蓄热式加热炉用蓄热室性能检测技术开发

对国内目前关于蓄热体的研发现状进行了介绍和分析.针对目前对蓄热体的研究主要集中在蓄热体的开发和设计方面,而在蓄热体投用后的性能等却缺乏研究的特点,提出了一种蓄热体的性能诊断技术.其原理是通过温度成像实现对表面温度的精确测定,在大型蓄热加热炉上应用该技术后,得到了蓄热室外表面的温度分布,为蓄热室确定定修时间等提供了技术依据,有利于提高炉子的生产率.     

蓄热式热交换器热工行为的研究

利用热交换器内固体温度分布特征值σ＾２的数学表达式和固体温度前沿扩展的分析得出的蓄热式热交换器效率的计算式，讨论了影响该热交换器效率的若干因素及定量关系，为蓄热式热交换器热工行为的进一步研究、优化设计方法的建立，以及现有蓄热式热交换器热工行为的评价，提供了理论依据。     

机床厂蓄热室加热炉特性的研究

对某地机床厂正在运行的蓄热室加热炉进行测量,分析得出该蓄热室加热炉的产量和供热量、单位产品燃料消耗量和供热量的函数关系,总结出蓄热室加热炉在换向周期内排烟温度的变化规律。     

自蓄热燃烧器炉内热特性数值模拟研究

利用数值模拟的方法研究了三种不同结构下自蓄热燃烧器对炉内温度的影响。结合炉内实际燃烧状况,对模型进行了简化。应用标准k-ε方程、P1辐射模型和能量方程,通过观察不同结构下自蓄热燃烧器的温度分布及其趋势,分析出自蓄热燃烧器的结构对炉内温度分布的影响,找出较为合理的温度分布规律。研究结果可为自蓄热燃烧器的设计提供参考。     

蜂窝陶瓷蓄热体传热及气体流动特性的数值模拟

蓄热体是蓄热式燃烧技术的重要部分,文章运用数值模拟方法模拟了蜂窝陶瓷蓄热体的换热过程,利用Fluent软件对蓄热体达到稳定工作状态前冷端和热端温度变化做了数值模拟和分析,并得到了蓄热体稳定工作时气体温度、速度及压力分布规律,为蓄热体的实际应用提供了一定的理论依据和指导。     

蓄热式加热炉能耗的影响因素分析

基于某厂蓄热式板坯加热炉,通过现场测量、理论计算和燃烧模拟相结合的方法,从理论计算的角度定量分析研究装钢温度、蓄热体蓄热能力以及炉体保温三个因素对加热炉能耗和炉内燃烧的影响。研究结果表明,该加热炉每小时的额外热损耗占燃料供热量的4.29%,且当燃料供应量相同时,装钢温度的提高和空煤气预热温度的提高,均能提高燃烧温度,从而达到节能的目的。通过上述的计算,为某厂蓄热式加热炉的节能降耗实践提供了理论依据和指导。     

紧凑型蓄热式热风炉的开发

针对目前热风炉系统复杂及热风温度低等问题,基于蓄热式技术原理开发了一种紧凑型蓄热式热风系统,并分析了其优势.该系统采用单燃烧室对应多蓄热室的形式使得系统结构紧凑;采用蜂窝式蓄热体作蓄热介质使得设备结构紧凑,提高了换热效率,解决了风温低的问题;将燃烧室与蓄热室独立砌筑,整个工作周期内燃烧室稳定燃烧,蓄热室周期切换,使得控制系统紧凑.并在此基础上,设计了应用于竖炉焙烧系统的风量为30000m3/h,风温为900℃的紧凑型蓄热式热风炉.     

蓄热式钢包烘烤器的开发与应用

简述了蓄热式燃烧技术的工作原理、性能特点及在济钢150t钢水罐烘烤器上的应用。测定了不同类型的烘烤器烘烤钢水罐衬层时,钢水罐外壳的升温曲线及介质预热达到的温度。通过效果检测,确定了蓄热式燃烧技术在烘烤钢水罐耐火材料时,缩短烘烤时间也可达到需要的衬层温度;同时能使炼钢厂降低能耗、改善工作环境。     

蓄热式钢包烘烤的数值模拟

为了对钢包的烘烤温度进行在线预测,笔者耦合了流体流动、燃烧和换热过程,建立了多入口、多出口的三维非稳态钢包烘烤数学模型。利用计算流体力学软件CFX4．3,采用有限差分方法和修正的速度一压力耦合算法SIMPLEC,计算了某厂蓄热式钢包内衬的温度分布,重点分析了不同气体预热温度下钢包内衬温度的变化规律,并进行了实验验证。结果表明,采用助燃空气一煤气双预热的蓄热式燃烧技术能够有效地提高钢包的烘烤速度和加热均匀性;气体预热温度越高,包衬终点温度越高,温度均匀性也越好。计算结果与实验及工程现象基本吻合,证明该模型对指导现场生产具有重要意义。     

加热炉烟气反吹系统对蓄热体的影响

蓄热式加热炉在煤气换向阀切换为抽烟气时,烧嘴内的残余煤气与高温烟气发生二次燃烧,导致烧嘴局部温度瞬间高于蓄热体的最高使用温度,在高温和氧化铁粉末的共同作用下会造成煤气烧嘴第1层蓄热体出现开裂、变形、气孔堵塞的现象。研究了在加热炉上增设一套烟气反吹系统以解决蓄热体局部过烧的问题。实际应用效果表明,该系统以低温烟气将煤气烧嘴及支管内的残余煤气置换到炉内进行燃烧,不仅能杜绝煤气在烧嘴内发生二次燃烧,有效地控制蓄热体温度,延长其使用寿命,还能大幅度降低烟气中CO的含量,减少化学能耗损失和环境污染。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.