非均质焊接接头裂纹尖端场的HRR主导性与J积分断裂判据

采用反射式贴片云纹干涉法对焊接接头裂纹尖端位移场了测量,并考察了非均质焊接接头中的ＨＲＲ主导有效性与Ｊ积分断裂判据的应用可行性,结果表明,至少对于本文所研究的情形而言,无论是Ａ５３７钢采用ＬＢ５２ＮＳ焊条施焊的高匹配接头,还是９％Ｎｉ钢,采用ＯＫ６９．４５焊条施焊的低匹配接头,横向位移场中ＨＲＲ主导失效,而纵向位移场中ｌｇｖ－ｌｇｒ的线性关系不同于焊缝或母绪的１／（ｎ＋１）。因此,在非均质焊接接头     

高组配焊接接头表面裂纹J积分试验研究

实际构件中大量存在着半穿型的焊接表面裂纹,对于这种力学性能不均匀三维裂纹体的弹塑性断裂力学参量的探讨还比较缺乏,利用Ｊ积分直接测试方法以及适当的理论弹性修正,对存在不同组配比的高组配焊接接头焊缝区的三维表面裂纹的Ｊ积分进行试验研究,着重讨论了接头组配比对焊接接头试样加载过程中裂纹扩展驱动力（Ｊ积分、裂纹嘴张开位移ＣＭＯＤ）、应变沿积分路径分布的影响。结果表明,焊接接头试样上应变的分布趋势取决于裂纹     

一种针对低匹配焊接接头的"等承载"设计方法

为提高高强钢低匹配接头承载能力,提出了低匹配接头与母材具有相等的静载承载能力和疲劳抗力的"等承载能力"(ELCC)概念.从安全性角度出发,焊接结构必须同时具有足够的强度和应力松弛能力,而强度失配接头的断裂模式类型能够同时反映接头的强度、塑性变形能力以及焊缝与母材之间塑性变形的非均匀程度.母材先于焊缝发生塑性变形的全面屈...     

Microstructure and high-temperature mechanical properties of laser beam welded TC4/TA15 dissimilar titanium alloy joints

The microstructure evolution and high-temperature mechanical properties of laser beam welded TC4/TA15 dissimilar titanium alloy joints under different welding parameters were studied. The results show that the weld fusion zone of TC4/TA15 dissimilar welded joints consists of coarsened β columnar crystals that contain mainly acicular α′ martensite. The heat affected zone is composed of the initial α phase and the transformed β structure, and the width of heat affected zone on the TA15 side is narrower than that on the TC4 side. With increasing temperature, the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the TC4/TA15 dissimilar welded joints decrease and the highest plastic deformation is obtained at 800 °C. The tensile strength of the dissimilar joints with different welding parameters and base material satisfies the following relation (from high to low): TA15 base material > dissimilar joints > TC4 base material. The microhardness of a cross-section of the TC4/TA15 dissimilar joints reaches a maximum at the centre of the weld and is reduced globally after heat treatment, but the microhardness distribution is not changed. An elevated temperature tensile fracture of the dissimilar joints is located on the side of the TC4 base material. Necking occurs during the tensile tests and the fracture characteristics are typical when ductility is present in the material.     

热处理对TC17(α+β)/TC17(β)线性摩擦焊接头组织及力学性能的影响

针对热处理前后TC17(α+β)/TC17(β)钛合金线性摩擦焊接头组织和性能进行了对比分析. 结果表明,焊态时焊缝区组织发生动态回复和再结晶,两侧的热力影响区组织均被不同程度地拉长,热处理后焊缝中的亚稳相分解析出弥散的α和β相,TC17(α+β)侧热力影响区的初生α相有所长大. 焊态接头焊缝区显微硬度比母材低,接头的抗拉强度和屈服强度略低于母材,分别达到母材的91.9%,96.2%,接头拉伸性能试件断裂位置均在焊缝区;经过热处理,母材显微硬度未发生明显变化,焊缝区显微硬度显著提高,接头抗拉强度和屈服强度达到与母材相当,与焊态相比分别提高11.9%,8.2%,接头拉伸性能试件断于母材区.     

Incoloy 825镍基高温合金电子束焊工艺及接头组织与力学性能分析

采用电子束焊,对空冷器管箱Incoloy 825镍基高温合金进行对接焊试验. 通过对焊接接头的组织观察,并结合拉伸力学性能以及接头的冲击韧性等试验,分析镍基高温合金电子束焊接头的组织和力学性能. 结果表明, 采用电子束焊焊接镍基高温合金可以得到良好的焊接接头,焊缝区组织由大片等轴晶和少量柱状晶组成;焊缝区没有出现明显的元素烧损现象;焊缝、热影响区硬度达到母材硬度值;焊缝接头抗拉强度达到600 MPa,接近母材抗拉强度,接头断裂形式为韧性断裂;焊缝和热影响区的冲击吸收能量高于母材区,其中焊缝区的冲击吸收能量达到了262 J,冲击断口形貌为韧窝状.     

