Turmeric (Curcuma longa) a natural source of edible yellow colour

Curcuma longa, L. an important natural sources of yellow colour was successfully extracted with acetone, ethanol and propanol. The liquid colour was developed from concentrated oleoresin (50 mL) by addition of 10 mL of polysorbate. The resultant liquid colour was water‐soluble. The powder colour was prepared by crystallisation of concentrated oleoresin. The best quality of crystals (dry) was formed with petroleum ether. The result of physico‐chemical properties revealed that liquid colour was soluble in all water‐based medium while crystallised colour was fat‐soluble on heating. Both liquid and crystal colour retained >80% of their colour for 6 months. It was concluded that yellow colour in liquid and crystal form could be developed from turmeric with acceptable physico‐chemical properties. Both colour can be used in food products and had good market potential.     

新型太阳能干燥装置在枸杞烘干中的应用

本文简要地介绍一种新型太阳能枸杞干燥装置结构形式。通过太阳能热利用原理计算推导出在太阳能集热器上的辐射强度,根据经验公式算出所需的集热器有效面积,通过实测得出每千斤枸杞所配置最佳面积。     

Turmeric (Curcuma longa) whole powder reduces accumulation of visceral fat mass and increases hepatic oxidative stress in rats fed a high-fat diet

Turmeric powder (TP) containing approximately 5.15% curcumin was evaluated for reduction of development of high-fat diet-induced obesity. Rats were fed a 30% fat diet containing 5, 10, and 20 g of TP/100 g of diet (TP-5, TP-10, and TP-20 groups) for 30 days. Body weight gain, energy intake, and the visceral fat mass for the TP-10 and TP-20 groups were lower than for the control group. Serum triglyceride and hepatic total lipid levels for the TP-10 and TP-20 groups were lower than for the control group. The hepatic glutathione concentration and the glutathione-S-transferase activity for all TP groups, and the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level for the TP-20 group, were higher than for the control group. A high dose of turmeric powder apparently reduces development of high-fat diet-induced obesity, but also causes the adverse effect of increasing oxidative stress in rats.     

干燥工艺对姜黄中姜黄素类化合物和挥发油的影响

研究了不同的干燥温度(60,80,100,120,150℃)、时间(2,4,6,8,10 h)对姜黄中姜黄素类化合物及挥发油的影响,从而进一步探讨姜黄在实际干燥过程中温度的选择.将姜黄在不同温度(60～150℃)下干燥一定时间(0～10 h),利用超声波辅助萃取法萃取姜黄素类化合物,水蒸气蒸馏法提取姜黄挥发油,并分别计...     

Thin layer drying model for simulating the drying of Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) in a solar tunnel dryer

Mathematical models for predicting the plenum chamber temperatures developed by a solar tunnel dryer and the drying of Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) in the solar tunnel dryer was developed, and simulated in Visual Basic 6 (Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0™). Based on Student’s t-test, the simulated and actual data for both plenum chamber temperature and moisture ratio did not differ significant at 5% level of significance. In addition, the simulated and actual moisture ratios showed similar trends, and reduced exponentially with drying time. Further, the performances of models at 10% residual error interval were 83% and 81% for plenum chamber temperature and moisture ratio, respectively. Finally, strong linear correlations existed between simulated and actual data for plenum chamber temperature (R² = 0.961), and for moisture ratio (R² = 0.995). Therefore, the model can be used to predict the drying of Tilapia fish in a solar tunnel dryer.     

太阳能干燥对干湿梅品质的影响

以干湿梅为样品,利用小型太阳能连续干燥设备,研究了干湿梅的干燥特性,分析了产品的理化性质和感官品质。结果表明,干燥过程中干燥介质的温湿度与外界环境相比有明显差异,干燥室白天日照时温度会高于环境温度,干燥时间明显缩短,高效且避免了缓苏产品色泽口感品质的不利影响;干燥过程是内部水分扩散控制的降速干燥过程,达到目标湿基湿含量(58%～60%)和盐含量(28%～32%)时,自然日晒干燥约需50h,而太阳能自然对流干燥只需14h;水分扩散速率和理化指标随样品在干燥室中所处位置不同而异,环境温度的上升使其在干燥7～10h中有较高的干燥速率;干燥过程中样品的色泽会逐渐变深、体积略有收缩、果肉硬度增加,实验表明在干燥室第二层的样品感官分值为4.40±0.03,整体感官品质优于自然日晒干燥产品。     

Response surfaces of total oil yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa) in supercritical carbon dioxide

The process variables pressure, temperature and flow rate were studied for optimisation of total oil yield by response surface methodology following a Box–Behnken design of experiments. The results indicated: (a) a rise in the temperature of extraction leads to decrease in oil yield. (b) The optimum pressure for the extraction of oil was found to be 22.5 MPa. (c) general increase in oil yield with an increase in flow rate. The experimental oil yield is in good agreement with the predicted one. The response surface methodology used in this study was able to predict the optimal extraction conditions for the total yield of turmeric oil.     

The nanotech potential of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) in food technology: A review

Abstract

New trends in food are emerging in response to consumer awareness of the relationship between food and health, which has triggered the need to generate new alternatives that meet the expectations of the market. Revolutionary fields such as nanotechnology have been used for the encapsulation of nutritional ingredients and have great potential for the management of food additives derived from fruits and plant species. Turmeric, a spice that has been used as a dyeing agent, is recognized for its properties in Ayurveda medicine. This article aims to provide an overview of the characteristics of turmeric as an ingredient for the food industry, including its properties as a coloring agent, antioxidant, and functional ingredient. This article also highlights the potential of nanotechnology to enhance these properties of turmeric and increase the possibilities for the application of its components, such as cellulose and starch, in the development of nanostructures for food development.