唐钢2#高炉炉墙结厚的处理及预防

对唐钢2#高炉炉墙结厚的原因及处理措施进行了分析总结。当高炉炉墙出现轻微结厚的防警时,应该及时并准确地进行操作调整,采用上部布料制度调整和下部送风制度调整相结合的方法,[Si]控制在0.45%~0.60%的上限,炉渣碱度控制在1.15左右,提高炉缸的活跃性。逐步克服初始炉型不合理的客观条件,总结出预防、应对以及处理炉墙结厚的规范操作,处理炉墙结厚的时间由长到短、由繁到简,快速恢复了炉况状态,减少了经济损失。     

武钢1号高炉炉墙结厚处理

对武钢1号高炉炉墙结厚的原因进行分析,发现冷却设备严重漏水、入炉原料质量差以及调剂措施不到位是导致高炉炉墙结厚的主要原因。采用发展边缘煤气流、提高炉温水平、降低炉渣碱度、控制冷却强度、改善入炉原料质量、加净焦和锰矿洗炉等综合措施消除结厚,取得了较好的效果。     

鞍钢4号高炉炉墙结厚原因及解决措施

鞍钢4号高炉停炉大修更换炉缸耐材后,高炉出现炉墙结厚现象。通过对炉墙结厚原因进行分析,采取了加强原料质量管理、降低冷却强度和调整装料制度等措施,炉墙结厚得到有效处理,高炉炉况恢复正常。     

唐钢2号高炉炉墙结厚预测模型的应用

唐钢2号高炉(2000m~3)采用炉墙结厚预测模型实时监控,实现了炉墙结厚在线诊断,可对炉墙黏结状态的进行量化分析,并对炉墙结厚进行分级预警。实践表明,高炉炉墙结厚预测模型,可以直观准确地反映高炉炉墙的工作状态,将传统的仪表监测数据,通过数理分析转化为高炉炉墙黏结状况的可量化参数。2016年4月16日预警高炉炉墙结厚,计算结果表明,8、9段冷却壁4个分区黏结物的平均厚度分别为69.5mm、35.75mm。     

莱钢2号1880m3高炉降料线处理炉墙结厚操作实践

莱钢2号1 880 m~3高炉因频繁停产导致炉况波动,进而发展为炉墙结厚。高炉操作者通过打水降料线的方式,快速解决了炉墙结厚问题,使高炉炉况逐步恢复正常。本文对炉墙结厚处理过程进行了总结,并对挂结物的形成原因与脱落机理进行了分析。     

宣钢2#高炉炉墙结厚与炉缸堆积的处理

介绍了宣钢2#高炉炉墙结厚、炉缸堆积的过程,阐述了炉墙结厚、炉缸堆积的处理方式,包括配加锰矿萤石洗炉、空料线集中加焦热洗、堵风口等措施。分析了炉墙结厚、炉缸堆积的原因,总结了再回复炉况过程中存在的不足,提出预防高炉炉墙结厚、炉缸堆积的措施,为其他高炉预防或处理炉墙结厚、炉缸堆积提供借鉴。     

邯宝1#高炉炉墙结厚的处理

以邯宝炼铁厂1#3 200 m3高炉在2013年11月发生炉墙结厚为例,分析了此次炉墙结厚的原因、处理过程以及经验教训.通过采用改变操作制度、加萤石洗炉等措施对高炉炉墙结厚进行治理,为类似高炉炉况冶理提供借鉴.     

