The Tb Doping Effect on the Room Temperature Magnetoresistance in (La1-xTbx)0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (x≤ 0.4)

by Tb in (La1-xTbx)0.67Sr0.33MnO3, the room temperature magnetoresistance △R/R0 drops at first, then undergoes an increase near x≈0.1, and finally drops again. The value of room temperature magnetoresistance at a field H=12 kOe for (La1-xTbx)0.67Sr0.33MnO3 is -3.56%. The enhancement of the room temperature magnetoresistance induced by an appropriate Tb substitution in (La1-xTbx)0.67Sr0.33MnO3 is correlated with the shifts of the Curie temperature and metal-insulator temperature to near room temperature. The drop of the room temperature magnetoresistance at large Tb doping-contents may be due to its lower TC and TMI far from the room temperature.     

Effect of reducing atmosphere on the magnetism of Zn(1-x)Co(x)O (0≤x≤0.10) nanoparticles

We report the crystal structure and magnetic properties of Zn(1-x)Co(x)O?(0≤x≤0.10) nanoparticles synthesized by heating metal acetates in organic solvent. The nanoparticles were crystallized in the wurtzite ZnO structure after annealing in air and in a forming gas (Ar95%?+?H5%). The x-ray diffraction and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) data for different Co content show clear evidence for the Co(2+) ions in tetrahedral symmetry, indicating the substitution of Co(2+) in the ZnO lattice. However, samples with x = 0.08 and higher cobalt content also indicate the presence of Co metal clusters. Only those samples annealed in the reducing atmosphere of the forming gas, that showed the presence of oxygen vacancies, exhibited ferromagnetism at room temperature. The air annealed samples remained non-magnetic down to 77?K. The essential ingredient in achieving room temperature ferromagnetism in these Zn(1-x)Co(x)O nanoparticles was found to be the presence of additional carriers generated by the presence of the oxygen vacancies.     

Effects of Bismuth Doping on the Physical Properties of La0.6−x Bi x Sr0.4CoO3 (0≤x≤0.15) Cobaltites

The structural and magnetic properties of cobaltites with the nominal composition La_0.6?x Bi _x Sr_0.4CoO₃ (0≤x≤0.15) have been investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis using Rietveld refinement show that all our samples crystallize in the rhombohedral structure. The zero field cooled (ZFC) and field cooled (FC) magnetization curves at 50 mT exhibits thermomagnetic irreversibility signature of short range ferromagnetic interactions in our samples. The ferromagnetic–paramagnetic transition temperature decreases with increasing Bi amount. In the paramagnetic phase, all our synthesized samples obey to the Curie–Weiss law. The Curie–Weiss analysis suggests that the spin state of Co³⁺ is IS while Co⁴⁺ ions are in IS for x=0 and LS for x≥0.05. The Bi doping also leads to a weakening in the magnetic moment. The magnetic entropy change exhibits a maximum value which decreases from 2.28 J/kg?K for x=0 to 1.24 J/kg?K for x=0.15 upon a magnetic field change of 5 T.     

Magnetocaloric Effect in Nanopowders of Pr0.67Ca0.33Fe x Mn1−x O3

Magnetocaloric effect in nanopowders of Pr_0.67Ca_0.33Fe _x Mn_1?x O₃ (x=0,0.1,0.3,0.4), in the vicinity of magnetic phase transitions, was investigated. It is shown that Pr_0.67Ca_0.33MnO₃ exhibits the largest magnetic entropy change (ΔS _M ) of 0.61 J/kg/K at 208 K upon 0.5 T magnetic field variation. Furthermore, the ΔS _M distribution of the Pr_0.67Ca_0.33Fe _x Mn_1?x O₃ is much more uniform than that of gadolinium. Because of these results, nanopowders of Pr_0.67Ca_0.33Fe _x Mn_1?x O₃ have some potential applications for magnetic refrigerants in an extended high-temperature range. Moreover, it can be used as a working material of an apparatus based on the active magnetic regenerator cycle that cools hydrogen gas.     

