TPU无纺布/碳纳米纤维膜对玻璃纤维复合材料固体颗粒侵蚀性能的影响

选用TPU无纺布/碳纳米纤维膜作为复合材料外层保护层,采用树脂传递模塑(RTM)工艺制备无纺布/碳纳米纤维/玻璃纤维/环氧(NTPU/CNF/GF/EP)复合材料,并对复合材料的机械性能、耐固体粒子侵蚀磨损性能进行了研究。结果表明,直径为~500μm的尖角碳化硅侵蚀颗粒,在侵蚀距离为76 mm、冲蚀角度为90°的条件下,对复合材料的侵蚀磨损破坏行为较强;一层100μm厚NTPU的加入使复合材料的拉伸性能相比于GF/EP(FRP)降低了大约10%,耐固体颗粒侵蚀性提高了8倍;NTPU/CNF膜的加入可以有效地提高玻璃纤维复合材料的力学性能和御蚀性能。     

碳纳米纤维对玻纤增强环氧树脂基复合材料机械及耐磨性能的影响

采用真空辅助喷涂的方法制备了相对于玻纤质量分数1%、3%的碳纳米纤维/玻纤/环氧树脂基复合材料,并对其机械性能、耐固体粒子冲蚀磨损性能与纯环氧树脂(EP)、玻纤增强环氧树脂(FRP)进行了对比研究。结果表明:1%、3%碳纳米纤维的加入使得复合材料的拉伸强度达到72MPa、70MPa,相对于EP分别增加了20%、16.7%,相对于FRP分别降低了32.7%、30.7%;弯曲强度达到150MPa、178MPa,相对于EP分别增加了40.2%,66.4%,相对于FRP分别降低了19.8%、4.8%;侵蚀磨损试验中质量损失相对于FRP分别降低了75%、86.7%,在对复合材料机械强度影响较小的前提下大大提高了复合材料的耐磨损性能。     

喷涂碳纳米纤维对玻纤预制体渗透率的影响

采用真空辅助喷涂的方法制备了相对于玻纤质量分数为0.5%、2%的碳纳米纤维/玻纤复合材料,并对其饱和渗透率、不饱和渗透率进行了对比研究。结果表明:0.5%、2%碳纳米纤维的加入均使得预制体的饱和渗透率、不饱和渗透率降低;不含CNF的玻纤织物垂直Z向上的饱和渗透率约为水平Y向渗透率的20%,喷涂CNF后,下降至10%左右;当孔隙率小于47%时,喷涂CNF的预制体Z向渗透率接近0;0.5%CNF喷涂后对预制体径向不饱和渗透率影响较小,但2%CNF喷涂后,其径向不饱和渗透率约为玻纤织物基体的20%。     

碳纳米管对GF/EP复合材料侵蚀性能的影响

采用真空辅助喷涂的方法分别制备了含有碳纳米管(CNTs)质量分数1%和3%的CNTs/玻纤(GF)复合材料,采用真空辅助树脂传递模塑(VARTM)方法制备了CNTs/GF/树脂(EP)三元复合材料,并对复合材料的力学性能、耐固体粒子侵蚀磨损性能进行了研究。结果表明:加入质量分数1%,3%CNTs使复合材料的拉伸强度达到79.0,78.0 MPa,相对于纯EP增加了31.7%,30.0%,相对于GF/EP(FRP)复合材料降低了24.1%,25.0%;三元复合材料的弯曲强度达到173.3MPa,160.1 MPa,相对于纯EP增加了72.4%,51.3%,相对于FRP复合材料降低了6.9%,15.7%;耐固体颗粒侵蚀性能(质量损失率)相对于FRP复合材料提高了84.5%,81.1%。     

聚氨酯/微米CaCO3复合材料的性能研究

对聚氨酯/纳米CaCO3粒子复合材料的性能进行了研究。实验表明:聚氨酯/纳米CaCO3粒子复合材料具有优异的性能,聚氨酯/纳米CaCO3粒子复合材料,其硬度、力学性能和抗冲蚀磨损性能比纯聚氨酯优异;在纳米CaCO3含量为1%时,其硬度、力学性能,抗冲蚀磨损性能最佳。     

纳米环氧树脂复合涂层耐冲蚀磨损性能研究

研究了固化剂低分子聚酰胺、有机蒙脱土和纳米Al2O3的用量对环氧树脂胶粘涂层拉伸剪切强度和耐冲蚀磨损性能的影响。试验表明,有机蒙脱土和纳米Al2O3能有效提高涂层拉伸剪切强度和耐冲蚀磨损性能,在最佳配方下,涂层的耐冲蚀磨损性能是Q235钢的10.83倍。     