重钢2500m~3高炉炉墙结厚的处理及预防

结合重钢2500m~3高炉炉墙结厚处理实例,简述了炉墙结厚的征兆,初步阐明了炉墙结厚的形成机理和原因,重点提出了炉墙结厚的处理方法和预防措施。     

高炉操作汇编100例(六)

本期接续发表《高炉操作汇编100例》之三,特殊炉况处理的第二部分,即2580m~3高炉炉墙结厚的实例;826m~3高炉炉墙结厚的实例;938m~3高炉炉墙结厚的实例。     

宝钢1号高炉炉墙结厚的处理

宝钢1号高炉（第3代）达产、达标、达效后由于多种原因导致炉墙结厚多次,并对高炉生产造成了较大负面影响,炉墙结厚后主要采取了发展边缘气流、热洗炉和调整冷却制度等措施。详细介绍了宝钢1号高炉（第3代）炉墙结厚的征兆、原因及处理方法。     

“Redistribution” Effect of Lumpy Zone for Gas Flow in BF

 The gas flow from tuyere to raceway zone by blasting involves three distributional zones, such as dripping, cohesive, and lumpy zone. The gas flow distribution in lumpy zone directly affects the gas utilization ration and smooth operation in the blast furnace. However, the furnace closeness brings about great difficulty in the study of high temperature gas flow. The charging and blasting system affecting the gas flow and whether the top gas flow distribution could reflect its inner condition as well as the furnace state, such as hanging or scaffolding, which have become the main problems for the research on gas flow. Recently, several researches overseas studied gas flow distribution using the numerical simulation method; however, such a research was rare amongst the natives. In this study, the flow model of gas in cohesive and lumpy zone was established using the numerical simulation software and the gas flow distributions with uniform distribution of burden permeability, scaffolding of wall, and nonuniform charge level were analyzed. As a result, the effects of cohesive zone and lower parts on the gas flow are very limited and the charge level largely affects the distribution of top gas flow. Therefore, it was found that the distribution of top gas flow could hardly reflect the inner gas flow. The process is called “redistribution” effect, which means that the gas flow after passing through the raceway, dripping, and cohesive zone is distributed when it flows into the lumpy zone.     

"Redistribution" Effect of Lumpy Zone for Gas Flow in BF

The gas flow from tuyere to raceway zone by blasting involves three distributional zones, such as dripping,cohesive, and lumpy zone. The gas flow distribution in lumpy zone directly affects the gas utilization ration and smooth operation in the blast furnace. However, the furnace closeness brings about great difficulty in the study of high-temperature gas flow. The charging and blasting system affecting the gas flow and whether the top gas flow distribution could reflect its inner condition as well as the furnace state, such as hanging or scaffolding, which have become the main problems for the research on gas flow. Recently, several researches overseas studied gas flow distribution using the numerical simulation method; however, such a research was rare amongst the natives. In this study, the flow model of gas in cohesive and lumpy zone was established using the numerical simulation software and the gas flow distributions with uniform distribution of burden permeability, scaffolding of wall, and nonuniform charge level were analyzed. As a result, the effects of cohesive zone and lower parts on the gas flow are very limited and the charge level largely affects the distribution of top gas flow. Therefore, it was found that the distribution of top gas flow could hardly reflect the inner gas flow. The process is called "redistribution" effect, which means that the gas flow after passing through the raceway, dripping, and cohesive zone is distributed when it flows into the lumpy zone.     

高炉炉喉煤气流分在数学模型

应用人工神经网络方法中的误差逆传播模型（BP）建立了高炉炉喉煤气而分布数学模型。该数学模型在攀钢4高炉VAX机上在线运行，能连续推测炉喉煤气流分布，其命中率达到82％，有效地指导了高炉操作。     

高炉中心加焦制度下煤气流速度与压力场模拟

不同的布料制度决定炉料的分布状态与不同部位炉料孔隙度的大小,进而影响煤气流在炉内的速度与压力分布,而煤气流的分布直接影响高炉顺行、煤气流利用率与料柱透气性的优劣.为促进煤气流合理分布,进一步探索高炉在中心加焦条件下炉内不同部位的煤气流速与压力变化规律,借助数值模拟方法,建立二维高炉煤气流流动物理模型,基于多孔介质算法并...     