煅烧温度对La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3晶体结构及电磁性能的影响

采用传统固相反应法在不同烧结温度下制备了La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3样品,通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜显微镜(SEM)对样品进行了物相结构和微观组织分析,比较了不同烧结温度下样品的烧结性、介电性和铁磁性能。研究结果表明,当烧结温度从1100℃增加到1200℃时,La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3样品的介电损耗呈降低趋势,介电常数数值呈增加趋势,并在测量频率范围内显示负值。随着烧结温度的增加,La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3样品的铁磁性呈现先上升后下降的趋势。当烧结温度为1150℃时,其饱和磁化强度达到最大,为37.80A·m~2·kg~(-1)。说明可以通过改变煅烧温度来有效调节晶粒尺寸,从而改进La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3样品的介电性能和铁磁性能。     

La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(1-x)Fe_xO_3钙钛矿的制备和催化性能研究

以La、Sr、Co和Fe的硝酸盐为主要原料,采用溶胶凝胶法合成La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(1-x)Fe_xO_3钙钛矿(简称LSCF),并用LSCF对汽车尾气碳烟颗粒(Soot)催化性能进行研究。结果表明,钙钛矿呈多孔结构,颗粒为球形,分布均匀;随Fe取代Co的量增加,钙钛矿生成量增加、主晶面的间距增加,Fe取代量为0.4~0.8时,有利于钙钛矿的形成;加入钙钛矿催化剂后,Soot燃烧最大速率温度和完全燃烧温度大幅降低,有效提高了对Soot催化效果。     

La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3/Fe-Ni复合吸波材料制备与性能研究

采用真空球磨法制备FeNi3合金,溶胶-凝胶法制备La0.6Sr0.4MnO3,将FeNi3合金与La0.6Sr0.4MnO3按不同比例混合后进行真空球磨复合。样品吸波性能测定发现,FeNi3合金的添加有利于提高La0.6Sr0.4MnO3的吸波量,提高程度与混合比例密切相关,当混合比例为1:3时提升效果最好,同时发现复合后低频段的吸波性能改善更加显著,其中1:3比例样品低频率段吸收量较La0.6Sr0.4MnO3有近4倍的提高。     

Room Temperature Giant Hall Effect in (Ni61Fe39) x (Al2O3)1−x Percolating Nanogranular Films

A series of (Ni₆₁Fe₃₉) _x (Al₂O₃)_1−x films were prepared using the magnetron sputtering technique. The maximum of saturated Hall resistivity 4.06 μΩ⋅cm was observed in (Ni₆₁Fe₃₉)₆₀(Al₂O₃)₄₀ nanogranular film at room temperature, which was about two orders larger than that of pure ferromagnetic metallic films. For the first time, the composition in the atomic fraction at the quantum percolation threshold was accurately characterized by the Rutherford backscattering (RBS) channelling technique in order to substantiate the newly metal-insulator fraction of percolation threshold in the Giant Hall Effect. It also was identified from the TEM image of an as-deposited sample that this large enhancement of the Hall resistivity coefficient was interrelated with the percolation threshold. With a different annealing temperature (T _A ) up to 300 °C , the saturated Hall resistivity of (Ni₆₁Fe₃₉)₆₀(Al₂O₃)₄₀ granular film decreased only a little, which showed its good thermal stability for potential application.     

Critical Behavior Near the Paramagnetic to Ferromagnetic Phase Transition Temperature in Polycrystalline La0.57Nd0.1Sr0.33Mn1?x Al x O3 (0.0≤x≤0.1)

The critical parameters provide important information concerning the interaction mechanisms near the paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition. In this paper, we have investigated the effect of non-magnetic aluminum Al doping in Mn-site on the critical behavior in La_0.57Nd_0.1Sr_0.33MnO₃ compounds using magnetization methods near the Curie temperature T _C through various techniques such as modified Arrott plot, Kouvel?CFisher method, and critical isotherm analysis. The values of critical exponents, derived from the magnetic data yield 0.326 ??????0.366,1.265??????1.342 and 4.13 ??????5.07. The critical exponents found in this study obey the Widom scaling relation ??=1+??/??, implying that the obtained values of ?? and ?? are reliable. Experimental results have revealed that the samples exhibited the second-order magnetic phase transition with exponents which match well with those predicted for the three-dimensional Heisenberg (3D) around the critical temperature.     

