增加,并用胶的拉伸强度及邵尔A硬度降低;动态硫化FKM/EPDM并用胶比静态硫化FKM/EPDM并用胶具有更好的耐老化性能,但老化前前者的拉伸强度稍低于后者;FKM/EPDM并用胶的热稳定性优于纯EPDM;静态硫化FKM/EPDM并用胶中片层现象严重,动态硫化FKM/EPDM并用胶的EPDM包覆在FKM中,但相畴偏大.