规整填料塔的壁流对分离特性的影响

规整填料塔的壁流对分离特性的影响张志炳１Ｐ．Ｈｉｇｇｉｎｂｏｔｈａｍ２Ｋ．Ｅ．Ｐｏｒｔｅｒ２余国琮３（１南京大学化学化工学院，南京２１００９３）（２ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｈｅｍｉｃａｌＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｉｎｇ＆ＡｐｐｌｉｅｄＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙ，Ａｓ...     

规整填料塔的壁流量计算

推导了板波纹填料塔的壁流量计算方法 ,并探讨填料层分段高度的选择。     

波纹板规整填料塔液体分布

将填料单元处理成立体节点网,根据节点网内网线液流和节点液流各自的运动方式建立了填料单元的液体分布模型.通过将填料与塔壁间的液体交换规范成填料节点网与塔壁节点网间的液量传递建立了填料单元对应塔壁区的流体分布模型.提出了规整填料塔液体分布问题的边界条件.2个描述填料单元及其对应塔壁区液体分布的数学模型与2类边界条件共同构成了波纹板规整填料塔的液体分布模型.采用单纯形法对3个模型参数进行了估计.模型计算结果与实验数据一致,表明模型能合理地描述波纹板规整填料塔的液体分布性能.     

规整填料的气液分布器

讨论了液体分布不均对填料分离性能的影响,并全面介绍规整填料的气液分布器的有关结构和计算（包括若干新型的分布器）,可供设计和企业进行规整填料设计时参考,以确保填料塔正常操作。     

规整填料塔技术在尿素解塔改造中的应用

通过对氨气提法尿素生产工艺的分析和模拟计算,对提出的2套改造方案进行系统比较,确定了最佳改造工艺,节省了投资,简化了操作,使规整填料塔的技术优势得到更大的发挥。     

工业规模板波纹填料床层的液体分布

采用φ480mm,高6 m的工业规模有机玻璃填料塔,以空气-水为实验物系,测试了250 Y型金属孔板波纹填料床层的液体分布.空塔气速和液体喷淋密度的测试范围分别为0.677～2.062m/s和27.37～109.2m3/(m2·h).结果表明,液速和气速的改变均不会对床层液流分布造成较大的影响,而壁流量受塔内气液流动的影响较大.     

填料塔液体分布器的设计

介绍填料塔液体分布器设计中涉及的一些基础知识,内容包括液体分布器的重要性、基本要求、分类和结构概况、孔流和堰流特性、分布质量评价方法。     

填料塔常用的液体分布装置

本文对填料塔常用的液体分布器进行归纳和分类,介绍了它们的特点和适用场合;提供了判断一个分布器分布质量好坏的判据,并对今后液体分布器的发展趋势加以了预测。     

规整填料塔液相混合的研究

本文采用点源脉冲示踪的方法考察了装填２５０ Ｙ 型金属板波纹规整填料的填料塔中的轴向及径向返混。在规整填料塔的顶部注入 Ｋ Ｍｎ Ｏ４ 作为示踪剂,从塔的底部的不同径向位置取样。通过最优化方法计算出轴向返混系数 Ｄｚ 和径向返混系数 Ｄｒ,研究了液相和气相对规整填料的返混的影响,并就液相和气相对返混影响做了初步解释。实验结果表明：径向扩散系数和轴向扩散系数随气速和液体流速的增大而增大。得到轴向和径向混合系数的彼克列数（ Ｐｅｚ , Ｐｅｒ） 与液相和气相的表观雷诺数（ Ｒｅ１ , Ｒｅｇ） 的关联式。     

Experimental studies of liquid flow maldistribution in a random packed column

Liquid flow distribution has been a major concern when scaling up random packed columns. This study concerns the measurements of liquid flow distribution in a large scale column packed with 25.4 mm stainless steel Pall rings. The liquid flow distribution was studied with packed bed height from 0.9 to 3.5 m, liquid flow rate from 2.91 to 6.66 kg/m²·s, and gas flow rate from 0 to 3.0 kg/m²·s. In addition, three systems, water/air, aqueous detergent solution/air and Isopar/air, were used to study the effect of liquid physical properties on liquid flow distribution, and two different liquid distributors were employed to test the effect of liquid distributor design. It was found that liquid flow distribution was strongly influenced by liquid distributor design, packed bed height, gas flow rate and liquid viscosity, slightly influenced by liquid flow rate, but not by liquid surface tension.     

