EPP泡沫填充对铝蜂窝动态冲击性能的影响研究

采用动态冲击实验方法研究了EPP(聚丙烯塑料发泡材料)泡沫填充对铝蜂窝结构动态冲击性能的影响。研究发现:在相同的冲击速度下,相对空铝蜂窝,EPP泡沫填充铝蜂窝结构的初始峰值应力和平均应力分别提高了32.86%~68.57%和15.00%~72.50%,比吸能下降了33.54%~66.56%;在相同的泡沫密度下,填充结构的初始峰值应力、平均应力和比吸能值均随着冲击速度的增加而增加,2.6 m/s和3.2 m/s时的比吸能比2 m/s时的比吸能3.26 J/g增加了68.10%~152.45%;对比准静态压缩实验,动态冲击中的初始峰值应力提升了1.72%~12.04%,平均应力下降了6.51%~18.84%,比吸能下降了31.50%~65.50%。研究表明,利用EPP泡沫填充铝蜂窝,能改善铝蜂窝结构的轴向动态冲击性能。     

铝蜂窝填充CFRP结构的弯曲性能研究

CFRP相对于金属材料更加轻质高强,并且具有良好的抗冲击性能和成型工艺性能,已成为未来汽车轻量化的重要材料。采用三点弯曲实验和有限元仿真相结合的方法,对铝蜂窝填充CFRP结构的侧向力学性能和破坏机理开展了研究。实验结果表明,相对CFRP空管,铝蜂窝填充管件的平均峰值载荷、吸收能量和比吸能率分别提高17.09%、32.31%和0.9%,并且破坏过程也更加稳定。此外,采用了Ls-dyna软件对其受力进行了有限元仿真,获得了与物理实验相吻合的破坏模式和力-位移曲线。研究表明,利用轻质铝蜂窝结构填充CFRP管件,能有效改善CFRP结构的侧向弯曲性能,对指导轻量化汽车结构的设计具有重要意义。     

泡沫铝-钢纤维混凝土静态压缩性能试验研究

为研究静态荷载作用下的泡沫铝-钢纤维混凝土复合结构抗压性能,利用万能试验机分别对泡沫铝孔径为3~6 mm、6~9 mm、9~12 mm,钢纤维掺量(体积分数)为0%、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%的泡沫铝-钢纤维混凝土复合层试件进行压缩性能试验和拌合物性能分析,根据试验数据分析泡沫铝的孔径效应对泡沫铝-钢纤维混凝土复合结构压缩性能的影响规律。结果表明:钢纤维混凝土立方体抗压强度随着钢纤维掺量的增加逐渐增大,当钢纤维掺量为1.5%时,与素混凝土相比,其立方体抗压强度约提高22.6%;泡沫铝-钢纤维混凝土复合结构抗压强度相比较钢纤维混凝土提高约5.3%~8.2%,并且泡沫铝-钢纤维混凝土复合结构的静态压缩应力-应变曲线上会出现一段平台区,且平台区会随着泡沫铝孔径的增加而逐渐变长。     

新型金属泡沫-微柱群复合热沉内流动传热性能分析

高效热管理技术是大功率微电子设备安全运行的可靠保障。为进一步强化高功率电子器件的冷却效果,本文提出了一种新型泡沫铝-微柱群复合热沉结构。采用实验和数值模拟相结合的方法对新型水冷泡沫铝-微柱群复合热沉内的流场分布、壁面温度分布、阻力系数、换热性能及柱鳍与泡沫铝间的耦合传热规律等开展了深入分析。研究结果表明,与传统微柱群热沉相比,20PPI泡沫铝-微柱群复合热沉的壁面最高温度大幅降低,平均换热性能提升了33.9%~41.5%。然而,微柱群内填充泡沫铝却导致流动阻力增大,增加了7.9~10.5倍。泡沫铝-微柱群复合热沉的强化换热机理为：微柱群热沉内填充高热导率泡沫铝提升了热沉整体的有效导热性能,热量可通过金属泡沫固体骨架迅速传递,同时多孔界面较强的传热能力能够保证热量及时被冷却流体散除。本文相关研究成果可为高热流密度电子器件散热装置的研发提供理论指导。     

