浅谈医院等级保护的建设

随着医院业务系统对信息化依赖程度的提高,信息安全影响医院业务系统是否能正常运行,一旦医院的信息系统出现故障,医院将面临巨大损失;同时医院数据中包含大量患者私密信息,如果信息泄露,将对医院和患者造成负面影响。近期医院信息安全事故频发,医院信息安全等级保护已经成为了医院信息化系统建设的重点。     

医院信息系统如何走向病床

随着信息技术不断的发展,医院信息化设施不断完善,医院信息系统已经不仅用于财务部门的收费系统和医院管理系统,目前医院信息系统已经覆盖了整个门诊、病区哒及各大医技部门。医院信息系统事关整个医院的业务过程,在医院运转中的作用越来越不可替代。目前医院信息系统的发展日臻完善,不过有很多还未涉及到的区域。比如现在的医院信息系统大都是为医院的工作人员而设立的,病人能够使用的功能却很少。这就是医院信息系统的一大盲点,医院信息系统应该逐步的面向病人,走向病床。     

浅析医院信息系统(HIS)数据库的维护

如今,医院信息系统即HIS已经成为医院基础设施中的重要组成部分,对于提高医院的工作效率和管理水平有着重要作用。但是,如果医院信息系统出现故障,将会严重影响医院的正常工作,造成经济损失。因此,如何做好医院信息系统的维护工作成为医院需要重视的问题。该文就来分析一下医院信息系统的重要作用和加强医院信息系统数据库维护的措施。     

信息化背景下医院档案管理的现状与对策探究

目前,医院档案数信息化管理已成为社会各界日益关注的热点。医院档案管理是医院管理工作中极其重要的组成部分,对提升医院医务水平和医院发展建设具有十分重要的作用。准确把握医院新时期的发展特点,加强医院档案管理,是医院工作中的一项重要任务。基于此,主要探析了信息化背景下医院档案管理的现状,并提出了针对性改善对策,以期为相关人员提供参考。     

医院信息化的实施对医院建设的作用

医院信息化在医院中对医疗管理、临场工作、医院教学等方面的作用,阐述了医院目前信息化存在的问题和难点。本文从医院信息化实施阐述了对医院管理的作用,指出目前医院信息化管理的难点等。     

医院计算机信息管理系统的维护策略

医院信息管理系统是医院现代化管理的重要手段,当前许多医院使用计算机信息管理系统,利用计算机的数据处理能力,促进医院日常业务的信息管理。医院计算机信息管理系统是医院正常业务工作的工具,能够快速分析处理数据,提高工作效率,有效维护医院计算机信息管理系统,可以提高整体管理水平,使得医院各项活动能够顺利进行。     

网络工程实现医院的信息化管理建设探讨

近些年来医院医疗业务增长迅速,医疗市场竞争日趋激烈,医院面临的环境发生了根本变化,医院的生存发展面临着巨大的压力。随着医疗改革逐步深化,信息化管理逐渐成为医院的核心竞争力。建设网络工程是加强医院信息化管理的基本内容,是提高医院现代化水平、促进医院长远发展建设的根本。本文对网络工程和医院信息化管理的涵义做了简单介绍,结合医院信息化管理的现状,对网络工程实现医院信息化管理建设做了一些探讨。     

万盛区人民医院“能力建设”方案

——医院售皂化技术能促进医院各项改革措施的落实，推动医院改革的深化。信息技术巳日益成为提高医院科学管理水平、医疗服务质量和医疗工作效率的有力手段，加快医院信息化建设是深化医院改革、促进医院发展的必然要求。该院根据实际情况及相关要求，把医院数字化建设作为了其中的一项重要内容。     

县级医院计算机网络建设实践

近几年,随着信息技术的发展,越来越多的医院依靠信息技术解决医院日常业务和管理问题,医院信息化应用技术的普及促进了医院计算机基础网络覆盖面的扩大,网络重要性也越来越突出。各地相继涌现出数字化医院、智慧医院、互联网医院等,虽然县级医院的地域不同,但是对网络的需求具有共通性,笔者试图通过在医院网络建设中的实践,归纳医院计算机网络建设中的相关要素。     

关于信息化建设的体会

医院信息化建设水平已成为体现现代化医院管理水平的主要标志,在医院信息化的进程中,怎样构筑一个科学、合理、安全的医院信息管理系统(HIS)是应当首先考虑的重要问题之一。具体分析医院不同层面对信息化的需求,结合医院实际状况,制定切实可行的医院信息化建设方案及详细的实施措施,是医院信息化建设成功的基础。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.     

