悬挂式降液管塔板的抗堵功能研究及应用

为了延长精馏塔和吸收塔的运行周期,研究开发了悬挂式降液管塔板(DJ塔板)。DJ塔板采用悬挂式矩形降液管作为降液通道,筛孔或固定阀作为鼓泡元件,具有处理能力大、传质效率高、抗堵性能好等特点。论文根据DJ塔板的机械结构,分析了塔板上的气液二相流流动规律,在此基础上阐述了其抗堵机理。DJ塔板已成功应用于丁二烯装置丁二烯精馏塔、化肥装置变换气脱硫塔、气体净化和除尘塔等40余座塔,实现了扩产、节能和减排目的。DJ塔板具有很好抗堵性能,其应用前景良好。     

喷射型立体传质塔板在饱和热水塔中的应用

引述了变换工艺饱和热水塔从系统优化的角度得到循环热水量的最佳值,并指出降低进热水塔变换气温度将对热回收有良好的效果。文中着重介绍了喷射型立体传质塔板,即新型垂直筛板(NewVST)及更加新型高效的立体连续传质塔板(LLC-Tray)应用于饱和热水塔的技术改造所取得的良好效果,展现了广阔的工业应用前景。     

高效立体传质塔板在液化气分馏塔改造中的应用

对比了原50 kt/a LPG分馏塔采用的浮阀塔板与大通量新型高效塔板——立体传质塔板(CTST)的处理能力。说明了应用新塔板技术,仅将原液化气分馏塔的浮阀塔板更换为立体传质塔板(CTST),原塔外壳、塔板层数塔及内固定件不变,处理能力提高60%以上,经济效益显著。     

立体连续传质塔板在氯丁二烯精馏中的应用

介绍了立体连续传质塔板的结构、原理、特性，并经设计后应用于氯丁二烯-二氯丁烯精馏过程中。改进后的精馏塔，塔顶和塔底高沸物二氯丁烯的质量分数分别降为0．14×10^-3-0．16×10^-3和1％-3％，最高产量达2．175m^3／h，塔板压降减小为10kPa，且操作弹性大、防自聚能力好、传质效率高、能耗低，优于传统的筛板塔。     

SFV全通导向浮阀塔板的开发及工业应用

SFV全通导向浮阀塔板为中国石油大学开发的新型塔板,其综合了国内流行的导向条阀与国外广泛使用的微型固阀的优点[0],在结构上进行了多方面的创新和优化。采用空气-富氧水体系,在φ1200mm不锈钢塔内,对SFV全通导向浮阀塔板的流体力学与传质性能进行了测试。结果表明,与F1型浮阀塔板相比,塔板压降可降低10%～30%,漏液率降低10%～30%,雾沫夹带降低10%～20%,传质效率可提高10%～20%。工业应用表明,该种塔板综合性能优异,可用于石油化工等行业的老塔改造与新塔设计。     

立体传质塔板在催化裂化单元吸收塔、解吸塔和稳定塔扩产改造中的应用

中石化湛江东兴石化采用新型高效大通量立体传质塔板(CTST),对重油催化装置1#催、2#催的吸收塔、解吸塔和稳定塔进行扩产改造。分别对1#催、2#催装置各塔进行CTST水力学计算,在此基础上提出改造方案:1#催和2#催各塔在支撑件不更换的情况下,只将浮阀塔板更换为CTST塔板。改造后1#催重油处理能力由30万t/a扩产到50万t/a,2#催重油处理能力由120万t/a扩产到150万t/a;1#催稳定塔液化气中C2含量0.03%(vol),C5及以上含量0.02%(vol),稳定汽油中C3、C4组分含量0,稳定汽油饱和蒸汽压为63.65k Pa;2#催稳定塔液化气中C2含量0.03%(vol),C5及以上含量0.08%(vol),稳定汽油中C3、C4组分含量0,稳定汽油饱和蒸汽压≤65k Pa。     