蜂窝厚度对纸蜂窝/聚乙烯泡沫复合层状结构的动态缓冲吸能特性的影响

针对纸蜂窝与聚乙烯泡沫的2种复合层状结构的缓冲防护作用,研究分析在不同跌落冲击条件下蜂窝厚度对其加速度响应、压缩变形和缓冲吸能特性的影响规律。在静态压缩中一层蜂窝对应一个应力波峰,而跌落冲击动态压缩中较大厚度蜂窝会出现次坍塌行为导致的小应力波峰,蜂窝厚度的增加能够提高聚乙烯泡沫及其复合层状结构的抗冲击能力。对于厚度为10、15、20、25 mm的纸蜂窝与聚乙烯泡沫的复合层状结构,在低冲击能量作用下蜂窝厚度的增加降低了缓冲吸能特性,而在高冲击能量作用下蜂窝厚度的增加能提高能量吸收能力。但是,大厚度70 mm纸蜂窝与聚乙烯泡沫的复合层状结构的缓冲吸能效果相对较差。对于相同的蜂窝厚度情况,在相同的冲击质量或冲击能量作用下,单面复合层状结构的应变能、比吸能和行程利用率相比双面复合层状结构分别提高了11.5 %、39.1 %和16.2 %,缓冲吸能效果更好。     

碳纤维八面体骨架增强泡沫复合结构的制备及力学性能分析

设计了一种不需加装面板的碳纤维八面体骨架增强泡沫复合结构,介绍了碳纤维八面体骨架增强泡沫复合结构的制作工艺。分别从实验测试以及理论分析两个方面,获得了碳纤维八面体骨架增强泡沫复合结构的抗压强度及压缩模量等力学性能。研究结果表明:受边界效应影响,碳纤维八面体骨架增强泡沫复合结构的抗压强度及压缩模量明显降低,实测抗压强度介于理论最大值与最小值,压缩模量甚至低于最小值。对比其他类型的碳纤维-泡沫复合结构,碳纤维八面体骨架增强泡沫复合结构在抗压强度与压缩模量上具有一定优势。碳纤维八面体骨架增强泡沫复合结构具有近乎各向同性的力学性能,密度低于水,耐腐蚀性高,在航海领域的应用前景广泛。     

影响模压EPP片材结构与性能的因素

研究超临界CO2生产发泡聚丙烯(EPP)条料的特性和结构,以及影响模压EPP片材结构与性能的因素。通过SEM、密度、压缩性能测试、压缩回弹率测试、吸水率测试,研究了EPP配方、挤出工艺与模压片材结构与性能的关系,为实际生产提供实验数据。     

平纹编织面板蜂窝夹芯结构侧压性能研究

为研究平纹编织面板蜂窝夹芯结构的侧向压缩性能,将蜂窝夹芯结构失效分为面板失效、蜂窝芯失效和胶层失效,基于渐进损伤分析方法建立蜂窝夹芯结构侧向压缩的损伤分析模型,对平纹编织面板蜂窝夹芯结构进行侧向压缩失效预测,与侧压性能试验结果相比,破坏强度非常吻合。结果表明,建立的侧向压缩损伤分析模型能够模拟平纹编织面板蜂窝夹芯结构侧向压缩的损伤起始、损伤扩展和最终破坏,并最终预测其侧压破坏强度。     

