浅析室内空气质量的影响因素

前期对于空气污染的研究多半注重室外空气质量的调查、空气污染源的排放控制及空气污染防治技术的发展,而室内空气质量调查及室内空气污染的防治,直到近几年才逐渐受到重视。文章通过介绍广东省室内空气污染特性、影响室内空气质量的重要因素以及室内空气污染源,针对室内空气污染的调查与研究提一些建议。     

吉水县室内空气污染及防治对策

室内环境污染的种类繁多,污染源广泛,影响因素较为复杂,因此对人体健康造成的危害更为严重.文中讨论了吉水县室内空气污染物的性质及其危害,提出以通风控制、污染源控制为主要手段的污染防治技术措施和改善吉水县室内空气污染的对策建议.     

当前室内装修装饰材料的污染问题

人的一生大部分的时间是在室内度过的,室内空气质量与人体健康密切有关.而环保科学专家发现室内空气污染更甚于室外空气数倍,装修装饰材料为室内空气污染的主要污染源.文章探讨并分析了几大类室内装修装饰污染源中的污染物,指出其危害并提出控制的几点对策.     

室内空气中甲醛的危害及测定方法

国内外大量调查资料都证实了这样一个事实：室内空气污染程度往往比室外还高。多年来，许多国家都致力于大气污染治理，其实，室内空气污染比大气污染更为严重。现代人平均约80％的时间在室内度过，尤其是弱势群体，在室内生活的时间更长。因此，加强室内空气污染源的控制与监测，便尤为重要。     

室内空气污染净化技术的研究进展

文章综述了当前用于室内空气污染的现状,特点及其危害,阐述了室内污染的主要污染物和污染源,综述了当前国内外主要的室内空气净化技术,并详细阐述了各净化技术的优缺点、应用以及在国内外的最新发展情况,最后就室内空气净化技术的发展趋势进行了展望。     

室内环境污染及其控制

文章分析了室内空气污染物的种类、来源、污染状况等,并阐述了其对人体健康的危害。当前室内空气污染状况相当严重,对人体健康的危害亦十分明显,应引起重视。在污染控制策略上,应先从污染源加以控制,同时保证室内环境有很好的通风能力,在此基础上积极开发和应用新的污染控制技术。     

室内空气污染及控制技术研究

在我国雄厚的经济背景下，城市化进程不断加快，城市上高楼鼎立，人们向往城市的优越生活，在物质基础上的要求越来越高，同时人们对健康的意识也越来越高，逐渐的认识到室内的空气污染给自身带来的巨大危害。本文详细的介绍了室内空气污染的现状，对室内空气污染带来的种种危害进行了简略的分析，同时重点阐述了现阶段我国在室内空气污染控制技术上的改正措施。     

试析室内空气污染的预防与治理措施

改革开放以来,人们对物质生活的要求也越来越高了。许多居民在购买装修完房子后,就着急地入住了,这种做法是极为不科学的,装修材料有的会释放出大量有害气体,这会严重影响人们的身体健康。人们越来越重视室内环境污染带来的危害与影响。本文根据日常工作经验对室内空气污染的原因进行分析,并且提出了相应的措施,来控制室内空气的污染。     

住宅室内空气中TVOC污染分析与控制

本文介绍了室内空气中TVOC的来源及危害,调查了深圳市100户住宅的室内TVOC浓度,并对调查结果进行分析,新装修的住宅室内TVOC普遍超标且超标严重。同时提出了室内空气中的TVOC控制可以通过污染源控制、通风和室内空气净化等途径来实现。     

植物净化技术在室内空气污染治理方面的应用研究

植物净化技术是利用植物治理污染的重要手段之一,具有治污效果好以及应用成本低的特点。在现代社会,人们在室内活动的时间延长,因此会对室内空气质量提出更高的要求。在室内空气污染治理过程中,合理应用植物净化技术,有助于提升空气污染治理的成效,更好的保障室内空气质量和人们的身体健康。基于此,分析了室内空气的主要污染物,并就植物净化技术在室内空气污染治理方面的应用进行研究。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。