刚玉质耐火材料高温耐冲蚀磨损性能的研究

以不同组成的刚玉质耐火材料作为试验样品,用ABR-1450A型高温耐磨试验仪分别研究了水泥加入量(w)为2%、4%、6%,硅微粉加入量(w)为2%、3%、4%,冲蚀角为30°、45°、60°,磨料粒度为1~3mm、2~5mm以及冲蚀温度为600℃、800℃、1000℃、1200℃时对刚玉质耐火材料高温耐冲蚀磨损性能的影响。结果表明:随材料中纯铝酸钙水泥加入量的提高,材料的高温耐磨性降低;随硅微粉加入量的提高,材料的高温耐磨性提高;提高冲蚀温度、增大磨料颗粒尺寸和增大冲蚀角都可以增加对耐火材料的磨损。     

陶瓷-金属梯度复合材料动态力学性能研究

利用热压烧结法制备了梯度型陶瓷——金属复合材料，并对其静态压缩性能和动态冲击压缩性能进行了测试。结果表明：梯度型复合材料具有明显的各向鼻性，其平行于梯度面的力学性能优于垂直于梯度面的力学性能。复合材料是应变率敏感的材料，随着应变速率的增加，其屈服强度先增高后降低，而其单位体积吸收的能量则呈上升的趋势。     

具有抗菌活性的氧化锌/环氧树脂基纳米复合材料的研究

为了提高环氧树脂(EP)的抗菌性能,延长其使用寿命,采用纳米氧化锌(ZnO)粉末对脂环族EP进行改性,利用溶液浇注法制备了纳米ZnO/EP抗菌复合材料。研究了不同含量的纳米ZnO经硅烷偶联剂表面处理后,对复合材料的抗菌性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明:硅烷偶联剂处理后的纳米ZnO能够在EP中均匀分散;复合材料的抗菌性能随着纳米ZnO用量的增加而显著增大,加入1%纳米ZnO对大肠杆菌的抗菌率达到99.06%,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率达到99.00%;加入3%纳米ZnO时达到抗菌饱和,且弯曲强度出现极值,为EP的1.66倍;而纳米ZnO的加入对EP原有的固化温度和玻璃化转变温度几乎没有影响。     

热处理对EP/CF及EP/CF/GF复合材料力学性能的影响

采用真空辅助树脂转移模塑（VARTM）技术制备了环氧树脂/碳纤维（EP/CF）和环氧树脂/碳纤维/玻璃纤维毡（EP/CF/GF）复合材料。测试了两种纤维铺层方式中树脂流动距离的平方与流动时间的关系,对两种铺层纤维体系的渗透率进行了研究对比;将两种复合材料进行高温处理,并且对其高温处理前后的力学性能进行分析;利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察了复合材料的拉伸断口形貌。结果表明,EP/CF/GF中GF毡的松散结构使树脂更易流动;高温热处理造成了EP/CF弹性模量和拉伸应变的降低,其中弹性模量降低了9.97 %、拉伸应变降低了11.36 %,但对EP/CF/GF的影响较小;GF毡的加入造成了2种复合材料弯曲性能的下降;未经处理的复合材料断口表面光滑,而热处理后的复合材料断口表面粗糙且有大量基体附着。     

Properties and process ability of long fiber‐reinforced polymeric composites

The addition of nanoparticles to polymeric matrices has shown great promise for improving mechanical and thermal properties; however, this improvement comes with a decrease of processability. In this study, two different glass fabrics were used. One of them was Windstrand, a stitched equally‐biaxial R‐glass fabric the other was Advantex, a unidirectional glass fiber mat. Both of them are provided by Owens Corning. The mats were sprayed with carbon nanofibers (CNF) on both sides. Mechanical properties of composites manufactured via vacuum‐assisted resin transfer molding were obtained. Permeability, as a measure of processability, of the sprayed glass mats was measured. Mechanical properties are improved, whereas permeability decreases with the addition of CNF. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:655–664, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

The effect of water on the fracture surface energy of fiber-reinforced composite materials

The effect of absorbed water on the fracture surface energy of both glass and graphite fiber unidirectional epoxy composites has been studied. The fracture energy parallel to the fiber direction was measured by the double torsion technique. Water was absorbed at 70°C while the sample was subject to an external tensile stress both parallel and perpendicular to the fiber direction. No degradation of fracture surface energy was measured for specimens stressed and immersed in water at 70°C for up to 1000 h. The fracture surface energy for the glass composite was greater than for the graphite composite, which was attributed to fiber pull-out in the case of the glass composite.     

