阿托伐他汀辅助治疗40例早期糖尿病肾病临床观察

目的:观察阿托伐他汀辅助厄贝沙坦治疗早期糖尿病肾病的疗效.方法:80例早期糖尿病肾病患者随机分成观察组和对照组,两组均使用胰岛素和(或)口服降糖药、降压药控制血糖和血压,在此基础上,观察组采用厄贝沙坦和阿托伐他汀,对照组只使用厄贝沙坦,观察两组临床疗效和实验室指标.结果:观察组有效率90%,对照组为67.5%,两组相比,有统计学差异(P<0.05);观察组尿蛋白排泄率、血清糖化血红蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯改善程度优于对照组(P<0.05).结论:阿托伐他汀辅助厄贝沙坦治疗早期糖尿病肾病疗效确切.     

诺和锐30不同使用方法对午餐后及晚餐前血糖的影响

目的:比较不同诺和锐30治疗方法对2型糖尿病患者午餐后2小时血糖和晚餐前血糖疗效.方法:56例2型糖尿病患者随机分为3组,A组(18例)一日两次诺和锐30皮下注射;B组(19例)一日两次诺和锐30皮下注射,午餐时加服拜糖平;C组(19例)一日三次诺和锐30皮下注射.结果:3组治疗后午餐后及晚餐前血糖均下降,但午餐后血糖B组、C组下降值均高于A组,晚餐前血糖下降值C组明显高于A、B组.结论:3种方法均能使午餐后、晚餐前血糖较治疗前下降,但诺和锐30一日三次注射能更好的控制午餐后及晚餐前血糖.     

胰岛素对初发2型糖尿病的疗效及影响

目的:观察胰岛素对初发2型糖尿病的疗效及不良反应,以及对血糖的影响.方法:选择2008年1月至2010年1月在我院住院的T2DM患者为观察对象.120例初发2型糖尿病患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各60例,治疗3个月后,观察治疗的疗效及对血糖控制情况.结果:治疗组的疗效优于对照组,且治疗组血糖控制效果明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:胰岛素对初发2型糖尿病疗效确切,更好地降低T2DM血糖水平,值得基层医院广泛推广和应用.     

Ⅱ型糖尿病患者微量白蛋白、糖化血红蛋白及血清hs-CRP检测的意义

Ⅱ型糖尿病早期是由于肾微血管的病变尿中出现持续的微量白蛋白(mAlb),糖化血红蛋白(以HbA1c为代表)是心血管疾病的独立、进展性的危险因素,可以作为明确预测心血管疾病的指标.而血清超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)是作为微血管病变的重要炎性标志物,反映了内皮功能的障碍.Ⅱ型糖尿病患者尿微量白蛋白的排出与血糖控制水平以及糖尿病患者的病程存在密切关系,应重视血糖水平的控制及HbA1c、hs-CRP水平的检测.     

延续护理在出院2型糖尿病患者血糖控制中的应用

目的 探讨延续护理对出院2型糖尿病患者血糖控制的影响.方法 将86例出院2型糖尿病患者随机分成实验组和对照组各43例,实验组由教育护士提供出院后延续护理,对照组接受常规出院教育.观察干预后2组患者的空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖和糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)3个代谢指标值及自护行为能力改变情况.结果 干预后实验组空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖和HbAlc控制方面优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).2组自护行为能力比较,各项差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 延续护理能够改善出院2型糖尿病患者血糖控制情况,提高患者的自护行为能力,利于患者采取健康促进行为.     

糖尿病和高血压对大血管并发症的影响

目的:探讨糖尿病和高血压对大血管并发症的影响,明确降压和控制血糖的意义.方法:对我院2009年6月到2010年12月门诊及住院患者146例的临床资料进行回顾性分析,将其分为三组,其中高血压组(EH)47例,糖尿病组(DM)53例,糖尿病合并高血压组(DM+EH)46例,另选择体检健康人群40例作为对照组,分别测定各组患者血压,血脂,糖化血红蛋白,空腹血糖及餐后2h血糖,检测大血管并发症的发生率.对高血压患者采取降压治疗,糖尿病患者控制血糖.随诊观察大血管并发症的发生情况.结果:大血管发病率依次为DM+EH组(17例,占36.96%)>DM组(12例,占22.64%)>EH组(5例,占10.64%).治疗后血压达到目标值后,糖尿病合并高血压组,糖尿病组大血管并发症患病率为6.06%.结论:糖尿病和高血压均是大血管并发症的主要危险因素,及时有效控制患者血糖和血压,可预防大血管并发症的发生.     