脱碳系统阻力增加原因及消除方法

<正>0前言兖矿鲁南化肥厂年产240 kt合成氨装置采用德士古气化装置制取水煤气,其压力为3.8 MPa,净化装置采用中变串低变全变换、聚乙二醇二甲醚(NHD)脱硫、脱碳、甲烷化精制的工艺流程。脱硫塔出口气中φ(H2S)控制在≤5×10-6,脱碳塔出口气中φ(CO_2)控制在≤0.3%,入合成氨系统气体中φ(CO+CO_2)控制在≤10×10-6,配入中压氮气,达到工艺指标要求后送往合成氨系统。脱碳系统采用NHD物理吸收法,利用NHD溶液在-10℃左右时对CO_2的选择性吸收,使脱硫气中φ(CO_2)由35.7%降到0.3%以下,满足甲烷化前对CO_2含量的要求。吸收CO_2的NHD溶     

催化吸收稳定系统各塔的技术改造

采用新型立体传质塔板对庆阳炼化的重油催化裂化装置的吸收稳定系统四塔吸收、解吸、稳定、再吸收四塔进行了扩产技术改造。塔体不动，只进行塔内件改造，装置的处理能力、操作弹性均提高一倍，节省设备投资超过500万元。     

喷旋塔脱高硫效果显著

一、工艺流程我厂半水煤气中 H_2S 含量在10～16克/标米~3。原采用喷-湍-湍系统脱高硫(其中φ500×5000喷射塔一台、φ500×7000湍动塔两台),以氨水液相催化法脱硫,配备高塔再生装置。现采用喷旋流程其主要设备规格如表1所示。     

立体传质塔板(CTST)水力学性能与吸收塔的应用

介绍大通量新型高效塔板--立体传质塔板(CTST),该塔板与F1浮阀塔板相比,处理能力提高80%以上,塔板压降比F1浮阀低40%,具有极好的消泡性能.应用该塔板技术,仅将原液化气吸收塔的浮阀塔板更换为立体传质塔板(CTST),原塔外壳及塔内固定件不变,就将吸收塔尾气中C3以上组分含量降至3%以下,经济效益显著.     

微孔介质塔板流体力学和传质性能的研究

开发出一种新型微孔介质塔板—泡沫镍塔板 ,并在一个 5 0 0× 5 0 0mm2 有机玻璃方塔内用空气—水系统测定了其流体力学性能指标—塔板压降等 ,用二氧化碳解吸实验测定了塔板效率 ,研究了它们随空塔动能因子、堰高和液流强度变化的规律。实验结果表明 ,此种塔板虽然压降稍大 ,但传质效率很高且没有漏液 ,可用于工业生产中。     

百叶窗式喷射塔板的性能研究

为满足炼油化工装置扩能改造的要求,文中提出了一种百叶窗式喷射塔板。采用空气-富氧水体系,在φ1200 mm不锈钢塔内,对百叶窗式喷射塔板的流体力学与传质性能进行了测试,回归了压降、泄漏、雾沫夹带等计算关联式,并与新垂直筛板进行了对比实验。结果表明,与新垂直筛板相比,百叶窗式喷射塔板的压降减少16%左右,泄漏率基本相当,雾沫夹带率降低20%左右,传质效率提高3%—10%。实验结果与工业应用实践证实,百叶窗式喷射塔板是一种综合性能优异的塔板。     

CFD and experimental studies of liquid weeping in the circular sieve tray columns

Sieve trays are widely used in fractionating devices like tray distillation towers existing in separation and purification industries. The weeping phenomenon that has a critical effect on the efficiency of tray towers was studied by a numerical model and some experiments. The experiments were carried out in a pilot scale column with the diameter of 1.22 m that includes two test trays and two chimney trays. Weeping rates and some hydraulic parameters were measured in sieve trays with the hole area of 7.04%. Furthermore, the total weeping rate and weeping rate in inlet and outlet halves of the test tray were determined. It was also used an Eulerian–Eulerian computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method for the present study. The model was able to predict the dry tray pressure drop, total pressure drop, clear liquid height, froth height, and weeping rate simultaneously. Furthermore, the obtained CFD results were in a good agreement with the experimental data in terms of pressure drop and the model properly predicted several hydraulic parameters like the liquid weeping behavior along the tray.     

