基于编码模式的H.264/AVC视频信息隐藏算法

本文提出一种基于编码模式的H.264/AVC信息隐藏方法,通过调制某些宏块的编码模式,分别在Ⅰ帧、P帧和B帧中嵌入隐秘信息.对帧内4x4预测模式的宏块,是通过调整宏块中某个4×4块的编码模式嵌入隐秘信息;对P帧和B帧其它类型的宏块,则是通过调整宏块的编码模式嵌入隐秘信息,模式调整后对宏块做了优化处理.在模式调制过程中引入率失真代价,取得了较好的率失真平衡,减小了隐秘信息嵌入后对视频质量和视频码流的影响.该算法可以实现隐秘信息的快速提取,满足视频实时处理的要求,实验仿真结果证明了该算法的有效性.     

基于视频数字水印的信息隐藏技术研究

本文提出一种基于视频数字水印的信息隐藏技术.原始信息经过扩频调制之后,生成水印信息;同时,每个视频帧经分块DCT变换之后,嵌入水印位;考虑到含水印视频帧再水印提取过程中的同步问题,在嵌入水印信息的过程中也嵌入了同步模板以抵抗可能的视频帧的几何失真,实验结果表明,本文提出的算法是可行的.     

一种新的面向隔行视频的AVS帧内预测模式

详细介绍了AVS1-P2中的帧内预测和MBAFF技术,提出了一种新的帧内预测模式.通过分析其中的5种亮度帧内预测模式和新帧内预测模式的相关性利用度,证明该模式很好地利用了隔行视频像素的空间分布特点,与原有的预测模式相比,更好地去除了图像块之间的空间相关性.实验表明该模式可以在标清、高清隔行视频的帧内预测上获得平均0.12dB以上的信噪比增益,平均减少1.77%的码流,是一种有效提高编码效率的预测模式.     

H.264帧内预测与帧间块模式选择快速算法

针对H.264帧间预测时的多子块模式选择和帧内预测的多模式选择问题,提出了一种实用的基于统计门限的模式快速选择算法,通过门限设定有效限定了编码模式的选择范围.多组视频序列的实验结果表明,基于统计门限的帧内预测模式选择算法在Ⅰ帧的PSNR值有微小变化的情况下,大大降低了编码时间,Ⅰ帧的编码时间降低17%～23%,PSNR下降不到0.4%.基于统计门限的帧间块模式选择算法使得平均PSNR值下降了0.047dB(PSNR最大下降不到1%),但是相对全模式预测时,编码器速度提高了20%～30%.     

H.264编码模式选择的研究

研究H.264的编码模式选择方案,根据视频序列的时域相关性和空域相关性的关系,模式选择包括帧内预测和帧间预测,帧间预测基于率失真函数,在一帧图像的编码中则可以采用提前终止预测方向的方法降低编码器端的复杂度.     

基于像素评估与运动补偿预测误差扩展的视频水印算法

目的为了解决当前视频水印技术因忽略了视频像素特性与时间的相关性,从而出现嵌入失真和水印容量较低等不足,设计一种基于像素评估和运动补偿预测误差扩展的自适应视频水印算法。方法首先,引入运动补偿预测误差扩展方法,预估每个视频帧的像素灰度值,从而获取其对应的运动补偿预测误差。再依据预测误差,计算像素的运动补偿局部标准差,将整个视频分割为平滑和非平滑子块。依据运动补偿局部标准差,结合像素选择阈值,从平滑块中选择出合适的像素用于嵌入水印。依据评估的水印容量与选择的视频像素,针对不同的像素,设计不同的水印嵌入机制,将水印信息隐藏到视频特定的像素中,通过完成边信息的嵌入,从而输出水印视频。最后,构建水印提取方法,从水印图像中检测出初始水印。结果测试数据显示,与当前视频水印方法相比,所提算法具有更高的水印容量和更低的失真度,其最大水印容量为2 bits,提取水印信息的PSNR值在40 dB以上。结论所提算法具有良好的不可感知性与较低的失真,在版权保护、信息防伪等领域具有一定的应用价值。     

最优扫描下新预测模式的帧内预测算法

提出了一种最优扫描下新预测模式的帧内预测算法.首先利用边缘相关性选取最优的扫描方式,然后通过边缘方向估计和统计概率的联合预处理方法缩减单向预测模式的数量,并通过加权内插模型和哈达马变换值(SATD)确定双向预测模式,最后采用最优扫描方式下所选的预测模式进行编码.仿真结果表明,与双扫描双参考帧内预测(DSM_BIP)算法...     

基于迭代收缩法和三维复数小波的视频压缩传感重构

分析了压缩传感逐帧重构视频信号的不足.针对这种方法的缺点,提出了一种多帧按组重构的压缩传感视频重构算法.在观测阶段对视频帧逐帧进行随机观测,在重构阶段利用视频信号帧内、帧间的相关性,将多帧视频信号看作三维信号,采用迭代收缩法在每步的迭代过程中用残差来更新重构信号,并利用三维变换,如三维双树复数小波变换等对每步选代后的重构信号进行阈值处理.实验结果表明,能通过随机观测值精确的重构原始视频,达到较高的信噪比,说明有效地利用了视频帧问的相关性,消除了逐帧重构时的帧间抖动现像.     

基于Dirichlet过程的无线视频码率变化识别算法

研究了通过对终端视频帧质量的聚类分析来识别无线视频传输中码率变化的方法,以便为无线视频传输过程中视频码率自适应调整提供参考依据.针对经典模糊C均值(FCM)算法和K均值(K-means)算法需要设定聚类数目的问题,提出一种基于荻利克雷过程(DP)的FCM算法——DP-FCM算法.该算法将Dirichlet过程和FCM算法相结合,由视频帧信息权重峰值信噪比(IWPSNR)值使用DP过程混合模型模拟估计出聚类数目,然后进行FCM模糊聚类,通过设定合理的阈值,合并聚类结果相似项,完成视频帧的聚类,从而实现视频传输码率变化的识别.以LIVE视频库为试验数据源,对该算法进行了性能测试.试验结果表明,DP-FCM算法能够在无需设定聚类数目的前提下实现视频传输码率变化的分类识别.     

基于帧间相关性的高动态视频色调映射研究

目前高动态范围视频的色调映射基本采用逐帧处理的方式,效率不高。本文利用视频的帧间相关性,摈弃每帧做色调映射处理,研究讨论了一种新的处理方法。基于颜色直方图提取视频序列的关键帧,将视频序列分组并设置每组参考帧,对参考帧做双边滤波的色调映射处理,将组内每帧图像分块,与参考帧进行块匹配的运动估计,块匹配运动估计采用自适应十字模式搜索法和平均绝对误差匹配准则,利用参考帧中匹配块的信息得到对应的低动态图像,由此避免了对视频序列进行逐帧色调映射处理。通过结构相似性和处理速度两个维度对处理方法进行评估,仿真实验结果表明,与逐帧进行双边滤波压缩处理结果有约89%的结构相似度时,处理速度约有2. 7倍的提高。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.