对2型糖尿病患者实施综合干预的效果评价

目的:探讨对2型糖尿病行为实施综合干预的临床效果.方法:选择2型糖尿病病患者180例随机分观察组与对照组各90例,对照组常规降糖药物治疗和健康宣教;观察组进行健康教育干预、饮食干预、运动干预、药物治疗干预.结果:两组实施干预前治疗依从性、血糖比较无统计学差异(P>0.05),实施综合干预一年后观察组空腹血糖(6.21±0.78)mmol/L、餐后2h血糖(8.09±1.18)mmol/L低与对照组的(7.21±0.98)mmol/L、(8.72±1.21)mmol/L;治疗依从性75.55%高与对照组的47.77%(P<0.05).结论:说明对2型糖尿病患者实施综合干预有利于依从性的提高及治疗效果的改善,值得临床推广应用.     

社区护理干预对2型糖尿病患者遵医行为及血糖控制的效果观察

目的 观察社区护理干预对2型糖尿病患者遵医行为及血糖控制的效果.方法 将出院的110例糖尿病患者随机分成干预组和对照组各55例,干预组进行社区护理干预,对照组未施加干预,比较2组遵医率及血糖控制情况.结果 干预组患者在遵医率及血糖控制方面明显优于对照组,差异均有显著性(p<0.05或0.01).结论 社区护理干预可明显提高糖尿病患者的遵医行为,并较好控制血糖.     

2型糖尿病患者胰岛素泵强化治疗的护理

目的 探讨2型糖尿病患者短期胰岛素泵(CSⅡ)强化治疗的护理.方法 对40例使用胰岛素泵强化治疗的2型糖尿病患者进行心理、技术、饮食、运动等系统护理,比较治疗前后40例患者的空腹血糖及餐后2h血糖.结果 40例2型糖尿病患者,空腹血糖及餐后2h血糖值明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(p<0.05).结论 2型糖尿病患者经胰岛素泵强化治疗的系统护理.血糖控制达标,大幅降低了糖尿病的并发症,减轻了患者的痛苦和经济负担,具有重要的临床意义和社会效益.     

优泌乐25强化治疗对糖尿病外周动脉血管病变的影响

目的:探讨精蛋白锌重组赖脯胰岛素混合注射液(25R)(优泌乐25)对初诊2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者外周血管病变的影响.方法:新诊断的T2DM患者114例.随机分2组,即强化治疗组56例,年龄50±16岁,采用优泌乐25强化治疗;非强化治疗组58例,50±17岁.不设定严格的治疗控制目标.2组的疗程均为12周.收集2组患者的血压、体质指数、空腹及餐后血糖和HbAlc等资料.应用多普勒仪检测踝肱指数(ABI).结果:糖尿病患者外周血管病变患病率明显增高,强化治疗组ABI较治疗前无明显下降(P>0.05).非强化治疗组ABI较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05).结论:应用多普勒仪检测踝肱指数(ABI)使早期提示糖尿病患者动脉外周血管病变,可以用优泌乐25短期强化有助于保护T2DM患者的血管内皮细胞,延缓外周动脉粥样硬化.     

Changes in the ultra-fine structure of capillaries of the embryonic brain in the presence of schizophrenia in the mother

The report is concerned with a study of fine structures of brain capillaries in 9 embryos received during medical abortions from schizophrenic mothers. The authors established some traits in the ultrastructure of endothelial cells in most of the studied cases--an increase of the surface of endothelial cells at the expense of a tortuosity of their plasmatic membranes and a formation of growths, vacuolization of the cytoplasma. There were also some changes in the structure of basal membranes. In 2 cases there were also peculiar pathological changes in the vascular endothelium: granules of an unknown nature in the endothelial cells and a focal lysis of the plasmatic membranes of endothelial cells.     

Simulation of the solidification of the melt in the Vanyukov furnace in the case of emergency stoppage

A mathematical model of the Vanyukov furnace, which makes it possible to predict the behavior of an object in the emergency operational mode (upon the disconnection of the oxygen supply) and develop an effective system of additional heating which damps the consequences of the emergency mode and lowers the costs for the renovation of the furnace operation, is created. It is shown how solidification upon cooling the furnace with time is simulated using the enthalpy and porosity method. The mathematical model is adopted for existing production conditions, which are weakly defined. The energy characteristics of the mode for the solidifying furnace bath, which ensures its holding for a long time in the ready state to rapid firing, are found. Thus, the problem of excessively expensive furnace firing after prolonged production stoppage is solved in the conjugated statement with a calculation of the heating system of the overbath space.     

