共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Tippawan Prapamontol Dan Norbäck Nathaporn Thongjan Neeranuch Suwannarin Kawinwut Somsunun Pitakchon Ponsawansong Tosabhorn Khuanpan Sawaeng Kawichai Warangkana Naksen 《Indoor air》2021,31(6):2252-2265
We performed a repeated questionnaire study on home environment and health (six medical symptoms) in 1159 junior high school students (age 12.8 ± 0.7 years) in upper northern Thailand in wet and dry seasons. Data on outdoor temperature, relative humidity (RH), and air pollution were collected from nearest monitoring station. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated by multi-level logistic regression. Most common symptoms were rhinitis (62.5%), headache (49.8%), throat (42.8%), and ocular symptoms (42.5%). Ocular symptoms were more common at lower RH and rhinitis more common in dry season. Water leakage (28.2%), indoor mold (7.1%), mold odor (4.1%), and windowpane condensation (13.6%) were associated with all six symptoms (ORs: 1.3–3.5). Other risk factors included cat keeping, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), other odor than mold odor, gas cooking, and cooking with biomass fire. Biomass burning inside and outside the home for other reasons than cooking was associated with all six symptoms (ORs: 1.5–2.6). Associations between home environment exposure and rhinitis were stronger in wet season. In conclusion, dampness-related exposure, windowpane condensation, cat keeping, ETS, gas cooking, and biomass burning can impair adolescent health in upper northern Thailand. In subtropical areas, environmental health effects should be investigated in wet and dry seasons. 相似文献
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In a warm and humid climate, increasing the temperature set point offers considerable energy benefits with low first costs. Elevated air movement generated by a personally controlled fan can compensate for the negative effects caused by an increased temperature set point. Fifty‐six tropically acclimatized persons in common Singaporean office attire (0.7 clo) were exposed for 90 minutes to each of five conditions: 23, 26, and 29°C and in the latter two cases with and without occupant‐controlled air movement. Relative humidity was maintained at 60%. We tested thermal comfort, perceived air quality, sick building syndrome symptoms, and cognitive performance. We found that thermal comfort, perceived air quality, and sick building syndrome symptoms are equal or better at 26°C and 29°C than at the common set point of 23°C if a personally controlled fan is available for use. The best cognitive performance (as indicated by task speed) was obtained at 26°C; at 29°C, the availability of an occupant‐controlled fan partially mitigated the negative effect of the elevated temperature. The typical Singaporean indoor air temperature set point of 23°C yielded the lowest cognitive performance. An elevated set point in air‐conditioned buildings augmented with personally controlled fans might yield benefits for reduced energy use and improved indoor environmental quality in tropical climates. 相似文献
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介绍了一个芬兰地下空间病态建筑综合症调查实例,分析了地下空间的热环境特点和影响其空气品质的主要因素,提出了改善地下空间空气品质的方法。 相似文献
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国外非工业建筑室内空气品质研究动态 总被引:37,自引:1,他引:37
以197年健康建筑和室内空气品质国际会议文献为基础,概略介绍了国际上的有关研究近况,涉及病态建筑综合症和室内空气污染问题以及减少污染的办法和手段,阐述了作者对我国室内空气品质问题的看法。 相似文献
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Xin Zhang Dan Norbck Qiannan Fan Xu Bai Tian Li Yinping Zhang Baizhan Li Zhuohui Zhao Chen Huang Qihong Deng Chan Lu Hua Qian Yang Xu Yuexia Sun Jan Sundell Juan Wang 《Indoor air》2019,29(1):30-42
