2013~2014年辽宁省动物性水产干制品中山梨酸及苯甲酸的风险监测结果分析

目的 了解2013-2014年辽宁省动物性水产干制品中山梨酸与苯甲酸的使用情况,为食品安全监管提供数据支持,促进食品添加剂的合理使用。方法 从农贸市场、餐饮企业、大型综合超市等58个报验单位抽取了152批动物性水产干制品,产品类型主要为：鱿鱼丝、烤鱼片及各类鱼干等,依据GB/T23495-2009《食品中苯甲酸、山梨酸和糖精钠的测定 高效液相色谱法》对样品中的苯甲酸及山梨酸含量进行检测分析。结果 152批次产品中山梨酸检出率为28.9%,其中有一批超出限量320%;苯甲酸检出率为9.87%。结论 部分预包装动物性水产干制品中存在山梨酸超限量使用的情况,而散装动物性水产干制品中存在违规使用苯甲酸的情况,应加强对山梨酸及苯甲酸的使用量及使用范围的监督和管理。     

动物源性食品中农药多残留检测前处理技术研究进展

近年来,动物源性食品农药多残留检测技术成为国内外研究热点.作为农残检测的关键环节,样品前处理过程直接影响检测的效率和准确度,快速、高效、误差小、回收率高的前处理技术是未来的发展方向.本文从样品提取、净化及未来发展趋势等方面综述了近年来国内外文献中动物源性食品中农药多残留测定前处理方法.     

肉制品中动物源性成分DNA检测方法的研究进展

肉制品主要成分标识的真实性是全球重要的食品安全问题之一,特别是肉制品中动物源性成分的掺假和标识问题已引发全球关注。如何对肉制品中动物源性成分进行鉴定和标识已成为产品真实性鉴定的热点。基于DNA分子稳定性强的优点,DNA检测技术被广泛用于食品安全检测和监测诸多领域,体现出了灵敏度高、特异性强等优势。本文重点从动物源性检测的靶序列DNA选择和DNA分析技术研究2个方面,阐述了肉制品中动物源性成分定性、定量检测技术的研究和应用,并讨论动物源性成分定量分析的可能性,为我国实施动物源性成分量化监管提供思路。     

2015~2018年红河州农产品中杀菌剂残留监测结果分析

目的 了解2015~2018年红河州监测的18种农产品杀菌剂残留污染水平。方法 采集4种类共计161份农产品样品, 依据《国家食品污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册》规定的标准操作程序, 对18种杀菌剂残留进行检测。结果 样品总检出率为58.4%(94/161), 超标率为3.73%(6/161); 18种杀菌剂中检出率最高为二硫代氨基甲酸酯(以CS2计), 其次为多菌灵; 食用菌中杀菌剂检出率高, 二硫代氨基甲酸酯(以CS2计)存在超标情况。结论 红河州市售农产品中存在一定程度的杀菌剂残留污染, 同一件样品多种杀菌剂同时检出的情况比较普遍, 应引起相关部门重视。     

Multi-residue method for the confirmation of four avermectin residues in food products of animal origin by ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

A confirmatory method was developed for the rapid determination of abamectin, ivermectin, doramectin and eprinomectin residues in various food products of animal origin, such as pork muscle, pork liver, fish and milk. Samples were homogenized, extracted and de-proteinized by acetonitrile, cleaned via two-step cleaning procedure using Bond Elut C₁₈ SPE columns and then alumina-N cartridges. All the four avermectin residues in different animal-food products were simultaneously separated and determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–ESI–MS/MS) within 3.5?min. Data acquisition under positive ESI–MS/MS was performed by applying multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) for both identification and quantification, and mass spectrometric conditions were optimized to increase selectivity and sensitivity. The matrix-matched calibration curves for different matrices, such as pork muscle, pork liver, fish and milk, were constructed and the interference effect of different sample matrices on the ionization was effectively eliminated. The UPLC–MS/MS method was validated with satisfactory linearity, recovery, precision and stability. Matrix-matched calibration curves of abamectin, ivermectin, doramectin and eprinomectin in four different matrices were linear (r^{2 ?}≥?0.990, goodness-of-fit coefficients ≤12.8%) in the range 2.5–200?µg?kg^?1. The limits of detection and quantification for the four avermectins were in the range 0.05–0.68 and 0.17–2.27?µg?kg^?1, respectively. Recoveries were 62.4–104.5% with good intra- and inter-day precision. The method was rapid, sensitive and reliable, and can be applied to the quantitative analysis of avermectin residues in different animal-food products.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析动物源性食品中4种四环素类药物残留