玻纤铺层方向对玻纤/EVE复合材料性能的影响

以0°,90°,0°/90°,0°/45°/-45°/90°分别作为玻璃纤维(GF)单向铺层方式,研究了不同的铺层方式对GF/EVE(环氧乙烯基酯树脂)复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,0°铺层方向的复合材料在单一方向的力学性能最好,0°/45°/-45°/90°铺层方向的复合材料可以看作各向同性材料,应用范围更加广泛。     

玻璃纤维/聚氨酯复合材料耐腐蚀和耐UV研究

采用连续拉挤工艺制备玻璃纤维/聚氨酯复合材料(FRPU),研究在酸、碱、盐溶液中的浸泡时间和紫外光(UV)老化时间对FRPU力学性能的影响。结果表明,垂直于玻纤方向性能下降趋势比平行方向更明显;经过60℃的酸/碱/盐溶液浸泡后,FRPU的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和层间剪切强度随着时间的延长逐渐下降,下降幅度依次为碱>酸>盐;在紫外光照射老化后,FRPU的力学性能呈现出先增加后减小的趋势,垂直方向减小的趋势更明显。     

Water‐induced degradations in MWCNT embedded glass fiber/epoxy composites: An emphasis on aging temperature

This article is focused to elucidate the critical influence of diffusion temperature on the water uptake and subsequent degradation behavior of multi‐walled carbon nanotube embedded glass fiber/epoxy (MWCNT‐GE) composite. Presence of MWCNT in the glass fiber/epoxy (GE) composite significantly suppressed its water absorption propensity at lower aging temperature (25 °C). However, MWCNT reinforcement in GE composite adversely affected its high temperature water resistance due to generation of unfavorable thermal and hygroscopic stresses at the MWCNT/polymer interfaces. Effect of MWCNT and water diffusion temperature on the glass transition temperature and chemical bonding characteristics of GE composite have been verified by differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. Flexural testing of the water saturated samples revealed that diffused water exerts more detrimental effect on mechanical performance of MWCNT‐GE composite than that of control GE composite. The extent of recovery in mechanical performance of the composites has also been evaluated after complete desorption of the water saturated samples. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 45987.     

Enhancing particle erosion resistance of glass‐reinforced polymeric composites using carbon nanofiber‐based nanopaper coatings

Sand erosion may cause severe damage of blades in wind turbine and helicopter blades as well as many surface components of airplanes. In this study, thin nanopapers made of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are used to enhance the resistance of solid particle erosion of glass fiber (GF)/wind epoxy composites. Finite element computer simulations are used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The much higher particle erosion resistance of nanopapers compared to GF‐reinforced epoxy composites is attributed to the high strength of CNFs and their nanoscale structure. The excellent performance in particle erosion resistance makes the CNF‐based nanopaper a prospective protective coating material for the turbine blades in the wind energy industry. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Processing and properties of polymer composites containing aligned functionalized carbon nanofibers

AC electric field was used to align functionalized carbon nanofibers (CNFs), carboxylic acid-functionalized CNFs (O-CNFs) and amine-functionalized CNFs (A-CNFs), in an epoxy resin. The resulting composites were characterized for dispersion and alignment structure as well as for their mechanical and electrical properties in the CNF alignment direction. Optical images of the composites revealed uniform distribution and alignment of the CNFs in the direction of the electric field. Due to the similarity in the alignment structure, it was observed that alignment of the functionalized CNFs was independent of the functional groups attached to the CNFs. Compression tests (parallel to the direction of the aligned A-CNFs) of A-CNF/epoxy composites showed an increase of 19% in compressive modulus and 9% in compressive strength at a CNF concentration of 4.5 wt.%, with respect to the neat composite. Electrical resistivity of composites measured parallel to the direction of aligned CNFs (containing up to 4.5 wt.% O-CNFs and A-CNFs) were found to be approximately three orders of magnitude lower than composites with non-aligned CNFs. The electrical resistivity percolation threshold for composites with aligned O-CNFs and A-CNFs occurred at approximately 0.75 wt.%. Discussion regarding the contribution of CNF type towards the mechanical and electrical properties is also presented.     

聚丙烯/马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯/环氧树脂/玻璃纤维复合材料的制备及其性能研究

通过双螺杆挤出机制备了聚丙烯/马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯/环氧树脂/玻璃纤维（PP/PP-g-MAH/EP/GF）复合材料,并研究了PP-g-MAH含量、EP含量及固化剂对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,PP-g-MAH含量为10份,含有固化剂EP的含量为3份时,复合材料的综合力学性能最佳;与不加EP的复合材料相比,其拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度分别提高了41 %、47 %、86 %。扫描电子显微镜分析表明,EP的加入明显改善了GF和PP基体的黏结强度。     

玻璃纤维／环氧树脂复合材料的热性能

本文采用E-玻璃纤维作为增强材料、双酚A环氧树脂和芳胺类固化剂作为基体制成复合材料试样,利用动态与静态热分析方法测定玻璃纤维／环氧树脂基复合材料的热性能,研究了玻璃纤维含量对复合材料动态热机械性能、玻璃化温度等热性能的影响。     

环氧树脂固化剂对高强玻璃纤维复合防弹板的力学性能影响分析

为高强玻璃纤维复合防弹板的环氧树脂固化剂进行研究。重点研究了三种不同固化剂的种类、用量及环氧树脂分子量对纤维复合板力学性能的影响。研究表明不同牌号、不同分子量的环氧树脂，对纤维复合板力学性能有一定影响。综合考虑选用间苯二胺作为高强玻璃纤维复合防弹板的固化剂。