We studied dampness and mold in China in relation to rhinitis, ocular, throat and dermal symptoms, headache and fatigue. A questionnaire study was performed in six cities including 36 541 randomized parents of young children. Seven self‐reported signs of dampness were evaluated. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs). Totally, 3.1% had weekly rhinitis, 2.8% eye, 4.1% throat and 4.8% skin symptoms, 3.0% headache and 13.9% fatigue. Overall, 6.3% of the homes had mold, 11.1% damp stains, 35.3% damp bed clothing, 12.8% water damage, 45.4% window pane condensation, 11.1% mold odor, and 37.5% humid air. All dampness signs were associated with symptoms (ORs from 1.2 to 4.6; P < 0.001), including rhinitis (ORs from 1.4 to 3.2; P < 0.001), and ORs increased by number of dampness signs. The strongest associations were for mold odor (ORs from 2.3 to 4.6) and humid air (ORs from 2.8 to 4.8). Associations were stronger among men and stronger in Beijing as compared to south China. In conclusion, dampness and mold are common in Chinese homes and associated with rhinitis and ocular, throat and dermal symptoms, headache and fatigue. Men can be more sensitive to dampness and health effects of dampness can be stronger in northern China. 相似文献
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影响生产率的要素--室内环境品质 总被引:24,自引:2,他引:22
指出了影响室内人员生产率的各个因素,着重从室内空气品质、通风率、相对湿度、温度的角度分析了其中环境因素的作用,解决了室内环境因素的概念。认为改善室内环境品质可以提高生产率和健康水平,但亦可能有消极的作用。 相似文献
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Thermal comfort, self‐reported acute health symptoms, cognitive performance, and physiological reactions were examined at four temperatures (26, 30, 33, and 37°C) at a relative humidity of 70%. Thirty‐two sub‐tropically acclimatized subjects experienced each condition for 175 minute, in balanced order, in a climatic chamber. The perception of heat gradually increased with increasing temperature, but the subjects felt hot only at 37°C. The temperature of 33°C was on average rated as acceptable and only just uncomfortable. The acceptability of air quality decreased linearly with increasing temperature. The intensity of acute health symptoms reported by the subjects increased with increasing temperature, but it was no more than moderate even at the highest temperature; dryness of skin and eye were alleviated. The eardrum temperature, skin temperature and moisture, heart rate, end‐tidal carbon dioxide, and weight loss increased significantly with increasing temperature, whereas the percentage of adjacent heart inter‐beat intervals differing by >50 ms decreased significantly. These results suggest that the perceived heat, self‐reported symptoms, and physiological reactions occurred concurrently. They show additionally that acclimatization to heat may shift the boundary of thermal discomfort to a higher temperature. The role of psychological adaptation and of the contextual aspects of this process still requires clarification in future experiments. 相似文献
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参照美国ASHRAE标准62—1999,对影响室内空气品质的因素进行了分析,如室内的污染源、受污染的室外空气、不足的新风量、气流组织的不当、空调系统运行管理维护的不当等等,对这些影响因素的深入分析是避免病态建筑、实现健康建筑的基础。 相似文献
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A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of sick building syndrome symptoms and its associated factors among bank employees. Data were collected through a self-administered MM040NA questionnaire among 234 employees of commercial banks in Pokhara Metropolitan, Nepal. The prevalence of general, ocular, respiratory, and dermal sick building syndrome symptoms was 47.6%, 11.9%, 11.9%, and 8.1%, respectively. The perceived indoor physical environment was a significant predictor of sick building syndrome symptoms. Besides this, age, disturbance from temperature and work pressure were significantly associated with general symptoms. Ocular symptoms were significantly associated with disturbance from noise at their workplaces and support from fellow workers. Respiratory symptoms were significantly associated with the time spent working with a photocopy machine. Proper maintenance of room temperature, noise control, good ventilation system, and promotion of supportive psychosocial working environment at banks is important to prevent and control the suffering of employees from SBS symptoms. 相似文献
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分别采用对4次相对湿度、4次含湿量、4次露点温度以及4次湿球温度进行直线插值或3次样条插值等8种计算方法生成的逐时相对湿度,从统计学和能耗模拟两个角度,与实测值进行对比分析。分析结果表明,由4次含湿量(或露点温度)进行线性插值计算生成的逐时相对湿度与实测相对湿度吻合较好;并据此给出了由逐时相对湿度根据关联性计算生成逐时含湿量、湿球温度、露点温度的方法。 相似文献