目的建立超高效液相色谱-质谱联用法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS)检测动物源性食品中四环素类药物(四环素、土霉素、金霉素、强力霉素)残留量的方法。方法样品经Na_2EDTA-Mcllvaine缓冲液(pH=4.0)提取,HLB固相萃取柱净化。采用超高效液相色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱法多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring, MRM)模式采集,外标法进行定性和定量检测。色谱柱为Waters ACQUITY BEH C_(18)(100mm×2.1mm,1.7μm),以20 mmol/L草酸溶液-乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,流速0.3 mL/min。结果四环素、土霉素、金霉素、强力霉素在5～200μg/L浓度范围内均具有良好的线性关系(r 0.995),检出限均为2.5μg/kg。四环素、土霉素、金霉素、强力霉素的平均回收率分别为100.8%～105.7%、93.1%～107.2%、94.1%～96.2%和92.7%～99.3%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)8%。结论本方法选择性强,灵敏度高,快速,重现性好,可用于动物源性食品中四环素类药物残留的快速测定。     

Screening for tetracycline residues in food products of animal origin in the State of Kuwait using Charm II radio-immunoassay and LC/MS/MS methods

This study surveyed tetracycline residues in foods marketed in Kuwait using various techniques to determine their prevalence above the threshold level. A total of 1517 locally produced and imported food samples of animal origin were collected for analyses, comprising dairy products, eggs and tissue samples (meat, poultry and fish) to give a representative picture of the current use and/or misuse of the drug in Kuwait. Screening was carried out using the Charm II test for tetracycline residues. Positive and suspect positive samples were confirmed by LC/MS/MS. Negative and positive controls, in triplicate, were applied to each method and showed 80–100% agreement. The results showed that 100% of tested eggs, meat, fish, ice cream and cheese were within the limit, while 5% of poultry and 18% of milk samples were above the permitted limit.     

2018—2020年重庆市市售冷藏冷冻动物源食品致病微生物污染状况分析

目的 了解2018-2020年重庆市市售冷藏冷冻动物源食品中致病微生物的污染情况。方法 采集市售冷藏冷冻动物源食品,按照《国家食品污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册》对产气荚膜梭菌、创伤弧菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌、副溶血性弧菌、霍乱弧菌、弯曲菌、溶藻弧菌、沙门氏菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌、致泻大肠埃希氏菌进行检测。结果 2018—2020年共采集检测720件样本,10类食源性致病菌项目均有检出,总体检出率为27.78%(200/720)。年检出率18.75%~32.50%。不同食源性致病菌中副溶血性弧菌检出最多,占总阳性样本的26.55%(60/226);不同种类的食品进行比较,螺类的食源性致病菌检出率最高, 为43.00%(86/200)。结论 重庆市市售冷藏冷冻动物源食品中存在不同程度的致病微生物污染,应加强对重点环节和重点食品的监管。     