退火处理对La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3/Fe-Ni复合物吸波性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备La0.6Sr0.4Mn O3,真空球磨法制备Fe Ni3合金,将Fe Ni3合金与La0.6Sr0.4Mn O3按比例混合进行真空球磨复合,后对复合样品进行退火。对样品电磁参数测定发现,Fe Ni3合金的添加有利于改善La0.6Sr0.4Mn O3的电磁特性,低频段吸波性能有显著提升,而且退火处理后复合样品的微波吸收量可进一步提高。退火样品在低频率段的微波吸收量较La0.6Sr0.4Mn O3有近5倍的提高,且整体波动幅度也有所减小。     

Conduction in nanostructured La1?x Sr x FeO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1)

We investigated electrical properties of nanostructured La_1?x Sr _x FeO₃ (0 ?? x ?? 1) from 300 K?C400 K. The nanostructured La_1?x Sr _x FeO₃ (0 ?? x ?? 1) was synthesized by citrate gel method requiring no pH control. X-ray diffraction pattern showed that single phase LaFeO₃ with an orthorhombic structure was formed. The structure changed into rhombohedral for x = 0.5 and it became cubic for x = 1.0. For x ?? 0.5, our material showed non-linear current-voltage characteristics and for x > 0.5 it showed linear current-voltage characteristics. Poole Frenkel type conduction mechanism was found to be operative in LaFeO₃ from 300 K?C400 K. The experimental values of field-lowering coefficient were by 2.56?C6.41 times higher than the predicted value and were attributed to the presence of localized fields. The increase in conductance with Sr content was due to formation of Fe⁴⁺ ions in addition to Fe³⁺ with the increase in Sr content. Impedance spectroscopy and ac conductivity analysis of La_1?x Sr _x FeO₃ (0 ?? x ?? 1) was also carried out in the temperature range from 300 K?C400 K and frequency was varied from 20 Hz - 2 MHz. The ac conduction followed the correlated barrier hopping model in La_0.9Sr_0.1FeO₃.     

Effect of Fe-doping on Magnetocaloric Properties of AMn1?x Fe x O3 Compounds (0≤x≤0.2)

We have investigated the effect of iron substitution on the magnetocaloric properties of manganites with La_0.75Ca_0.08Sr_0.17Mn_1?x Fe _x O₃ (x=0, 0.075, 0.15, 0.175, and 0.2) nominal composition. The magnetocaloric effect (MCE) was estimated, in terms of isothermal magnetic entropy change (???S _M ), using the M(T,?? ₀ H) data and employing the thermodynamic Maxwell equation. The large magnetic entropy in AMn_1?x Fe _x O₃ is attributed to the field-induced suppression of short-range charge-orbital ordering and antiferromagnetic fluctuations present above T _C . The increase of the Fe concentration x is accompanied by a decrease of (???S _M ), from 5.205 to 0.95?J/kg?K for x=0 and 0.20, respectively, with ?? ₀ H=5?T. For all samples, we find quite large values of (???S _M ), which are very close to that provided for Gd, the prototypical magnetocaloric material.     

(Mg_(1-x)Zn_x)_2SiO_4(0≤x≤1)陶瓷微波介电性能研究

采用固相反应法制备(Mg1-xZnx)2SiO4(0≤x≤1)微波介质陶瓷,研究(Mg1-xZnx)2SiO4陶瓷在0≤x≤1范围内的相演变、微结构与其微波介电性能间相互关系.XRD测试结果表明:橄榄石结构的Mg2SiO4与硅矽矿结构的Zn2SiO4在晶体结构上存在很大差别,(Mg,Zn)2SiO4在0≤x≤1范围内只能部分地实现有限固溶.背散射电子扫描显微镜(BESEM)测试结果显示:随着x的增加,MgSiO3第二相得到抑制;陶瓷出现液相烧结,促进晶粒生长与玻璃相在晶界处沉积.微波介电性能测试结果表明:由于Zn2+离子极化能力大于Mg2+离子,(Mg1-xZnx)2SiO4(0≤x≤1)陶瓷介电常数随x值增加而增大;0≤x≤1范围内,Mg2SiO4陶瓷微波性能由于第二相、气孔率增加与晶粒增大而降低,Zn2SiO4陶瓷由于微结构得到改善,陶瓷微波性能得到优化.当x=0.6时,得到较好的(Mg0.4Zn0.6)2SiO4陶瓷微波性能为:εr=6.6,Qf=95650GHz,τf=-60×10-6/℃.     