锥心浮阀塔板流体力学性能的初步研究

本试验以空气-水为介质,在1000×150mm~2长方形截面塔中进行了锥心浮阀塔板的流体力学初步研究。试验中改变了板间距、出口堰高等几何参数。文中报导了锥心浮阀塔板的干板压降、湿板总压降、泄漏及雾沫夹带的试验结果,给出了有关的经验式,初步分析讨论了试验中出现的一些新问题。     

Hydrodynamic and Mass Transfer Performances of a New SiC Foam Column Tray

The hydrodynamic performance of a novel SiC foam column tray (SFCT), made of thin slices of SiC foam material with a high specific surface area, is investigated. The performance parameters include pressure drop, entrainment, weeping, and clear liquid height. The tests are carried out with an air‐water system under atmospheric pressure. The mass transfer efficiency of the new SiC foam column tray is studied in a stainless‐steel plate column. The results provide some important parameters for the development of this innovative SiC foam tray.     

全周向通气条形导向浮阀塔板流体力学性能研究

应用空气-水系统,在直径1 200 mm的冷模塔内对上海唐华化工的新型条形浮阀塔板———全周向通气条形导向浮阀塔板进行了流体力学性能测量,并与F1浮阀进行了对比。实验表明,新型条形导向浮阀塔板的流体力学性能有了明显改善,相同条件下板压降比F1浮阀低20%左右,雾沫夹带较F1型浮阀小10%左右,漏液量较F1型浮阀稍大。     

Hydrodynamics performance and tray efficiency analysis of the novel vertical spray packing tray

Column setup has been widely utilized in the petroleum and chemistry industries. However, with the fast progress of industries and the increasingly serious energy shortage, designing a new column setup with better performance and higher capacity becomes more urgent. In order to improve column's capacity and expand operating condition, a new type of column tray named novel vertical spray packing (NVSP) tray was designed and experimented. The performances of the novel tray, including pressure drop, weeping, entrainment and tray efficiency, were tested in a plexiglass column. In addition, performances of the novel tray were compared with that of the sieve tray and the Glitsch V1 valve tray. Based on the experiment data, the mathematical correlations of pressure drop, weeping and entrainment for the novel tray were established by regression analysis method. A fundamental model of dry pressure drop of the novel tray was promoted at the form of sum mode. The results indicate that the novel tray has wider operating condition and better performance.     

喷杯型喷射塔的性能研究

本文介绍了对喷杯型喷射塔在大液气比条件下的流体力学状态的考察情况,以及其压降和传质数据关联方法的初步探讨。 本文指出,喷射塔的流体力学状态除了文献上已提到的脉动态和均匀连续态外,在大液气比条件下还存在着第三状态,即极度湍动乳化态。通过校核发现,现有的压降关联式不适用于第三状态。为此,作者在探讨各种关联方法的基础上,提出了该实验条件下的经验关联式。     

Flow regimes and pressure drop of a composite tridimensional rotational flow sieve tray under concurrent gas-liquid flow

A composite tridimensional rotational flow sieve tray (CTRST) is proposed. The flow patterns of CTRST were visually categorized, combined with the standard deviation of the pressure difference. In the TRST area of the internal packing-type tray, the membrane-drip column and foam-embolic flow is present, while bubbly and milk froth-ribbon flow is present in the packing area of the external packing-type tray. The effect of the tray structure parameters on the pressure drop under co-current flow was investigated. The dry and wet pressure drop is within 160 and 900 Pa, respectively. Under the same structural parameters, the pressure drop of the internal packing-type tray was higher than that of the external packing-type tray. The flow characteristics of the standard tray under the countercurrent flow were compared. The CTRST was found to be more suitable for co-current flow. A prediction model pressure drop under co-current was established with an error of 15.5%.     

用VOF法模拟导向立体传质塔板罩内两相流

利用计算流体力学中的VOF方法对导向立体传质塔板（CTST-8）罩内气液两相流场进行了数值模拟,用Fluent的前处理软件gambit建立物理模型,在速度梯度大的地方采用局部加密网格,根据计算结果进行网格的自适应。用Fluent 6.1 对CTST-8在板孔气速为8.4 m/s,清液层高度为25 mm的工况下进行数值模拟。模拟结果显示了罩内流场的三维特性,并反映出罩内流场的相含率分布,速度分布以及压强分布等。将罩内压强的测量结果与模拟结果进行对比,两者吻合较好。说明本文数值模型具有较好的精度,可以用于CTST-8罩内两相流场的预测。