Model dyes for optimizing the dyeing of polyamide

Model disperse azo dyes, containing a salicylic moiety, hydrophobic alkyl chains and usual substituents, allowed the investigation of the effects of these structural variations on dyeing properties. By combining the results of both equilibrium and rate studies, some interesting structures for practical purposes could be identified.     

Azo disperse dyes for synthetic fibres. I: 2-Methyl- and 2-phenylquinazolone derivatives

Ten variously substituted derivatives ( IVa – j ) of 4′(quinazol-4-on-3-yl) azobenzene were prepared. The effects of the nature and orientation of the substituents on the colour and dyeing properties of these dyes on polyester and acrylic fibres were evaluated.     

Analytical applications of immobilized enzyme reactors. Edited by S. Lam and G. Malikin,Blackie Academic & Professional,Glasgow, 1994, xii + 276 pp., price £65.00. ISBN 0 7514 0026 2

Ten 4-arylazo derivatives of 2-(indol-2′-yl)phenol were prepared. The effects of the nature and orientation of the substituents on the colour and dyeing properties of these dyes on polyester, and acrylic fibres were evaluated.     

Azo disperse dyes for synthetic fibres. 2: Benzimidazole derivatives

Ten variously substituted derivatives ( IIa–j ) of 3′-(benzimidazol-2-yl)-4′-hydroxyazobenzene were prepared. The effects of the nature and orientation of the substituents on the colour and dyeing properties of these dyes on polyester and acrylic fibres were evaluated.     

Azo disperse dyes for synthetic fibres. 3: 2-Styrylquinazolone derivatives

Fifteen variously substituted derivatives ( IVa–o ) of 2-styrylquinazolone have been prepared for use as dye-stuffs. The effects of the nature and orientation of substituents on the colour and dyeing properties of these dyes on polyester and acrylic fibres were assessed.     

偶氮染料的偶氮-醌腙互变异构的研究(Ⅰ) 1-苯基偶氮萘的偶氮-醌腙异构

本文合成了10个1-苯基偶氮萘染料,并测定了其~1H、~（13）C NMR（核磁共振）谱,对~1H谱进行了归属,确定了2种异构体的判据,讨论了萘环上取代基的电子效应和空间障碍、溶剂的极性和pH值对偶氮-醌腙互变异构的影响。     

偶氮染料分子致癌机理探讨

对国外有关偶氮染料分子致癌的研究结果进行分析,总结出偶氮染料分子致癌的可能途径,为偶氮染料的安全使用和环境友好偶氮染料分子设计提供了理论指导。     

非诱变偶氮染料的研究进展(I)──偶氮染料诱变性研究方法及其致癌机理

主要讨论了偶氮染料诱变性能研究方法及其致癌机理。偶氮染料诱变性能研究方法多采用“Ａｍｅｓ／Ｓａｌｍｏｎｅｌｌａ”测试法,而其致癌机理,目前大多数专家认为主要是通过它在动物（或人）体内偶氮还原开裂形成的芳胺或其相关化合物特别是芳氮烯阳离子来实现的。     

Disperse dyes: 4-hetarylazo derivatives from N-β-cyanoethyl-N-β-hydroxyethylaniline

Aminothiazoles, benzothiazoles, thiadiazoles and thiophenes were diazotised and coupled to N-β-cyanoethyl-N-β-hydroxyethylaniline to give dyes which coloured polyester in orange to blue hues. The colour of the dyes is discussed with respect to the nature of the heterocyclic ring and substituents therein. Solvent effects on the visible absorption maxima of some of the dyes are also reported.     

有机染料在光存储中的应用研究

综述了有机染料在光存储中的应用;花菁染料具有较高的吸收率和反射率,信噪比也比较高,但光稳定性差;酞菁染料具有较高的热和化学稳定性,但反射率低;偶氮染料具有良好的光学性能、热稳定性、溶解性,具有短的吸收波长,但灵敏度不高.文章还讨论了有机染料作为光存储材料将来的研究发展方向.     

Nitriles in heterocyclic synthesis. Part III: New sulpha drugs related to cyanopyridine derivatives

4-Hydroxyacetophenone (1) was reacted with cinnamonitrile derivatives (2–6) to give 3-cyano-4-(substituted phenyl)-6-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-pyridines (7–11). Interaction of compounds 7–9 with 4-substituted heterocyclo-benzenesulphonyl diazoniura chloride gave the corresponding 3-cyano-4-(sub-stituted phenyl)-6-(3′-azobenzene sulphonamido-4′-hydroxyphenyl) pyridines (12–29). The corresponding iron (III) copper (II) and mercury (II) chelates were also prepared in a 1:2 metal-to-ligand ratio. All the synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of microanalysis, IR and ¹H-NMR spectrometry.     