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对上海市某住宅建筑室内外PM10、PM2.5、PM1的浓度进行了测量,研究了最小通风量(外门窗关闭)条件下3种天气时颗粒浓度随时间变化的规律以及相关性,分析了颗粒物浓度与环境温湿度参数之间的关系。研究结果显示,测试期间,室内外空气中细颗粒(PM 2.5)占可吸入颗粒(PM 10)浓度比例分别达65%和87%以上;无明显室内源时,I/O比值小于1且随粒径减小而减小;室内外颗粒浓度相关性与粒径大小有关系,PM1、PM2.5的浓度相关性大于PM10。研究还表明,颗粒物浓度的关联性与天气状况有关系,多云、雨天和阴天时浓度关联性有显著差别;颗粒物的浓度受到室内外温湿度的影响,且受天气状况影响而呈现复杂性。 相似文献
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干湿交替下混凝土内部相对湿度变化规律 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分别采用清水和硫酸盐溶液作为湿润溶液,对C30和C80这2个强度等级混凝土进行了干湿交替试验,测量了干湿交替下混凝土不同深度处的相对湿度随时间的发展规律.结果表明:在覆膜养护阶段,混凝土内部相对湿度的发展遵循两阶段发展模式,即首先经历一段湿度饱和期(湿度为100%),然后进入湿度下降期;混凝土内部相对湿度沿高度呈现明显的梯度;当混凝土进入干湿交替过程后,只有距混凝土表层一定深度范围内的相对湿度发生变化,大于此深度处的混凝土相对湿度基本保持不变,此深度即为干湿交替影响深度;不同强度等级混凝土在相同干湿交替条件下影响深度不同,混凝土水灰比越小,强度等级越高,影响深度越小;湿润过程采用硫酸盐溶液时,混凝土的干湿交替影响深度要比采用清水时大. 相似文献
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The paper addresses the question of what is a 'healthy'building, and whether the definition normally expressed in terms of occupant well-being has changed over a period of time. This definition is considered in relation to the relevant physical correlates, and suggested that they support the idea of the light, airy building. Air quality is then investigated to see how it can be, and perhaps more importantly how it is, incorporated into current solutions. Two design approaches are suggested from which a decision can be made as to use and profit from the shape of buildings; these are climatically rejecting and climatically interactive, and the use of either can result in solutions of differing orders of technical complexity. Finally it is suggested that some of these orders of complexity of solution are more difficult to operate healthily than others, and indications are given of possible ways ahead. 相似文献
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对该文作者质疑笔者文章的一些观点及所提出的一些观点不认同,再次强调空调系统应包括所有形式的空调系统,针对某些系统形式得出的结论并不能适用于所有系统. 相似文献
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David Crichton 《Building Research & Information》2013,41(3):293-299
A set of experiments is reported that tests the contribution of building components to the overall hygroscopic inertia of a room and its effect on the relative humidity variation. All the experiments were produced in an innovative flux chamber explicitly built for this purpose. The samples used in the tests included not only common renderings with different applied coatings, but also other materials that can be found inside buildings, such as paper. The tests focused on daily cycles of relative humidity variation, similar to those found in bedrooms or office spaces. The results revealed that even renders with low hygroscopicity can have a relevant contribution to the moderation of inside relative humidity variations, thereby placing a focus on the selection of coatings. Il est rendu compte d'une série d'expériences qui analyse la contribution des éléments de construction à l'inertie hygroscopique globale d'une pièce et son effet sur la variation de l'humidité relative. Toutes les expériences ont été réalisées dans une chambre à flux innovante spécialement construite à cet effet. Les échantillons utilisés dans les essais comprenaient non seulement des crépis courants appliqués en différentes couches, mais également d'autres matériaux que l'on peut trouver à l'intérieur des bâtiments, tels que le papier. Les essais étaient centrés sur les cycles journaliers de variation de l'humidité relative, similaires à ceux que l'on trouve dans les chambres ou les bureaux. Les résultats ont révélé que même les crépis qui ont une faible hygroscopicité peuvent contribuer utilement à modérer les variations de l'humidité relative intérieure, l'accent étant mis de ce fait sur l'importance du choix des revêtements. Mots clés: matériaux de construction; chambre à flux; inertie hygroscopique; qualité de l'air intérieur; finitions intérieures; humidité relative 相似文献
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广州是我国夏热冬暖地区的典型代表城市,全年空调运行时间比较长。本文选取了广州市中心的8栋典型办公建筑,对每栋办公建筑的不同办公区域进行了室内温湿度和CO2浓度的现场测量,对所测得的各项数据进行了分析,并对存在的问题提出了针对性的建议。 相似文献