La_(0.7)Sr_(0.3-x)Ca_xFe_(0.8)Co_(0.2)O_3(0.1≤x≤0.2)阴极材料溶胶-凝胶法合成与表征

以硝酸盐为原料,外加一定量PVA的溶胶-凝胶法制备La0.7Sr0.3-xCaxFe0.8Co0.2O3(LSCFC,0.1≤x≤0.2)系列阴极材料,XRD、SEM对LSCFC晶体结构、微观形貌以及与Ce0.8Sm0.2O2电解质相容性进行研究分析。实验结果表明:900℃煅烧2h,LSCFC形成了晶格膨胀的畸变钙钛矿结构,La0.7Sr0.2Ca0.1Fe0.8Co0.2O3相对LaFeO3晶胞体积膨胀率为43.85%,随着x从0.1增大到0.2,LSCFC晶胞体积膨胀率减小1.3%。La0.7Sr0.2Ca0.1Fe0.8Co0.2O3粉料与Ce0.8Sm0.2O2电解质在1200℃下烧结5h后具有良好的化学相容性。     

Magnetocaloric Effects in Pr0.6−x Er x Sr0.4MnO3 (0.0≤x≤0.2) Manganese Oxides

The effects of partial substitution of praseodymium by erbium on the structural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties of Pr_0.6?x Er _x Sr_0.4MnO₃ (0.0≤x≤0.2) powder samples have been studied. Our polycrystalline compounds were synthesized by the conventional solid state reaction at high temperature. Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction patterns using Fullprof program shows that all our samples are single phase and crystallize in the orthorhombic structure with the Pnma space group. The unit cell volume decreased with increasing the Er amount. Magnetic measurements show that all our samples exhibit a paramagnetic–ferromagnetic transition with decreasing temperature. The Curie temperature T _C shifts to lower values with increasing Er content. From the magnetization isotherms at different temperatures, magnetic entropy changes ΔS _M and relative cooling power RCP have been evaluated. The maximum of the magnetic entropy changes for the Pr_0.45Er_0.15Sr_0.4MnO₃ sample is found to be $| \Delta S_{M}^{\max } | = 2.66~\mathrm{J}\,\mathrm{kg}^{-1}\,\mathrm{K}^{-1}$ under a magnetic applied field change of 2 T.     

Solid Solution Sm_(1+x)Ba_(2-x)Cu_3O_y and Effect of Quench Temperature on SmBa_2Cu_3O_y

By X-ray powder diffraction technique and oxygen content analysis, a solid solution Sm1+xBa2-xCu3Oy has been determined in the range 0≤x≤0.4. When x<0.25. the Sm1+xBa2-xCu3Oy presents orthorhombic symmetry, and the orthorhombic-tetragonaJ transition ocCurs at x = 0.25. With the increase of x, TC decreases and finally breaks. The correlation between ox ygen content and phase structure at different quench temperatures related to Sm Ba2Cu3Oy has been investigated as well     

Effect of Doping and High-Temperature Annealing on the Structural and Electrical Properties of Zn_(1-X)Ni_XO(0≤X≤0.15) Powders

This paper reported the synthesis,crystal structure and electrical conductivity properties of Ni-doped ZnO powders(i.e.Zn 1 X Ni X O binary system,X=0,0.0025,0.005,0.0075 and in the range 0.01≤X≤0.15).Iphase samples,which were indexed as single phase with a hexagonal(wurtzite) structure in the Zn 1 X Ni X O binary system,were determined by X-ray diffraction(XRD).The widest range of the I-phase was determined as 0≤X≤0.03 at 1200 C;above this range the mixed phase was observed.The impurity phase was determined as NiO when compared with standard XRD data,using the PDF program.We focused on single I-phase ZnO samples which were synthesized at 1200 C because of the widest range of solubility limit at this temperature.It was observed that the lattice parameters a and c of the I-phase decreased with Ni doping concentration.The morphology of the I-phase samples was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope.The electrical conductivity of the pure ZnO and single I-phase samples were studied by using the four-probe dc method at temperatures between 100 and 950 C in air atmosphere.The electrical conductivity values of pure ZnO and 3 mol% Ni-doped ZnO samples at 100 C were 2×10 6 and 4.8×10 6 1 ·cm 1,and at 950 C they were 1.8 and 3.6 1 ·cm 1,respectively.In other words,electrical conductivity increased with Ni doping concentration.