高温环境下蜂窝夹层结构埋件拉脱性能研究

介绍了常温环境下和高温环境下蜂窝夹层结构埋件拉脱性能的试验和结果,对比分析了高温环境对埋件拉脱性能的影响。结果发现,埋件在受法向拉脱力时,高温环境中承载力下降为常温的8%左右,且失效模式也发生了变化,由常温的蜂窝芯剪切破坏变为面板与蜂窝芯脱粘破坏;埋件在受面内拉脱力时,常温环境和高温环境下埋件分别呈现出了两种典型的失效模式,常温环境中失效模式为面板压缩破坏,高温环境中失效模式为面板皱褶失稳破坏,且拉脱力降为常温的28%左右。     

开孔泡沫铝内石蜡融化相变过程的可视化实验研究

采用光学显微与红外热成像技术对开孔泡沫铝内石蜡的融化相变过程进行了可视化实验,更加直观地考察泡沫铝强化石蜡传热性能,并重点分析泡沫金属微观孔隙结构下石蜡融化界面演化、融化液相流体流动及温度分布特征。研究结果表明：相变材料中填充泡沫金属可有效降低导热热阻、强化相变传热;与纯石蜡系统相比,石蜡/泡沫铝复合材料系统温度分布更加均匀,具有更好的热响应性能。与纯石蜡系统存在明显的融化前沿界面相比,石蜡/泡沫铝复合系统中融化区与非融化区交错分布,融化界面相对模糊。此外,实验还观测到泡沫铝内石蜡融化液相中存在大量片絮状悬浮物现象。     

High-velocity impact loading in honeycomb sandwich panels reinforced with polymer foam: a numerical approach study

The employment of lightweight structures is one of the most important goals in various industries. The lightweight sandwich panel is an excellent energy absorber and also a perfect way for decreasing the risk of impact. In this paper, a numerical study of high-velocity impact on honeycomb sandwich panels reinforced with polymer foam was performed. The results of numerical simulation are compared with the experimental findings. The numerical modeling of high-velocity penetration process was carried out using nonlinear explicit finite-element code, LS-DYNA. The aluminum honeycomb structure, unfilled honeycomb sandwich panel, and the sandwich panels filled with three types of polyurethane foam (foam 1: 56.94, foam 2: 108.65, and foam 3: 137.13 kg/m³) were investigated to demonstrate damage modes, ballistic limit velocity, absorbed energy, and specific energy absorption (SEA) capacity. The numerical ballistic limit velocity of sandwich panels, filled with three types of foam, was more than that of a bare honeycomb core and unfilled sandwich panel. In addition, the numerical results showed that the sandwich panel filled with the highest density foam could increase the strength of sandwich panel and the numerical specific energy absorption of this structure was 23% more than that of unfilled. Finally, the numerical results were in good agreement with experimental findings.

     

蓄冰球中填充泡沫铝的融化相变传热过程的数值模拟

建立了蓄冰球中填充泡沫铝的融化相变过程自然对流模型,模型中考虑了固相与液相密度差和自然对流的影响。数值模拟了以铝为骨架、冰为填充相的单个冰球的二维融化过程,得到了在第三类边界条件下蓄冰球融化过程的温度场和相界面移动规律,并与只填充纯冰的蓄冰球传热过程进行比较,同时分析了泡沫铝的孔隙率对融化时间的影响。     

夹芯复合材料T型连接结构悬臂弯曲强度特性分析

针对夹芯复合材料T型连接结构,建立了有限元模型,模拟其在悬臂弯曲位移载荷下损伤产生、扩展及失效的过程,进行了悬臂弯曲试验验证模拟结果,进行了结构优化分析。试验结果表明:初始损伤产生时的位移为30 mm~32 mm,对应载荷为7.5 k N~7.7 k N,损伤产生后结构刚度降低,随着位移增加,承载力持续上升,失效强度较初始损伤强度提高了41%~55%;计算结果与试验结果相吻合,且表明初始损伤为复合材料压缩失效,产生于隔板下面板与增强区连接处,随着位移载荷的增加,损伤面积增大最终导致整体结构失效;优化结果表明,提高隔板下面板和芯材厚度,可降低隔板下面板的最大应力和失效因子,缩小上下面板的失效因子差,充分发挥结构性能。     