高匹配焊接接头裂纹的J积分研究

本文研究了含有纵向裂纹或缺陷的高匹配焊接接头材料不均匀性和焊缝宽度对弹塑性断裂表征参量J积分的影响规律.高匹配焊缝被理想化为含有一平行裂纹的一个硬夹层,其屈服应力高于母材.在平面应力条件下利用弹塑性有限元计算得到数值解.研究结果表明,材料不均匀性和焊缝宽度对J积分值有显著影响,特别当名义应力或名义应变较高时影响更大.因此,估算高匹配接头的裂纹推力时必须对此加以考虑.     

ULCB钢电子束穿透焊组织与性能

为了进一步探索ULCB钢的焊接性能,采用真空电子束穿透焊不同束流强度对14 mm钢板对接接头进行了焊接,通过焊缝形貌比较,束流强度为100 mA时,接头焊缝成形最好,选取该接头做了拉伸、硬度、冲击试验及金相组织分析.结果表明,拉伸试样的断裂区域在母材区,抗拉强度为761 MPa、屈服强度为669 MPa,硬度范围在270~330 HV;冲击试样的断裂区域在热影响区,焊缝区平均冲击功为288 J,热影响区平均冲击功为273 J;接头显微组织中,焊缝区和热影响区产生了α'马氏体相,使焊缝区和热影响区产生相变强化,导致焊接接头的强度和硬度均高于母材.     

焊缝的非匹配对含表面裂纹管道接头J积分的影响研究

采用有限元方法对几种匹配情况下管道接头表面裂纹的J积分值进行了计算,结果表明焊缝强度匹配以及应变硬化参数匹配的影响随载荷加大而加大,但应变参数匹配影响比强度匹配影响小。对强度匹配对J积分值的影响进行了详细讨论,其结果表明对于高匹配接头来说,J焊缝金属相似文献   

宏观力学不均匀性对焊接接头动态J积分的影响

焊接接头是一个宏观力学不均匀体，力学不均匀性对焊接接头的动态断裂行为有重要的影响。采用MARC有限元程序，对含焊缝中心裂纹的低匹配焊接接头三点弯曲试样的动态断裂响应进行了计算模拟，并采用虚拟裂纹扩展方法计算了动态J积分断裂参量。作为比较，计算了相同条件下全母材及全焊缝三点弯曲试样的动态响应。由于惯性效应的作用，动态载荷响应曲线周期振动，焊接接头试样的动态载荷响应值介于全母材与全焊缝之间。用虚拟裂纹扩展方法计算的动态J积分与路径无关，惯性效应对动态J积分基本没有影响。低匹配焊接接头的动态J积分低于全母材而高于全焊缝。研究结果为承受动载的焊接结构安全评定奠定了基础。     

焊接接头强度组配对CTOD的影响

利用模拟焊接接头试样三点弯曲试验的方法,就焊接接头强度组配对其断裂性能的影响进行了研究。发现不同的焊接接头强度组配对其断裂韧性和裂纹扩展驱动力有不同程度的影响,在考虑强度组配对焊接接头的断裂性能的影响时,必须从材料的断裂韧性变化和裂纹扩展驱动力变化的两个方面来考虑。     

不同组配P91钢焊接接头断裂性能的试验研究

采用JR阻力曲线试验方法，研究了强度组配对P91钢焊接接头不同区域断裂性能的影响规律，并分析了不同组配P91钢焊接接头的硬度分布。结果表明，焊接热循环对其热影响区的性能没有明显的影响；低组配焊接接头焊缝区的断裂阻力要高于高组配焊接接头焊缝区的断裂阻力，即强度低组配有利于提高P91钢焊缝的抗断性能；对于熔合线区域，试验结果体现出类似的规律，即随组配比的降低，熔合线区域的抗断性能升高；而无论何种强度组配的P91钢焊接接头。其焊缝金属的抗断性能均优于熔合线区域。     

Effect of weld reinforcement on fatigue properties of A6N01 aluminum alloy welded joint

Fatigue properties of smooth and reinforcement A6N01 aluminum alloy welded joints were characterized in this paper. Based on measured S-lgN curves and fatigue fracture morphologies, effect of weld reinforcement on the fatigue property of the welded joint was studied. Results show that the weld toe is the weakness region of the reinforcement welded joint due to the stress concentration in this area, thus the fatigue fracture occurred at the weld toe for all the reinforcement welded joints; while the fatigue property of the smooth welded joint was improved due to remove of the weld reinforcement, and the welding defect was the key factor of the fatigue fracture, thus its fracture zones mainly located at welding zone and fusion line.     

