莱州市小农水重点县项目建管经验

结合莱州市水利工程现状,简要介绍了小农水重点县建设的基本情况和取得的显著成效。总结了莱州市小农水重点县项目建设过程中的建设管理经验。     

汶上县小农水重点县项目建设经验与成效

从组织和管理两方面总结汶上县小农水重点县建设工作经验,并介绍其惠泽民生的建设成效,为小农水重点县建设提供借鉴。     

商河县低压管道灌溉模式探索

通过商河县小农水重点县项目实施,分析总结低压管道灌溉模式经验,为其他县(市)小农水项目建设提供借鉴。     

聊城市小农水重点县建设管理经验

通过分析聊城市小农水重点县建设状况,从组织领导、规划设计、机制建设和工程管护等方面对小农水重点县建设的管理模式进行了总结探讨。     

江西省宜春市小型农田水利重点县建设浅析

本文对宜春市根据小农水重点县项目点多面广的特点,结合大型基建项目建设管理经验,通过政府主导、规划到位、资金整合、创新机制、规范建设、进度控制、考核奖惩等措施,在首批小农水重点县建设过程中所取得的成效作了总结。     

济南市小型农田水利重点县建设与管理

总结了济南市小农水重点县建设的管理经验、主要做法、存在的问题，并提出了相关建议。     

统筹规划 创新机制 扎实推进——访江西省水利厅厅长孙晓山

<正>2009年,财政部、水利部实施整体推进战略,积极开展小型农田水利重点县建设,至今已历时近两年。江西省高度重视小农水重点县建设工作,抓住机遇,整合工作机制,加快建设步伐,对小农水重点县建设的推进进     

高密市小农水重点县建设做法及经验

高密市小农水重点县建设按照"系统化规划、规模化推进、高标准建设、新技术支撑、文明式发展、用水户参与"的建设思路,高度重视重点县建设,通过有力的保障措施,实现了小农水重点县规划、实施、建设管理的扎实推进,取得了很好的社会效益和经济效益。     

小农水重点县建设的做法及效益

本文根据禹城市水资源紧缺、干旱少雨,工程老化失修等问题,论证了发展小农水重点县建设的必要性,总结了项目建设以来的好经验、好做法,指出了小农水项目建设具有较高的经济效益和社会效益,同时阐述了小农水的发展前景。     

莘县小型农田水利重点县项目建设经验

介绍了莘县小农水重点县项目工程建设现状,分析了继续实施小农水重点县项目的必要性、可行性,阐述了项目实施取得的经验做法,提出了下一步实施小农水重点县工程建设的建议。     

Operation and Maintenance Performance and Conflicts in Flood-control Projects in Bangladesh

Many embankments failed in severe floods in Bangladesh in 1987 and 1988, and concern grew over ways to improve flood-control projects. Maintenance was poor due to reliance on periodic rehabilitation, but few failures were due to poor construction or maintenance. Embankments mostly failed where they were eroded or were deliberately cut. They were cut by people living outside who believed they were made more flood-prone, and by people living inside because of internal drainage congestion. This reflected inadequate hydrological modelling, lack of consultation and failure to resolve conflicts between affected groups. Resources for maintenance are not generated locally and could be used more efficiently. Participatory planning could reduce conflicts, encourage a sense of project ownership and facilitate contributions to maintenance.     

南京市2016年暴雨洪水分析与思考

2016年汛期,南京市发生了建国以来的大洪水,降雨量和主要河湖水位均超历史.在对2016年暴雨、水情、洪水特点分析的基础上,提出加强南京市防洪工程体系的建议.     

雷州半岛地区2015年防旱抗旱工作对策与启示

2015年,广东省雷州半岛地区出现大范围干旱,该文总结了干旱特点,分析了干旱成因,采取了水资源统筹调配、引导调整种植结构及播种时机、人工增雨、筹措资金应急补助等抗旱措施,效果较好。此外,提出该地区今后打造"扩库硬渠上井群"升级版、推进农业结构调整、改善生态环境推动绿色发展的防旱工作对策。     

