Social capital in industrial districts: Influence of the strength of ties and density of the network on the sense of belonging to the district

A sense of belonging is a crucial factor determining the identification of the firms in industrial districts. From the social capital perspective, this paper analyses how the structural and relational dimensions of social capital determine a firm's sense of belonging to the industrial district. The study analyses a sample of 213 companies belonging to two Spanish industrial districts. Results of the survey offer an important contribution to the specific literature by finding the explanatory factors with which to distinguish between groups according to their level of embeddedness in the district.     

Local human capital,segregation by skill,and skill‐specific employment growth*

Labour markets in most highly developed countries are marked by rising levels of segregation by skill and increasing inequality in skill‐specific employment prospects. However, analyses on regional employment growth by different skill levels are scarce and empirical evidence on the possible effects of skill segregation is lacking. By applying regional and firm‐level data for West Germany, this analysis provides new evidence for the adverse effects of skill segregation on low‐skilled employment growth. Furthermore, the findings reveal that a large share of local high‐skilled employment does not foster regional concentration of human capital, but ameliorates the employment prospects of less skilled workers. Resumen. Los mercados laborales de los países más desarrollados están marcados por un aumento en las tasas de segregación por cualificaciones y una mayor desigualdad en las perspectivas de empleo de acuerdo a talentos específicos. Sin embargo, han sido pocos los análisis de crecimiento regional del empleo realizados de acuerdo a niveles diferentes de cualificación y escasean las pruebas empíricas sobre los posibles efectos de la segregación por talentos específicos. Mediante la aplicación de datos regionales y a escala de empresa para Alemania Occidental, este análisis aporta nuevas pruebas de los efectos adversos de la segregación por talentos en el crecimiento del empleo de baja cualificación. Además, los resultados revelan que gran parte del empleo local altamente cualificado no fomenta una concentración regional de capital humano, pero mejora las perspectivas de empleo de trabajadores menos cualificados.      

On some conundra in regional science

The paper explores and interprets changes in regional economic structure in the Midwest region of the USA and its influence on regional economic growth over the past three decades. Three, interrelated conundra are examined in the search for explanation of why the economic performance of one particular state (Illinois) has been so anemic over the period 1990–2006.     

新疆人力资本发展的积聚分析及对策

新疆人力资本发展积聚过程中存在的一些问题影响了经济的快速发展。通过分析发现,新疆人力资本存量偏少,增长速度缓慢;人力资本积累的投资力度不足;人才引进效果差,流失严重。对此,提出了要转变观念,加大投资力度,改善人力资本配置等新疆人力资本进一步发展的对策。     

Spatial activity and labour market patterns: A connectivity analysis of commuting flows in Germany

The spatial activity patterns of firms in a multi-regional system are closely connected with the structure and evolution of regional labour markets. Based on an extensive data set (cross-section) on commuting flows in Germany, this paper aims to identify the relationship between entrepreneurial activity and spatial labour markets, by employing in particular the concept of ‘entrepreneurial city’. A network connectivity model is adopted to assess connectivity patterns, using the power-law and exponential law as a statistical test framework, in order to detect the presence of economic activity hubs that may resemble the concept of entrepreneurial cities. Various results are presented and interpreted in the final part of the paper.     

The efficiency of Swedish regional policy

In this paper, I evaluate the efficiency of Swedish regional policy. I analyze the government’s regional policy goals and means as presented in Government Bills 1997/1998:62 and 2001/2002:4. In the light of the literature on where growth occurs as well as the results of the regional policy so far, the realism of the government’s goal of “sustainable economic growth in the whole country” could be questioned. Subsidies to companies in problematic regions have uncertain or even negative effects. The government could therefore eliminate these subsidies and replace them with venture capital loans. It could also stop its subsidies to municipal housing companies for shutting down apartments. The positive effects of the government’s tax and subsidy system for the municipalities, motivated by its distribution goal, come at the price of negative effects on incentives for a high national rate of growth. The government could replace this system with extended general subsidies. Investments in transportation projects that do not show a net benefit, such as the large Bothnia Railway in northern Sweden should be reconsidered. However, I find significant and systematic evidence that the government’s investments in regional colleges, particularly in research, have been successful.     