蜂窝结构复合硅橡胶泡沫材料的制备与性能

采用同步硫化技术制备了蜂窝结构理面复合硅橡胶泡沫材料。对材料进行了ＳＥＭ照片分析,并测试了材料的拉伸和压缩应力－应变曲线。结果表明：蜂窝结构硅橡胶泡沫材料内部为大小不等但相互边通的开孔网络结构、泡沫与硅橡胶之间无明显界面;拉伸性能比开孔硅橡胶泡沫材料高得多;压缩性能与开孔硅橡胶泡沫相近。     

Comparison of foam core sandwich panel and through‐thickness polymer pin–reinforced foam core sandwich panel subject to indentation and flatwise compression loadings

Through‐thickness polymer pin–reinforced foam core sandwich (FCS) panels are new type of composite sandwich structure as the foam core of this structure was reinforced with cylindrical polymer pins, which also rigidly connect the face sheets. These sandwich panels are made of glass fiber–reinforced polyester face sheets and closed‐cell polyurethane foam core with cylindrical polymer pins produced during fabrication process. The indentation and compression behavior of these sandwich panels were compared with common traditional sandwich panel, and it has been found that by reinforcing the foam core with cylindrical polymer pins, the indentation strength, energy absorption, and compression strength of the sandwich panels were improved significantly. The effect of diameter of polymer pins on indentation and compression behavior of both sandwich panels was studied and results showed that the diameter of polymer pins had a large influence on the compression and indentation behavior of through‐thickness polymer pin–reinforced FCS panel, and the effect of adding polymer pins to FCS panel on indentation behavior is similar to the effect of increasing the thickness of face sheet. The effect of strain rate on indentation behavior of FCS panel and through‐thickness polymer pin–reinforced FCS panel were studied, and results showed that both types of composite sandwich panels are strain rate dependent structure as by increasing strain rate, the indentation properties and energy absorption properties of these structures are increased. POLYM. COMPOS., 37:612–619, 2016. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Crush Behavior of Conical Composite Shells: Effect of Cone Angle and Diameter/Wall Thickness Ratio

The crush behavior of truncated, conical, foam-filled, empty shells subjected to quasi-static axial crushing is investigated experimentally. Epoxy resin/E-glass shells with cone angles of 0°, 11°, and 22° and with three different diameter-wall thickness ratios were tested. Polyurethane foam with a density of 55 kg/m³ was used in filled specimens. For empty shells showing an unstable failure mode, energy absorption was increased with the cone angle. In contrast, foam-filled shells showed a stable progressive crushing failure and a reverse trend in energy absorption with the cone angle.     

Low speed impact behaviour of adhesively bonded foam-core sandwich T-joints

This paper investigates the effects of foam core density and aluminum skin plates on the low speed impact behaviour of adhesively bonded sandwich T-joints having a PVC foam core and aluminum face-sheets. The dynamic response of adhesively bonded sandwich T-joints was analyzed by the explicit finite element method. Two different material models were implemented to the foam core material: a hyperelastic model and a crushable foam material with ductile damage whereas the aluminum face-sheets were modelled as an elasto-plastic material. The cohesive response of adhesive interfaces was included using three dimensional cohesive element based on cohesive zone model. Adhesively bonded sandwich T-joint specimens were manufactured and tested to validate the numerical model. A very good agreement between the experimental and FE results were achieved. The density of the foam core material of adhesively bonded sandwich T-joint played important role on the joint failure mechanism. The joint having a stiffer foam core experienced more damage in both stiffener panel and adhesive layers.     

泡沫夹层结构的模压共固化成型工艺及参数选定

在分析夹层结构的基础上,概述了常用芯材包括铝蜂窝、NOMEX蜂窝和聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺泡沫塑料的性能和特点,介绍了刚性泡沫夹层结构常用的成型工艺,详细阐述了刚性泡沫夹层结构的模压共固化成型工艺及相关参数的选定。