不同除草剂在直播冬油菜田的除草效果研究

[目的]验证不同除草剂的除草效果,为直播冬油菜田的杂草防除提供借鉴.[方法]使用不同剂量25%胺苯磺隆可湿性粉剂和10.8%高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油在直播冬油菜田间进行单用和混用除草试验.[结果] 25%胺苯磺隆可湿性粉剂在冬油菜4～5叶期使用可以有效防除田间的阔叶杂草;25% 胺苯磺隆可湿性粉剂18.0～22.5 g/hm<'2>+400 ml/hm<'2>的10.8%高效氟吡甲采灵乳油可以有效防除油菜田间的阔叶和禾本科杂草,总防效达90%以上,且可以比人工除草节省成本1 100元、hm<'2>.[结论] 25%胺苯磺隆与10.8%高效氟吡甲未灵乳油混用可以更好地防除冬油菜田间杂草.     

Variations in the relationship of the major vessels of the left coronary groove in the dog

The anatomic relationship of the 2 major vessels of the left coronary groove was studied in 140 dogs. Five basic patterns of disposition were observed: 1) circumflex artery superficial from its origin to the caudodorsal cardiac margin, coronary vein deep and not visible (22%); 2) coronary vein superficial from the ventral interventricular septum to the caudodorsal cardiac margin, circumflex artery deep and not visible (15%); 3) circumflex artery and coronary vein both superficial and running parallel with each other along the groove (8%); 4) coronary vein crossing circumflex artery at some point along the groove (44%); and 5) circumflex artery crossing coronary vein at some point along the groove (11%). These variations were found to influence certain experimental modifications of the left circumflex blood flow in the dog.     

Errors in the surgery of the testicle in children

The study was made of labyrinthine changes induced by lasix dehydration. Changes indicative of Meniere's disease were identified at comparison of the findings obtained by audiological lasix test, caloric optokinetic reactions. Four types of the nystagmic response in the bithermal lasix-test were determined. These reactions are helpful for more precise staging of the disease.     

Role of the subthalamo-nigral input in the control of amygdala-kindled seizures in the rat

The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNpr) is a critical site for the control of epileptic seizures. Potentiation of the inhibitory GABAergic input from the striatum to the SNpr suppresses primary or secondary generalized seizures in the rat. The purpose of this study was to examine the possible involvement of the excitatory glutamatergic input from the subthalamic nucleus to the SNpr in the control of both the electroencephalographic and the motor components of amygdala-kindled seizures in the rat. Microinjections of either an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist in the substantia nigra or a GABAA agonist in the subthalamic nucleus, significantly reduced motor seizures but did not modified the afterdischarges. These results provide evidence for the involvement of the subthalamo-nigral projection in the modulation and the propagation of the motor components of amygdala-kindled seizures.     

On the role of self-excitation in the development of topographic order in the visual system of the frog

A two-level model is presented for explaining the development of the topographically ordered retinotectal connections of the visual system of the frog. The columnar structure of the tectum were taken into account explicitly. Simulations suggest that the self-excitatory intracolumnar connections play an important role in the formation of the topography. In the case of self-excitation the system is able to recognize the topology of the visual field by the continuity of the object's movement.     

The role of the forestomachs in the adaptation of the alimentary function in ruminants

Dietary character of ruminants in the north is principally different between "nonselective" (cattle, sheep) and "selective" (reindeer, moose) species. Due to the developed polyfunctioning, forestomach in ruminants, primarily rumen and reticulum, are involved in the homeostasis formation in enteral and interior mediums, nutrients deposition and recirculation. That provides efficiency in utilization of deficient in nutrients forage and body reserves of wild ruminants during the winter. The original functional organization of absorption processes and nutrients recirculation across the multilayer epithelium of forestomach also promotes realization of the two levels metabolism during the year and adaptation of wild ruminants to season dynamics of nutrition.     

Regional differences in the distribution of catalase in the epithelium of the ocular lens

The objectives of this study were to develop a system to calculate the economic consequences of accidents and to account for the economic consequences of all accidents during 1 year in a district. A total population injury survey was done in an area with a population of over 41,000. All accidents (N = 4926) occurring within a 12-month period and requiring medical care were noted. The costs (calculated at 1991 prices) to the health care service (outpatient care, including primary health care and hospital care) were SEK 23.7 million (US $3.59 million), to trade and industry SEK 79.7 million (US $12.08 million), and for health insurance SEK 9.1 million (US $1.38 million). The cost for society of uninsured people is not possible to estimate using loss of production. However, the time lost from "normal activities" was registered. If this time is valued at the same price as working hours, a welfare cost of SEK 43.1 million (US $6.53 million) should be added. In a forthcoming paper, an assessment of the cost-effectiveness of interventions against accidents will be published.