Analysis on Non‐Uniform Gas Flow in Blast Furnace Based on DEM‐CFD Combined Model

Blast furnace technology is currently aiming at low reducing agent operation so as to decrease CO₂ emissions. At the same time, the inner volume of blast furnaces has frequently been enlarged so as to increase production rate in some countries, including Japan. Operating conditions designed for low reducing agent in a large blast furnace tend to cause unfavorable phenomena such as slipping of the burden and gas channeling due to the decrease in coke rate. Mathematical models help to clarify the in‐furnace phenomena under these situations. From the above backgrounds, a new model has been developed that combines Discrete Element Method with Computational Fluid Dynamics (DEM‐CFD) to simulate precisely the gas flow and solid motion in a blast furnace. The present study aimed to develop a three‐dimensional mathematical model based on DEM‐CFD for simultaneous analysis of gas and solid flow in the whole blast furnace. The unbalanced gas flow in the case of clogging of the particular tuyere was analyzed to clarify the circumferential unevenness in the lower part of the blast furnace. Based on the combined DEM with CFD model, the non‐uniform gas flow in the lower part of the blast furnace was precisely evaluated.     

炉缸煤气流分布的影响因素

 高炉大型化是炼铁发展的趋势,随着高炉炉缸直径的不断变大,中心不活跃区域越来越大,如何引导煤气到达炉缸中心已成为炼铁工作者关注的焦点。为了解决上述难题,通过建立炉缸煤气流动三维模型,应用CFX数值模拟软件计算煤气流速,分别研究了炉缸直径、焦炭粒径、空隙度以及鼓风动能对炉缸煤气流分布的影响。结果表明：即使炉缸内焦炭粒径及空隙度分布均匀,边缘煤气流速依然大于中心煤气流速,并且炉缸直径越大,中心煤气流越弱。炉缸内焦炭粒径和空隙度分布影响煤气流分布,提高炉缸中心焦炭粒径和空隙度有利于引导煤气到达炉缸中心。同时,为了保障高炉稳定顺行,鼓风参数必须和炉缸透气性协调一致,不能过于依靠提高鼓风动能吹透中心。     

On-line model of gas distribution in the blast furnace

In this paper a model for on-line estimation of the radial gas distribution in blast furnaces is presented. The model is based on molar and energy flow balances for the blast furnace top, using the top gas temperature and gas temperature measurements from a fixed above-burden probe. The radial distribution of the gas flux in the upper shaft is estimated by means of a Kaiman filter. Using measurement data from a Finnish blast furnace, the method is illustrated to capture short-term dynamics and to detect sudden (larger) changes in the gas distribution.     

Calculation and Analysis of Liquid Holdup in Lower Blast Furnace by Model Experiments

A hydromechanics experiment on the countercurrent flow of gas and liquid simulating the flow conditions in the lower blast furnace was carried out. A cold model of a packed bed with various packing materials and liquids was used to study the holdup of liquid. Correlations for static holdup, dynamic holdup, and total holdup were obtained. A good agreement was found between the calculated and experimental data. A mathematical model simulating the flow fields was applied to study the effect of liquid holdup in blast furnace. The results of the model calculation show that static holdup is the determinant of the total holdup of molten materials when the blast furnace works in stable condition. The slag phase generally reaches flooding holdup ahead of the hot metal. The radial distribution of gas flow is almost not influenced by the holdup of molten materials, but it has a greater influence on the pressure drop. The size of coke has far greater influence on static holdup than liquid properties does. The study is useful for acquiring a deeper understanding of the complex phenomena in the blast furnace and for determining appropriate operational actions under different production conditions.     

承钢4#高炉调整煤气流分布的实践

煤气流分布对高炉冶炼有重要影响,分析了承钢4#高炉煤气流波动的原因,从送风制度、装料制度、热制度等方面进行调整后,高炉煤气流得到了很好控制,达到了煤气流分布合理、高炉稳定顺行、煤气利用率提高、焦比降低的目的.