填料塔液体分布器分析

论述液体分布器在填料塔中的重要地位，对液体分布器的基本要求、六种分布器的结构特点进行了分析，介绍了液体分布器的选择方法。     

倾斜状态下的填料塔液体分布性能研究

本文在直径为ф200mm的塔内,装填25mm聚丙烯鲍尔环,以空气-水为介质,研究了在不同倾斜角度下填料高度和气液比率对于塔底液体分布的影响。对于进一步进行非稳状态下填料塔设备的设计开发具有一定理论参考意义。     

Effective diffusivity in a structured packed column: Experimental and Sherwood number correlating study

Mass transfer coefficients along a structured packed column were experimentally determined to obtain a new correlation for dispersed phase Sherwood number based on molecular diffusivity. Then in a comparative investigation, the correlation was re-established based on effective diffusivity. The applied chemical systems were toluene/acetic acid/water (T/A/W) and butyl acetate/acetic acid/water (B/A/W). The effects of droplet size and packing height on experimental Sherwood number were also discussed. It was shown that local Sherwood number could be increased up to 188% with increasing the droplet size from 6 to 9 mm in fixed dispersed phase flow rate. It was also observed that when height of packing increased from 10 to 40 cm, local Sherwood number decreased by almost 48% for constant dispersed phase flow rate. The results have shown that the proposed correlation based on effective diffusivity can estimate the experimental drop Sherwood number with high accuracy (error of less than 5%). Moreover, current research shows that replacing molecular with effective diffusivity in some theoretical models can correct their estimation.     

填料塔气液传质参数研究（Ⅰ）──有效传质面积及容积传质系数

用化学吸收法测定了拉西环填料的有效传质表面积和容积传质系数，并进一步用物理法比较测定了容积传质系数。实验证明，用化学法测得的容积传质系数大于物理法测定值。并得出有效传质表面积及容积传质系数与喷淋密度的关系式。     

Experimental investigation of column efficiency for two ternary systems in a three‐phase packed distillation column

In this work, the effect of vapor load and initial feed concentrations on column efficiency and liquid hold‐up in a two‐ and three‐phase packed distillation column at total reflux was investigated. Results for the two investigated mixtures (n‐heptane, n‐hexane, water) and (ethyl acetate, 1‐butanol, water) reveal that column efficiency remains almost constant for the former mixture but changes significantly for the latter. Specific liquid hold‐up and water to organic‐phase volumetric ratio within the column affect the column efficiency due to variations in initial feed concentrations. Influence of vapor load on separation efficiency and specific liquid hold‐up is also studied.     

填料塔气液传质参数研究（Ⅱ）──气膜传质系数

用拟一级快速化学反应吸收法测定了拉西环填料塔的气膜传质系数，并得出其无因次表达式。     

充填浮选柱正-反浮选胶磷矿工艺研究

通过充填浮选柱浮选胶磷矿的工艺实验,提出了串联操作的正一反浮选流程,得到了较为合适的工艺条件,为生产放大提供了理论依据。     

Hydrodynamics and mass transfer in a pulsed packed column

The hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics of a pulsed packed column (PPC) filled with a stainless steel super mini ring (SMR), ceramic and stainless steel Raschig rings have been studied using a 30% tributyl phosphate‐kerosene (dispersed phase)/acetic acid/water (continuous phase) system. Experiments were performed in a 100 mm internal diameter column with 1.0 m height of packing. The mass transfer and axial mixing parameters were estimated simultaneously from the measured concentration profiles of two‐phase based on the backflow model. It was found that pulsation has great influence on hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics of PPC with the SMR. H_oxp and H_ox decrease significantly with pulsation, whereas flooding velocity decreases only slightly. Comparison among the three types of packing showed that the SMR has superior characteristics both in terms of capacity and mass transfer efficiency. The influence of mass transfer on characteristics of PPC was also studied. New empirical equations of characteristic velocity, H_oxand H_oxd were proposed and good agreement between calculated and experimental data was obtained.