Electrosynthesis of conducting polymer films from the azo dye methoxy red

Anodic polymerization of the azo dye methoxy red (4-methoxybenzene azo-1,3-diaminobenzene) on platinum electrodes in 1 M HCl in 50% v/v ethanol/water was found to yield thin and stable polymeric films. The films were electroactive in acidic solutions and the activity diminished as the acidity decreased. The pair of symmetrical redox peaks at a formal redox potential, (E )_pH=0 = 0.61 V vs SCE, with a Nernstian slope dE/dpH = 0.06 V, is attributed to a 1:1 proton + electron elimination (on oxidation)/addition (on reduction) at the amino/imino linkages which connect the aromatic nuclei. Chronocoulometric plots indicated that the transport of the solvated protons, and probably Cl^– ions, through the film is the rate-determining step of the above redox processes. The rate of electron transfer reactions of the redox couple [Fe(CN)₆]^3–/4– on poly-methoxy red-covered platinum electrodes decreased by a factor of more than two orders of magnitude, compared to the bare electrodes.     

Antimicrobial activity of some new 4‐arylazo‐3‐methylthiophene disperse dyes on polyester fabrics

A series of novel 4‐arylazo‐3‐methylthiophenes was synthesized by the heterocyclization of 2‐arylhydrazono‐2‐acetyl thioacetanilide derivatives with a variety of α‐halogenated reagents, such as chloroacetone, phenacyl bromide, ethyl chloroacetate, and chloroacetonitrile. The structures of the synthesized thiophene derivatives were confirmed by ultraviolet–visible, IR, and ¹H‐NMR spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. The synthesized dyes were applied to polyester fabrics as disperse dyes, and their fastness properties were evaluated. The dyed polyester fabrics displayed antibacterial efficacy against Gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram‐negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

加强工程化研究打造高品质偶氮颜料

文章以偶氮类有机颜料为例,总结了重氮化偶合反应装置工程化研究发展历程,介绍了不同设备型式所产生的颜料初始态差异,以及对后续颜料化的影响.文章突出强调要提高国产有机颜料的整体水平,在工艺研究基础上更要加强工程化研究,将粗放的间歇式生产模式转化为精益的连续化生产模式,借以提高产品质量稳定性,降低生产过程中的浪费,减少“三废”排放,提高工人的劳动保护,从而打造高品质的偶氮颜料.     

含磺酰氯基吡唑啉酮系偶氮染料的合成与表征

以氯化亚砜为氯化试剂和反应介质，N，N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为催化剂，对四种吡唑啉酮系酸性偶氮染料1a-1d进行了磺酰氯化，制备了相应的磺酰氧2a-2d、反应时间为2小时，2a-2d的产率分别为38％、94％、74％和75％。用1R、^1H NMR及MS表征了2a-2d的结构，表明2a-2d均为稳定的腙体结构。     

非诱变偶氮染料的研究进展(Ⅱ)--偶氮染料结构-诱变相关性与非诱变偶氮染料设计方法

对大量偶氮染料诱变（或致癌）活性的研究结果进行分析、归纳和总结,从中找出它们的诱变性与其结构的内在关系。据此,提出非诱变偶氮染料的设计方法。     

On the Extraction of Aromatic Compounds from Hydrocarbons by Imidazolium Ionic Liquids

The liquid-liquid equilibrium for the ternary system formed by n-octane and aromatic (alkylbenzenes) and heteroaromatic compounds (nitrogen and sulfur containing heterocyles) and 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) associated with various anions has been investigated. The selectivity on the extraction of a specific aromatic compound is influenced by anion volume, hydrogen bond strength between the anion and the imidazolium cation and the length of the 1-methyl-3-alkylimidazolium alkyl side chain. The interaction of alkylbenzenes and sulfur heterocyles with the IL is preferentially through CH-π hydrogen bonds and the quantity of these aromatics in the IL phase decreases with the increase of the steric hindrance imposed by the substituents on the aromatic nucleus. In the case of nitrogen heterocycles the interaction occurs preferentially through N(heteroaromatic)-H(imidazolium) hydrogen bonds and the extraction process is largely controlled by the nitrogen heterocycle pKa. Competitive extraction experiments suggest that benzene, pyridine and dibenzothiophene do not compete for the same hydrogen bond sites of the IL.     

某些变色酸偶氮类染料与蛋白质作用的分光光度研究

用分光光度法研究并比较了１０种变色酸偶氮染料（偶氮胂Ⅰ、偶氮胂Ⅲ、偶氮氯膦Ⅰ、偶氮氯膦Ⅲ、氨基Ｃ酸偶氮胂、氨基Ｇ酸偶氮氯膦、邻溴偶氮氯膦、间碘偶氮氯膦、二溴乙氧基偶氮氯膦、邻溴偶氮胂）与蛋白质的作用及所引起的光谱性能变化。详细探讨了染料结构、缓冲条件、种类及酸度对染料与蛋白质作用的影响,用双波长法测定了最大结合数及结合常数。     

微生物降解偶氮染料的研究进展

偶氮染料广泛应用于纺织印染、造纸印刷等行业,产生的染料废水严重污染环境。近年来,利用微生物(细菌、真菌、藻类)对偶氮染料进行脱色降解的研究报道很多。介绍了最近几年染料废水脱色降解研究中涉及到的微生物,并探讨了相关微生物对偶氮染料的脱色降解作用及其机理,旨在为运用微生物对偶氮染料废水进行脱色处理和降解研究提供参考和依据。