Editorial: Special issue on recent advances in hybrid control theory and applications

正The demands of a rapidly advancing technology for faster and more accurate controllers have always had a strong influence on the progress of automatic control theory.In recent years control problems have been arising with increasing frequency in widely different areas,which cannot be addressed using conventional control techniques.The principal reason for this is the fact that a highly competitive economy is forcing systems to operate in regimes where     

Information for Authors

正Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)areedited by the international board of distinguished Chinese andforeign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest devel-opments and achievements in scientific research in China andoverseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulateand promote academic exchange between Chinese and for-eign scientists everywhere.     

Enhancing a leaf radiative transfer model to estimate concentrations and in vivo specific absorption coefficients of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b from single-needle reflectance and transmittance

The relative concentrations of different pigments within a leaf have significant physiological and spectral consequences. Photosynthesis, light use efficiency, mass and energy exchange, and stress response are dependent on relationships among an ensemble of pigments. This ensemble also determines the visible characteristics of a leaf, which can be measured remotely and used to quantify leaf biochemistry and structure. But current remote sensing approaches are limited in their ability to resolve individual pigments. This paper focuses on the incorporation of three pigments—chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total carotenoids—into the LIBERTY leaf radiative transfer model to better understand relationships between leaf biochemical, biophysical, and spectral properties.Pinus ponderosa and Pinus jeffreyi needles were collected from three sites in the California Sierra Nevada. Hemispheric single-leaf visible reflectance and transmittance and concentrations of chlorophylls a and b and total carotenoids of fresh needles were measured. These data were input to the enhanced LIBERTY model to estimate optical and biochemical properties of pine needles. The enhanced model successfully estimated reflectance (RMSE = 0.0255, BIAS = 0.00477, RMS%E = 16.7%), had variable success estimating transmittance (RMSE = 0.0442, BIAS = 0.0294, RMS%E = 181%), and generated very good estimates of carotenoid concentrations (RMSE = 2.48 µg/cm², BIAS = 0.143 µg/cm², RMS%E = 20.4%), good estimates of chlorophyll a concentrations (RMSE = 10.7 µg/cm², BIAS = − 0.992 µg/cm², RMS%E = 21.1%), and fair estimates of chlorophyll b concentrations (RMSE = 7.49 µg/cm², BIAS = − 2.12 µg/cm², RMS%E = 43.7%). Overall root mean squared errors of reflectance, transmittance, and pigment concentration estimates were lower for the three-pigment model than for the single-pigment model. The algorithm to estimate three in vivo specific absorption coefficients is robust, although estimated values are distorted by inconsistencies in model biophysics. The capacity to invert the model from single-leaf reflectance and transmittance was added to the model so it could be coupled with vegetation canopy models to estimate canopy biochemistry from remotely sensed data.     

Mr. Twinn’s bombes

This article discusses the history and design of the special versions of the bombe key-finding machines used by Britain’s Government Code & Cypher School (GC&CS) during World War II to attack the Enigma traffic of the Abwehr (the German military intelligence service). These special bombes were based on the design of their more numerous counterparts used against the traffic of the German armed services, but differed from them in important ways that highlight the adaptability of the British bombe design, and the power and flexibility of the diagonal board. Also discussed are the changes in the Abwehr indicating system that drove the development of these machines, the ingenious ways in which they were used, and some related developments involving the bombes used by the U.S. Navy’s cryptanalytic unit (OP-20-G).