New trajectories in urban regeneration processes: Cultural capital as source of human and social capital accumulation – Evidence from the case of Tohu in Montreal

Throughout the late 20th and early 21st Centuries, culture has gained increasing importance in strategies designed to deal with new trajectories of urban areas. Post-industrial cities seek to revive former industrial, contaminated and waterfront sites and their city centers, as they are aiming to establish themselves in the new arena of the global market place.     

基于终身学习的企业智力资本增值研究

知识经济时代,智力资本越来越凸显其价值所在,作为经济增长的第三要素,智力资本增值的过程也是组织及其成员努力学习的过程。该文在对智力资本构成及其终生学习关系进行探讨的基础上,着重研究了如何从人力资源管理、企业文化建设和沟通管理3个方面开展终生学习,以实现企业智力资本的增值。     

全球资本体系视角下的中国城市层级体系

在经济全球化进程中,国家城市体系和全球资本体系的关联性趋于显著.从全球资本体系的视角,考察中国城市层级体系的基本特征.研究发现,基于全球资本支配和基于全球资本服务的中国城市层级体系并不完全一致.以福布斯2000中国上榜企业总部为表征,全球资本支配视角下的中国城市层级体系呈现特定的国家制度语境;以GaWC 175境外公司分支机构为表征,全球资本服务视角下的中国城市层级体系遵循普遍的市场经济规律.尽管如此,国家中心城市和以其为核心的国家级城市群均占据主导地位.以全球资本服务视角为主和以全球资本支配视角为辅,可以将中国城市群划分为四个层级,第一层级是能级最高的国家级城市群,其它三个层级包括能级较高、能级一般和能级较低的区域性城市群.值得关注的是,能级最高的国家级城市群和能级较高的区域生城市群均位于沿海发展带或长江发展带,形成T形分布格局.     

The role of universities in regional development Endogenous human capital and growth in a two-region model

This paper proposes a dynamic two-region model with human capital accumulation. This economic system is assumed to produce two commodities – one in each region. The only university in the economy which carries out higher education (=teaching) is located in region 1. The model describes the dynamic interdependence between human capital accumulation, regional division of labour, the spatial price structure under perfect economic competition, and the government intervention in higher education. Thus the analysis examines how differences in human capital improvements and environmental conditions between the two regions affect the economic geography. Received: October 1998/Accepted: April 2000     

Game of capitals: Production of influential online architecture

The grassroots can become an online influencer with the help of social media. Similarly, an online influencer mode is applicable in the architecture field. This study introduces the term “influential online architecture” (IOA) and aims to understand the cause and promotion of the IOA phenomenon and its impact on architecture. This research also introduces Bourdieu's four forms of capital, namely, economic, cultural, social, and symbolic capitals, as a framework to argue that IOA is promoted by capitals through visual spectacles, class divisions, national identity, and social recognition. The methodology of this research uses case studies and logical argumentation through presentation and analysis of photos, statistical data, and comments from journals, books, news, and social platforms. The current study concludes that the online influencer mode in architecture should be concerned because the overemphasis on capitals through the production of IOA may erode the design field. This research argues that a well-established architecture criticism and post-occupancy evaluation system and a rational online influencer mode would contribute to the development of the design domain.     

煤炭企业资金管理方式初探

对目前煤矿企业资金管理中存在的问题进行了分析,提出了加强煤炭企业资金管理的具体措施,以全面提升企业的经营管理水平,保证企业资金的良性循环。     

关于现代人力资本的思考

论述了人力资本的含义,重点对晋商的"身股制"进行了介绍,结合晋商"身股制"对现代人力资本进行了探讨,阐明了要使人力资本充分有效地发挥作用,需要有严格的制约机制和激励机制配合,才能最终实现"人尽其才"的理想境界.