第51届威尼斯双年展部分参展艺术家作品

2005年是威尼斯双年展开展110周年纪念。一个多世纪以来。威尼斯双年展在国际上享有盛誉，并成为文化界一大盛事。从1895年至今。双年展以先锋著称。致力于推进艺术新潮流、组织各种有关当代艺术的国际活动。且双年展的独特之处在于其建立于一种多门类模式之上。包括：国际电影节（61届）、国际艺术展（51届）、国际建筑展（9届）、当代音乐节（48届）、戏剧节（36届）以及新增的当代舞蹈节（3届）。     

走进威尼斯——第十一届威尼斯国际建筑双年展概观

第十一届威尼期国际建筑双年展于2008年9月14日成功开幕,总策展人Aaron Betsky 强调此次展览的主题"独立于建筑之外的设计"正是对我们这个社会核心问题的关注.     

第十三届威尼斯 国际建筑双年展

有人说：威尼斯城上面是石头，下面是森林。 这是一座漂浮于水上的岛城，它被建造在最不可能建造城市的地方。而这样一座城市，却成为了建筑的精神家园，为世人佐证了一场又一场屹立于世界之巅的建筑盛会。     

“钟乳石”竹亭装置——第16届威尼斯国际建筑双年展，自由空间

“钟乳石”竹亭是一个自由开放、人人平等共享交流的社交空间。这是一个面向公众的自由开放空间，由于这种社区感的营造需求，这个自由空间必须容易建造且具备结构简易、造价低的特点。在这个空间中，竹子作为唯一的材料。竹子的灵活性超越了其结构本身的意义，它创造了一个与阳光、风、大海等大自然之美紧密相连的空间。作为一个交流空间，这个构筑不仅能在威尼斯复刻搭建，也能在其他城市和乡村区域进行推广建造。     

浅析高速公路工程招投标中的最低评标价法

结合目前高速公路施工项目招投标活动的实际情况,阐述了最低评标价法的概念,归纳了其优点及存在问题,对完善最低评标价法提出几点策略,以期促进招标投标市场更加规范有序。     

Pathogens in septage in Vietnam

Septage is widely acknowledged as a major source of infectious pathogens while disposal of septage, and the operation and maintenance of septic tanks, is not regulated in many developing countries. Twenty untreated septage and septage sludge samples were taken from Can Tho City, Vietnam to examine their pathogen content, and indicator micro-organisms. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. were detected in all samples, regardless of sludge storage time. Phages were detected in 80% of samples. Salmonella spp. were detected in 70% of the untreated septage and 60% of septage sludge samples. Concentrations of phages and bacteria tested in septage sludge after many years of tank storage were much higher than the expected levels. Helminth ova were present in 95% of untreated septage samples with an average of 450 ova l^− 1, and were detected in all septage sludge samples with an average of 16,000 ova l^− 1. Twelve varieties of helminth ova were identified. More helminth ova varieties in higher concentrations were found in septage than those reported from stool samples. The varieties' frequency ranged from 10% to 50% and Ascaris lumbricoides predominated. Results show that pathogens and indicator micro-organisms, especially helminth ova, accumulate in sludge. Thus helminth ova should be considered when septage sludge is treated and used for agriculture. Proper health protection measures must be applied for people handling septage.     

Place-Making in Megaprojects in Melbourne

This article analyses state-led place-making practices in Melbourne. The two levels of government that influence planning in Melbourne make much of the city as ‘culturally vibrant’ and ‘creative’, and have incorporated creative city-inspired place-making principles into many layers of the planning system. An examination of the development of two mixed-use megaprojects in central Melbourne reveals however that ideals of culturally engaging public places, and indeed of creative landscapes for middle-class consumption, wither in the face of more basic imperatives for economic development. In these case studies the ‘creative city’, no matter how the idea is interpreted, has little traction either as a set of inclusive place-making principles or as a gentrification strategy. The article concludes that the creative city-inspired place-making objectives in the planning system at both state and local levels are ambiguous in their overall intents and completely unsupported by statutory controls. Such place-making objectives as are realised are the compromised results of the interplay of uncoordinated decisions, delivered at the pleasure of the developer.     

新时期广东城市化的新特点

新时期广东城市化出现以下特点:知识源导向、城市由单体向群体化发展、产业集群推动、政府主导自上而下的集约化发展、城镇化向城市化转变、由重“数量”发展向重“质量”发展的转变。     

在市场中实践在实践中学习在学习中进步--工程公司市场化进程的回顾与展望

近两年来，工程公司在提高市场竞争意识、推动市场化进程中做了大量工作，其中坚持走出去的方针是我们自我加压、推行加快市场化步伐的一个重要战略步骤。     

浅谈我国工程项目建设成本控制存在的问题

结合目前我国施工企业工程项目成本管理现状,对工程项目成本管理过程中存在的问题进行了较详细的分析,并提出了一些解决问题的办法,以做好项目成本控制工作,进而增强企业经济实力。     