2017~2019年广东省动物性水产品7种致病微生物污染状况分析

目的 了解2017-2019年广东省水产品中7种致病菌的污染状况。方法 2017~2019年在广东省的17地市总共采集875份动物性水产品样品, 进行创伤弧菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌、副溶血性弧菌、霍乱弧菌、溶藻弧菌、河弧菌以及沙门氏菌共7种致病菌的检测。结果 2017~2019年致病菌的总检出率为43.20%(378/875), 淡水产品致病菌检出率略高于海产品; 根据水产品类型分类, 致病菌在虾类和蟹类在均有较高的检出率。7种致病菌中, 副溶血性弧菌、溶藻弧菌和沙门氏菌检出率较高, 分别为41.16%, 17.26%, 12.50%。各地市均有不同程度致病菌检出, 其中茂名、清远的副溶血性弧菌检出较高; 广州和潮州的溶藻弧菌检出较高; 清远的沙门氏菌检出较高。结论 副溶血性弧菌是广东省水产品主要污染致病菌; 小餐饮和实体店中的致病菌检出率相对较高, 存在一定风险。应加强多种食品的致病菌监测, 针对性的提升对小型餐饮业的卫生管理, 以降低食源性致病菌感染的风险。     

Analysis and monitoring of chloramphenicol residues in food of animal origin in Slovenia from 1991 to 2000

To prevent the illegal use of chloramphenicol (CAP), regulatory control of its residues in food of animal origin is essential. In Slovenia, the monitoring of CAP residues for statutory purpose started in 1991. The results of a 10-year period are presented. CAP residues were determined by capillary gas chromatography (GC) with electron capture detection (ECD) using meta-CAP as an internal standard (ISTD). Before chromatographic determination, analytes were derivatized by silylation. Overall, CAP recovery, adjusted for ISTD, was for bovine muscle tissue and raw cow's milk (in the region of 2-10 μg kg^-1) 89 and 102%, respectively, and for whole eggs, 87% (in the region of 1-10 μg kg^-1). The use of meta-CAP improved significantly the precision of the method. The detection limit for CAP was 1 μg kg^-1, which was sufficiently sensitive for routine use. A total of 1308 random samples of Slovenian origin were analysed from 1991 to 2000, covering all parts of the country. CAP was found only in one milk sample in 1997 at a concentration of 4.6 μg kg^-1.     

Dietary exposure of secondary school students in Hong Kong to polybrominated diphenyl ethers from foods of animal origin

This paper reports levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in a wide range of foods of animal origin and estimates their dietary exposure for secondary school students in Hong Kong, China. Dietary exposure to PBDEs was estimated using local food consumption data obtained from secondary school students in 2000 and the concentrations of PBDEs in food samples taken from local market in 2008. The PBDE levels on a fresh weight basis for fish ranged from 13 to 6600 pg g^?1, for seafood and seafood products ranged from 15 to 1200 pg g^?1, for meat and meat products ranged from 23 to 3500 pg g^?1, for poultry ranged from 68 to 670 pg g^?1, for eggs ranged from 280 to 800 pg g^?1, and for dairy products ranged from 12 to 480 pg g^?1. The dietary exposures of secondary school students for the average and high consumers were estimated to be 2.6 and 6.4 ng kg^?1 body weight day^?1, respectively. According to the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), for the more toxic PBDE congeners, adverse effects would be unlikely to occur in laboratory animals at doses of less than approximately 100 µg kg^?1 body weight day^?1. The resulting margins of exposures (38,000 for average consumers and 16,000 for high consumers) showed that the estimated dietary exposures of secondary school students were far below any adverse effect dose observed in laboratory animals and were therefore of low concern for human health.     

2013—2020年广州市市售生食动物性水产品食源性致病菌监测结果分析

目的 了解2013—2020年广州市市售生食动物性水产品中食源性致病菌污染状况及分布特点.方法 2013—2020年共采集631份生食动物性水产样品,进行沙门氏菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌、副溶血性弧菌、创伤弧菌、霍乱弧菌和致泻性大肠埃希氏菌等食源性致病菌检测.结果 检出食源性致病菌阳性样品90份,总检出率为14.26％...