2003年兰考、东明洪水漫滩落淤情况调查

通过对2003年秋汛期间兰考北滩、东明南滩两处漫滩情况进行调查与分析，得出的结论为：滩区共滞蓄水量6亿～9亿m^3，漫滩落淤范围为7．5km^2，顺漫滩水流方向的落淤距离约3km。在这种水沙条件下，泥沙不能被输送至较远的堤河。经分析计算，本次泥沙落淤量为900万～1350万t，且距口门1．0km范围内落淤泥沙中的82％为粒径大于0．05mm的粗沙。由此得到的主要认识有：①靠自然落淤解决“二级悬河”问题非常困难，甚至会增大“二级悬河”程度；②给漫滩水预留出路是降低淹没损失的关键；③落淤的粗沙使土地产生了十分严重的沙化现象，并且使当地环境趋于恶化。     

山西省地下水资源开发利用中存在的问题及对策

山西省水资源严重短缺 ,地下水超采严重。分析了地下水资源量及可开采量、地下水开发利用历史和现状 ,以及超采产生的环境地质问题。在此基础上 ,提出了缓解地下水超采、有效合理开发利用地下水的一些措施意见 ,为加强地下水保护和管理提供了科学依据。     

Domestic Water and Sanitation in Cyclones and Floods in Bangladesh and a Proposed Research Agenda

ABSTRACT

Water is one of the top priority item s i relief activities but the appropriateness and effectiveness of this activity may be questioned. Water and sanitation (WS) are inseparable and together they play major roles in the transmission of the pathogen of diarrhoeal disease. Thousands of people die or suffer from WS-related diseases during postdisaster periods. Here we present WS-related experiences gained after Bangladesh's 1991 cyclone and the views of participants in a regional and a national (local) workshop on this matter held in Bangladesh. About 63 per cent of the water purifying tablets (WPTs) distributed after the 1991 cyclone were found to have lost potency Relief personnel lack basic knowledge about WS practices and the management of WS provision. Participants in the two workshops documented serious problems i this field at both regional and national levels. Major issues for research may include: an appropriate environmental preparedness plan; appropriate waste disposal technologies; appropriate water treatment methods; self- help activities during vulnerable periods; and health education related to WS in disaster situations.     

Progress in ecological and environmental water requirements research and applications in China

Abstract:

With economic development, as well as population growth, the conflict between water supply and demand has become more and more acute in China, and it has been aggravated further by the irrational utilization of water resources. As a result, the deterioration and destruction of the eco‐environment have become increasingly serious. In order to effectively protect ecosystems and improve their ecological conditions, many studies on ecological and environmental water requirements (EEWR) have been carried out in China. In this paper, the concept and characteristics of EEWR are addressed, and the main advances of EEWR research and applications in China are summarized in four types of systems including studies on rivers, vegetation, lakes and wetlands, and groundwater. In conclusion, issues necessary to be studied further in the future are put forward.     

衡水市地下水开发利用存在的问题及对策

通过对衡水市地下水开发中存在问题的客观分析,提出了今后开发、利用和保护地下水的措施.     

Distribution and removal of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in water supplies in Germany

This study has been conducted, to estimate the distribution of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in German water supplies and the removal efficiency of surface water treatment plants for Giardia and Cryptosporidium by conventional treatment. Water samples from six surface water treatment plants in different parts of Germany were simoultaneously examined for Giardia and Cryptosporidium. Investigations for both parasites were carried out in the period from July 1993 until December 1995. The results confirmed the occurrence of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in surface and raw water, to intermediate steps after treatment, in back wash water, in the first filtrate and in final water. Giardia or Cryptosporidium or both have been found in 76.2% of the investigated raw water sources. The average number of the detected Giardia cysts was 88.2/100 1 (max.1314/100 I), and the average number of Cryptosporidium oocysts was 116/100 I (max. 1081/1001). In the intermediate steps (including flocculation and several steps of filtration), Giardia or Cryptosporidium or both have been found in 33.3% (50/150) of the samples. 14.9% of drinking water samples (7/47) were positive for Giardia (max. 16.8 /1001) and 29.8% (14/47) were positive for Cryptosporidium (max. 20.8/100 I). Overall, Giardia and Cryptosporidium, or both were detected in 38.3% of the drinking water samples. The parasites have been found in nearly all of the investigated backwash water samples. The filtrate of a rapid sand filter was analysed immediately after filter backwashing during the ripening period of the filter. Good elimination results were obtained by optimizing relevant water treatment process, but a low flocculant dose following sudden variation in the raw water quality, causes a breakthrough of Cryptosporidium into the treated water. Although water treatment technologies are effective to remove Giardia and Cryptosporidium, the results clearly show that Giardia and Cryptosporidium evade the filter harries m the absence of visible treatment deficiencies and low turbitidy level, and contaminate final water.