PTT纤维织物的印花工艺研究

本文对PTT纤维织物的印花工艺进行了初步的研究,以分散染料的上染色深值为依据,分别就其固色温度,固色相对湿度,固色时间,尿素用量,硫酸铵用量等工艺参数对印花效果作了分析与比较.     

粘胶织物的活性染料干法转移印花

采用活性染料对粘胶织物进行干法转移印花,探讨了改性糊料中高取代羟丙基纤维素(H-HPC)、海藻酸钠(SA)、三氯乙酸(TCAA)和尿素质量分数,以及碱剂种类对粘胶织物印花得色量和染料渗透率、固色率的影响;对转移印花工艺中的热压温度、热压压力、汽蒸温度和汽蒸时间进行了优化。结果表明,H-HPC、尿素、热压压力对粘胶织物印花得色量的影响较显著;加入三氯乙酸可提高织物K/S值和染料固色率;采用含有3%H-HPC、2.5%SA、3%碳酸氢钠、2.5%TCAA、5%尿素、3%双氰胺、0.5%纳米Si O2的改性糊料制备转印纸,并在热压温度为120℃、热压压力为5 MPa、汽蒸温度为100℃、汽蒸时间为15 min的条件下,粘胶织物印花得色量和固色率较高,且耐洗色牢度和耐摩擦色牢度可达4~5级。     

高固色率和高沾色牢度活性深红染料的应用

为了提高活性深红染料的固色率、解决白地沾色牢度差的问题,将开发的具有高固色率和高沾色牢度的活性深红PRS用于棉织物和人造棉织物的印花。结果表明：当染料质量分数达到5%(owf)时,活性深红PRS在棉织物上的固色率为90.75%;当染料质量分数小于2%(owf)时,活性深红PRS印花棉织物和粘胶织物的白地沾色牢度分别为4～5级和5级;当染料质量分数超过6%(owf)时,其印花棉织物和粘胶织物的白地沾色牢度均能达到3～4级,比现有活性深红PRB印花织物高1～2级;该种染料用于棉织物印花时,蒸化时间可缩短至3 min,且尿素用量对其印花织物的色深影响不大;活性深红PRS可在低碱量条件下印花,与常规小苏打质量分数为2.5%的用量相比,碱量可降低40%。     

印花用高稳定性活性深蓝的开发及应用性能

为了解决市场现有活性深蓝KR存在的印花工艺不稳定、固色率低和印花织物产生渗色的问题,开发了适用于印花工艺的高稳定性活性深蓝PRB,考察了染料的提升性能以及尿素用量、蒸化湿度和蒸化时间对染料稳定性能的影响。结果表明,该支活性染料对尿素用量及蒸化湿度依存性小,工艺变化对其影响较低;将该支染料用于棉和黏胶纤维织物时,染料在棉和黏胶纤维织物上的固色率达到75.0%左右,比市场现有活性深蓝KR高15.0%左右;白布沾色牢度为4级,比活性深蓝KR提高2级,印花织物边缘清晰,无渗色现象。     

涤棉织物分散/活性同浆印花工艺

本文对涤棉织物分散/活性同浆印花用染料和工艺条件进行了研究。通过筛选染料,研究分散/活性染料烘干温度,焙烘固色时间和温度,印花色浆中尿素、碱的用量对其固色率的影响,确定最佳焙烘工艺条件,同时研究了表面活性剂对印花沾色性能的影响。结果表明,使用合适的染料和热焙烘工艺,活性染料和分散染料都能得到很好的固色,印花产品的各项牢度优良,平平加O和防沾色剂的混合碱水洗涤可以很好防止白地沾污。本实验工艺能满足生产需要。     

活性染料无尿素印花技术

活性染料色谱齐全,湿牢度高,手感柔软,是纤维素纤维印花用的主要染料.不但在棉、粘胶、天丝(R)、麻类织物上广泛应用,而且在真丝类织物上也大量使用.目前大多数印.花企业采用全料法工艺,因此尿素用量很大.我国《国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年计划纲要》明确提出氨氮减排10％的目标,因此市场亟需无尿素或低尿素的新型染料和固色系统.1 传统活性印花染料和固色系统存在的缺陷活性印花染料必须满足印花的要求:溶解度要高,直接性要低,提升率要高,固色率要高,色浆稳定性要好,重现性要好,白底沾色要小等.     

染苑精粹

活性印花棉织物饱和蒸汽辅助射频固色2012081探讨了固色方式和印花色浆中尿素用量对棉织物Novacron活性染料印花效果的影响。印花棉织物烘燥后,分别采用三种不同的方式固色:①102℃饱和蒸汽固色10 min;②150℃热固色5 min;③在配置有饱和蒸汽发生器的射频烘燥机中固色1～10 min。结果表明,尿素用量是影响印花织物得色量的决定性因素,且其对射频固色印花织物的影响更大。尿素用量为100 g/L时,采用饱和蒸汽辅助射频于500 A固色3 min或300 A固色5 min,即可获得与传统固色方法相当的得色量,省时节能。摘译自英国《染色技术》,2011,3,179～185     

蚕丝织物的低温Mannich反应印花性能

为了探索对蚕丝织物的节能环保印花新方法,文章对商品C.I.活性橙13进行改性处理后,其可以转变为含芳伯胺基的染料M橙13。然后分别采用传统活性染料配方和芳伯胺染料三组分Mannich反应配方对蚕丝织物进行筛网印花,比较研究低温固色工艺对两种染料及印花配方的着色性能。与常规高温汽蒸固色进行对照,通过测定印花蚕丝织物的着色K/S值和固色率来评价不同染料及工艺的差异,分析低温固色过程温度、时间等工艺参数对芳伯胺染料Mannich反应印花性能的作用。结果表明,低温保湿放置温度对蚕丝织物的活性染料和芳伯胺染料Mannich反应印花K/S值有一定的影响,常规活性染料配方印花在60℃条件下低温保湿放置3 h就能获得较高的K/S值,比活性染料印花高温汽蒸固色工艺织物的K/S值稍低。而基于Mannich反应机制的芳伯胺染料印花和常规活性染料印花在相同低温保湿放置条件下获得相近的K/S值,且两种印花方法的耐皂洗色牢度和耐摩擦色牢度均能达到4级以上。因此,采用Mannich反应机制的芳伯胺染料印花可以获得低温无盐无碱固色的高色牢度印花性能。     

大豆/PTT分散/中性固色活性染料一浴一步法染色

探讨了染色温度、pH值、元明粉用量和染料用量对分散蓝2BLN与中性固色活性染料Argazol蓝NF-BG对大豆/PTT混纺织物一浴一步法染色后染色织物的表观色深K/S值的影响,测定了不同染料对染色织物牢度的影响。结果表明：当中性固色活性染料NF1.2%omf,分散蓝2BLN0.4%omf,染色pH为7,元明粉用量为50...     

聚醚磺酸盐在活性艳蓝P-3R无尿素印花的应用

针对活性染料在纯棉织物印花过程中存在印染废水氨氮污染问题,以无氮聚醚磺酸盐表面活性剂为主要成分复配的混合物助剂A-71作为尿素替代品,研究了助剂A-71在棉织物印花过程中对活性艳蓝P-3R的固色率、提升力性能的影响,并与传统尿素条件下印花织物的颜色参数及色牢度等性能进行比较。结果表明:当助剂A-71用量为6.0%时,染料的固色率及提升力性能可以达到5.0%全尿素印花条件下的水平,且在此条件下不影响染料的色光及色牢度。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press