铂基合金与GH3128合金电子束焊接接头组织与性能研究

采用电子束焊接技术对铂基合金与GH3128进行焊接。利用工业CT、扫描电子显微镜、显微硬度仪和材料万能试验机,研究了铂基合金与GH3128焊接接头显微组织、力学性能及断口形貌。结果表明:铂基合金与GH3128具有良好的焊接性能,焊接接头的质量良好,无缺陷,成分均一,焊缝区显微硬度在360~380之间,焊缝强度为499 MPa,断裂方式为韧性断裂,断裂位置位于铂基合金一侧。     

焊后热处理对6063铝合金激光填丝焊接头组织与性能的影响

采用激光填丝焊对6063铝合金进行焊接,并对焊接接头进行人工时效和固溶+人工时效的热处理。通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜观察及拉伸试验,对焊后经不同热处理的焊接接头组织和性能进行研究。结果表明:未热处理的焊接接头抗拉强度为196 MPa,焊缝内部为铸态组织,弥散分布着Mg₂Si强化相,熔合线附近存在向焊缝内部生长的粗大柱状晶,焊缝内部为细小的树枝晶,焊缝中心为等轴晶;经时效处理后,焊接接头组织不均匀性和强化相的分布得到改善,焊接接头抗拉强度提高27 MPa;经固溶+时效处理的焊接接头抗拉强度提高64 MPa,焊缝组织、熔合区及热影响区组织得到显著细化。焊接接头均为韧脆混合断裂;时效处理的断口韧窝大小差异较大,韧窝较深;固溶+时效处理后的断口韧窝大小均匀,韧窝尺寸较大较深,韧窝数量更多。     

DH36高强度钢摩擦柱塞焊工艺与接头组织性能

对高强度船体结构钢DH36钢板进行了摩擦柱塞焊工艺试验研究,对焊接接头微观组织、显微硬度、抗拉强度及连接界面处冲击吸收功进行了观察与测试,对连接界面处拉伸断口进行了扫描电镜观察.结果表明,采用优化摩擦柱塞焊工艺可成功实现DH36高强度钢和柱塞的冶金连接,焊缝区出现明显的硬化倾向,其显微硬度最高可达333 MPa;焊接接头抗拉强度高于母材,连接界面处拉伸断口具有微小等轴韧窝和解理断裂的混合特征,但接头连接界面处冲击吸收功为37 J±5 J,明显低于母材205 J.这是由于焊接热循环过程中在母材与柱塞连接界面附近产生了大量贝氏体及魏氏体铁素体组织导致的韧性降低造成的.     

A J-INTEGRAL ANALYSIS OF CRACKS IN OVERMATCHED WELDED JOINTS

The effects of material inhomogeneity and weld width of the overmatched welded joints with alongitudinal crack or flaw upon the J-interal,a characterizing parameter for elastoplasticfracture,have been studied.The overmatched weld is idealized to be a parallelly cracked andsandwiched hard layer,the yieht stress of which is higher than that of the base metal.Numeri-cal solutions were obtained by using elastoplastic finite element method under the assumptionof plane stress.The resuits show that the values of J-integral are remarkably affected by thematerial inhomogeneity ant the weld width especially when the nominal stress or nominalstrain is comparatively high,which,therfore,should be taken into account when evaluatingthe crack driving force for an overmatched joint.     

INVESTIGATION ON FRACTURE BEHAVIOR FOR WELDED JOINT OF NEW GENERATION FINE GRAINED STEEL SS400

The fracture behavior for welded joint of new generation fine grained steel SS400 was investigated and assessed on the basis of fitness for purpose philosophy. The actual critical defect sizes for the SS400 base metal and its weld HAZ (heat affected zone) defined by the gross yielding criterium have been determined directly by means of wide plate tests. It has been shown that although the HAZ grain growth occurs due to the welding heat, the resistance to fracture is not deteriorated. The deformation behavior of wide plate specimen was also studied by finite element (FE) analysis. The deformation of weld HAZ is protected by the high strength weld metal, so it is easier to get the general yielding for the welded joint specimen.     

Joint performance of CO2 laser beam welding 5083,H321 aluminum alloy

Laser beam welding of aluminum alloys is expected to offer good mechanical properties of welded joints. In this experimental work reported, CO2 laser beam autogenoas welding and wire feed welding are conducted on 4 mm thick 5083- H321 aluminum alloy sheets at different welding variables. The mechanical properties and microstructure characteristics of the welds are evaluated through tensile tests, micro-hardness tests, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Experimental results indicate that both the tensile strength and hardness of laser beam welds are affected by the constitution of filler material, except the yield strength. The soften region of laser beam welds is not in the heat-affected zone （ HAZ ）. The tensile fracture of laser beam welded specimens takes place in the weld zone and close to the weld boundary because of different filler materials. Some pores are found on the fracture face, including hydrogen porosities and blow holes, but these pores have no influence on the tensile strength of laser beam welds. Tensile strength values of laser beam welds with filler wire are up to 345.57 MPa, 93% of base material values, and yield strengths of laser beam welds are equivalent to those of base metal （264. 50 MPa）.     

为较高强度的结构钢选择焊接材料须考虑的两个因素

研究了焊缝金属相对宽度和焊缝金属强度对接头性能的影响。结果表明：随低强焊缝金属相对宽度变小,接头抗拉强度增大;焊缝金属相对宽度不大时,焊缝与母材实际等强的接头具有最优抗脆断性能,按实际等强原则选择焊接材料可提高焊接结构的可靠性,焊缝低强组配较超强组配合理。焊缝过分超强或过分低强均使接头抗脆断性能恶化。