乙醇提取花生红衣多酚物质的研究

花生红衣因含有抗氧化性的多酚物质,因此具有很高的营养价值和利用价值,但在我国的花生加工生产中其利用率却不高。利用乙醇作为提取溶剂,从花生红衣中提取多酚物质,并用酒石酸亚铁分光光度法测定多酚含量。通过单因素试验考察了乙醇浓度、水浴温度、提取时间、料液比的影响,通过正交试验的设计分析,确定了粗提多酚物质的最佳工艺:乙醇浓度55%,水浴温度60℃,提取时间0.5 h,料液比1∶37.5。     

松仁红衣多酚的提取及体外抗氧化活性研究

利用超声波辅助乙醇溶剂浸提法,从松仁红衣中提取具有抗氧化活性的多酚类物质。通过单因素和正交实验,研究乙醇浓度、提取温度、料液比、超声功率、超声时间对多酚得率的影响,确定了提取多酚的最佳工艺条件:乙醇浓度60%、提取温度60℃、料液比1∶20(g/m L)、超声时间90min、超声功率300W,此条件下所得提取液的多酚得率为2.36%。并进行了松仁红衣多酚的体外抗氧化活性实验,结果表明松仁红衣多酚对羟自由基、DPPH自由基及过氧化氢均具有清除作用。     

响应面法优化超声辅助提取花生红衣多酚工艺

以花生红衣为原料,采用超声波辅助提取其中的多酚类物质。通过单因素试验对超声时间、超声功率、料液比、乙醇体积分数等工艺参数进行研究,并用响应面法优化提取工艺,建立二次多项数学模型。结果表明,花生红衣多酚提取的最佳工艺参数为超声时间24.4min、超声功率408W、料液比1:29.6(g/mL)、乙醇体积分数51%。结合实际操作,响应面优化的最优工艺参数调整为超声时间24min、超声功率410W、料液比1:30(g/mL)、乙醇体积分数51%,此条件下花生红衣多酚得率为8.95%。     

花生种衣活性成分提取工艺参数优化

花生种衣富含黄酮类化合物、原花色素和白藜芦醇等多酚活性物质.本研究以花生种衣为原料,通过单因素试验考察乙醇浓度、水浴温度、提取时间和料液比对花生种衣中多酚物质提取效果影响,并通过响应面法对提取多酚工艺加以优化;结果表明,提取多酚最佳工艺条件为:乙醇体积分数55％、料液比1:20、水浴温度60℃、提取时间2h,在此条件下...     

微波辅助提取花生红衣多酚及其抗氧化活性研究

目的:研究花生红衣中多酚类物质的提取工艺及其抗氧化活性。方法:采用微波辅助提取方法,通过单因素和响应面试验对花生红衣中多酚类物质的提取工艺进行优化;采用DPPH法测定其抗氧化活性。结果:花生红衣多酚微波辅助最佳提取工艺:微波辅助提取时间270 s、提取温度64℃,提取功率372 W;提取因素影响顺序为微波功率>微波温度>微波时间;花生红衣中提取多酚物质平均得率分别为4.55%,与模型预测值基本相符。与普通传统提取方法相比,微波辅助提取是一种有效的花生红衣多酚提取方法。花生红衣多酚具有较强的体外清除DPPH·自由基的能力。     

花生红衣中总黄酮的提取工艺

研究花生红衣中总黄酮的最佳提取工艺条件.以黄酮得率为指标,采用正交试验法考察乙醇浓度、料液比、提取时间、提取温度等4个因素对提取效果的影响.花生红衣中总黄酮提取最佳工艺为:80%的乙醇,料液比为1:15.提取时间为30min,提取温度为40℃,提取得率为1.242mg/100 g.此最佳工艺可用于花生红衣中总黄酮的提取.     

花生红衣总多酚抑制酪氨酸酶活性和抗氧化作用研究

通过单因素实验和正交实验,确定了闪式提取花生红衣总多酚的最佳工艺条件;并研究了花生红衣总多酚对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用及清除DPPH自由基的能力.闪式提取最佳工艺条件为:乙醇浓度80％,料液比1∶25 (g/mL),提取电压90V,提取3次,每次2min,该条件下,花生红衣总多酚的平均提取率为96.94％;花生红衣总多酚对酪氨酸酶的抑制率达到50％(IC50)时所需的花生红衣总多酚的质量浓度为0.451 mg/mL,最高抑制率可达89.65％;并且花生红衣总多酚清除DPPH自由基的能力大于VC,稍弱于没食子酸.     

超声辅助提取花生红衣中多酚物质及其抗氧化活性的研究

目的：研究花生红衣中多酚类物质的提取工艺及抗氧化活性。方法：采用超声辅助提取方法,通过单因素和正交试验对花生红衣中多酚类物质(PTP)的提取工艺进行优化;采用还原力和Rancimat 法对其抗氧化活性进行研究。结果：PTP 最佳提取工艺为料液比1:16(g/mL)、乙醇溶液体积分数80%、提取时间10min、提取功率240W;提取因素影响大小顺序为料液比＞乙醇溶液体积分数＞提取时间＞提取功率;在相同质量浓度条件下,纯化后的花生红衣多酚溶液PTP 的还原力强于VC 溶液的还原力;其对猪油抗氧化活性最优的质量浓度为150mg/L;相同质量浓度(150mg/L)条件下,其诱导时间长于VC、没食子酸溶液,而弱于BHT 溶液。     

超声波辅助提取花生红衣多酚及其抗氧化活性研究

采用单因素和响应面试验研究超声波辅助提取花生红衣多酚的工艺条件,采用DPPH·法测定其体外抗氧化活性。结果表明:花生红衣多酚超声波辅助最佳提取条件:乙醇溶液体积分数70%、超声功率240 W、超声时间9 min、超声温度50℃;提取因素影响大小顺序为超声温度超声功率超声时间;花生红衣中提取多酚物质平均得率为5.89%,与模型预测值基本相符。与传统提取方法相比,超声辅助提取是一种提取花生红衣多酚的有效方法。花生红衣多酚具有较强的体外清除DPPH·自由基的能力。     

超声波辅助酶法提取花生红衣中白藜芦醇的工艺优化

为提高花生油提取副产物花生红衣的利用价值,以乙醇体积分数、料液比、超声时间、超声温度、酶的种类为考察因素,白藜芦醇提取量为指标,通过单因素实验对超声波辅助酶法提取花生红衣中白藜芦醇工艺进行优化。结果表明,在酶解pH 5. 0、酶添加量2%下,得到的最佳工艺条件为:乙醇体积分数80%,料液比1∶25,超声时间30 min,超声温度50℃,采用半纤维素酶提取。在最佳工艺条件下,白藜芦醇提取量为(0. 854±0. 025) mg/100 g。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the