山地城镇聚落空间初探

一、空间与自然 山地环境作为山地空间创建的物质基础,在山地城镇空间上具有决定性的存在影响。而山地聚落空间在漫长的历史发展中逐渐形成以下特点: (一) 对地域的尊重 这种尊重反映在对地形、气候、历史的尊重上,也是当时的社会生产力所造成的,多受“天人合一”传统哲学思想影响。场镇规划以风水为本,常常采用临水环绕、抱山独依的形制(图1)。 (二) 随机性与自组性 由于山地地形随机性与居者对它的尊重,使得山地居住建筑同样表现出随机性,同时每家每户自我营建的结果使得个体建筑顺应天然,不拘泥于形式,格局自由,体现了自…     

2005年北京办公物业市场七大趋势

趋势一:CBD区域写字楼集中放量从各区域规划方案上看,CBD区域多数项目在03～04年处于项目的报批手续及拆阶段,预计2005年正式推向市场,因此2005年CBD区域将成为北京市场供应集中的域,区域即将供应的项目有北京财富中心(二期)、金地国际花园、万达广场、SOHO尚都、万通中心、世纪财富中心、怡禾国际中心、光华国际等。除去未知项目,2005CBD写字楼办公面积的供应量为60万平方米左右。中关村区域经过一段时间的集中供后开始逐步放缓,2005年供应的体量相对较大的项目有中关村金融中心、新中关。金街区域可能开盘的项目只有2个:英蓝国际中…     

Experiences in radon-safe building in Finland

A study was made of radon-safe buildings in 300 Finnish low-rise residential buildings using data obtained from a questionnaire study. The study also aims at finding the main defects in design and implementation and how the guidance given on radon-safe buildings in slab-on-grade houses has been followed. According to the guidelines, the prevention of the flow of radon-bearing air from the soil into the house is recommended to be carried out through installation of aluminised bitumen felt and use of elastic sealants. Second, as a precaution perforated piping should be installed in the subsoil of the floor slab. The median indoor radon concentration in the houses was 155 Bq/m3. This is 32% lower than the median of the estimated reference values. The action level of 200 Bq/m3 was still exceeded in 40% of the houses. In most houses with slab-on-grade the prevention was based only on the installation of a sub-slab depressurisation system. Sealing was performed in a low number of houses. In 80% of houses with a sub-slab piping connected to an operating fan, radon concentration was below the action level of 200 Bq/m3. In houses with piping but no fan, the corresponding fraction was only 45%. Sub-slab piping without a fan had no remarkable effect on radon concentration. In houses with crawl-space and edge-thickened slabs, radon concentrations were low. The choice of foundation system thus significantly affects the indoor radon concentration. The importance of complete and careful sealing work should be stressed in advice and guides concerning radon prevention.     

Developments in immersed tunnelling in Holland

Holland has 22 immersed tunnels (14 road, 5 rail and 3 utilities tunnels). Another three are under construction, and more are foreseen. The tunnels are of the concrete type, i.e., constructed without a steel shell. The paper describes developments in technology and in design philosophy since the first immersed tunnel was completed 52 years ago. These developments include, amongst others: the introduction of the Gina rubber gasket between elements; the division of elements into sections divided by flexible joints; the application (if possible) of longer elements (up to 268 m); the use of precast sections for tunnels that have a small cross-section; the omission of the watertight lining (made possible by cooling the concrete of the walls during the first days after pouring); various foundation methods (e.g., sand flow instead of sand jet system; piled foundations when necessary); the use of the excavation for the open ramps (or the part of the tunnel built on land) as a casting basin for the elements; the changed approach to casting basins now that well pumping is usually forbidden; and the transport of the elements across shallow locations and across the sea. It is emphasized that the current state of immersed tunnel technology is the result of a continuous international exchange of ideas and experiences.     

Trends in ozone concentrations in Jerusalem

Ozone concentrations have been measured in Jerusalem since 1977 by a chemiluminescent ozone meter. During the last five years ozone levels have increased considerably. In order to test whether this increase reflected the growth in the number of motor vehicles or was caused by atmospheric conditions, the summer data of the last five years were analyzed. Ozone levels were characterized by the daily one-hour maxima; the atmospheric factors considered were temperature, insolation and stability. A multiple regression equation was computed and a correlation coefficient r = 0.77 obtained. The yearly mean reduced ozone levels showed a definite trend, which reflected the corresponding trend in the number of motor vehicles.     

在加拿大经历严冬

正在加拿大旅居一段时间,感触极深的是这里冬季的严寒与冰雪。冷到什么程度?我所待的萨斯克彻温省,只要有寒流"光顾",白天户外零下三四十摄氏度就是"常温"。2014年2月份一次强寒流来袭,加上风寒指数,当地最低温度竟降至-80℃!记得去年圣诞节聚会,将汽车停在户外不过四五个小时,车轮竟生生冻在了地面上!加拿大的冷,不单纯体现在     

浅谈建筑施工临时用电安全

针对由于建筑施工临时用电安全管理的不完善和不规范操作而导致大量工伤事故频频发生的问题,为消除用电安全隐患,对建筑施工临时用电安全管理进行了归纳和分析,并提出了整改意见,以确保现场人员及电气设备的安全运行。