平端板连接半刚性梁柱组合节点的抗弯承载力Ⅱ:正弯矩作用

基于现有试验数据以及组合节点抗弯承载力的研究成果,利用塑性分析方法和组件法,提出一种平端板连接组合节点承受正弯矩作用时,其塑性抗弯承载力的计算方法。探讨组合节点的实效模式,给出其各组件承载力的计算方法,组件包括螺栓、柱腹板、梁翼缘、混凝土楼板等。考虑中和轴出现的5种位置:混凝土楼板内;钢梁上翼缘内;钢梁腹板内,所有螺栓受拉;前m-1排螺栓受拉,第m排部分受拉,其余受压;1～m排完全受拉。该方法可以考虑节点承受非对称荷载作用的情况以及作用在连接上的剪力、高强度螺栓撬力等因素的影响。如果不考虑组合楼板的影响,使用该方法同样可以计算平端板连接梁柱纯钢节点在承受正弯矩作用时的抗弯承载力。     

复合荷载作用下钢梁弯扭屈曲临界弯矩研究

基于由完备的复合荷载作用下钢梁弯扭屈曲总势能方程推导的平衡微分方程,采用Galerkin法推导了考虑横向荷载作用点高度和横截面不对称参数的复合荷载作用下钢梁弯扭屈曲临界弯矩的计算式,建立了等效弯矩系数的计算理论。依据等效弯矩系数的计算理论确定了7种常见工况的等效弯矩系数理论计算式并给出了6种特殊工况的Cb实用计算式,从Cb计算式的计算精度、适用范围和形式三个方面对国内外文献的Cb计算式进行对比,验证了等效弯矩系数理论的正确性并提出了Cb计算式的选用准则,最后通过2个数值算例验证了复合荷载作用下钢梁临界弯矩Mcr计算式的正确性和Cb计算式选用准则的合理性。结果表明：考虑了横向荷载作用点高度和横截面不对称参数的复合荷载作用下钢梁弯扭屈曲临界弯矩的计算式形式简单、物理意义明确且便于计算;Cb实用计算式的适用范围广且精度高;等效弯矩系数的选用准则合理、有效。     

平端板连接半刚性梁柱组合节点的抗弯承载力Ⅰ:负弯矩作用

基于现有试验数据以及组合节点抗弯承载力的研究成果,利用塑性分析方法和组件法,提出一种平端板连接组合节点承受负弯矩作用时,其塑性抗弯承载力的计算方法。探讨组合节点的实效模式,给出其各组件承载力的计算方法,组件包括钢筋、螺栓、柱腹板、梁翼缘、混凝土楼板等。考虑中和轴出现的6种位置:混凝土楼板内;钢梁上翼缘内;钢梁腹板内,所有螺栓受压;前m-1排螺栓受拉,第m排部分受拉,其余受压;1～m排完全受拉;只有钢梁下翼缘受压。该方法可以考虑节点承受非对称荷载作用的情况以及作用在连接上的剪力、高强度螺栓撬力等因素的影响。如果将组合连接的配筋率取为零,不考虑组合楼板的影响,使用该方法同样可以计算平端板连接梁柱纯钢节点在承受负弯矩作用时的抗弯承载力。     

An experimental study on steel-caged RC columns subjected to axial force and bending moment

Among the different methods of strengthening RC columns, steel caging is one of the most extensively used, for square or rectangular cross-section columns. Few studies have been carried out on steel caging and most of these have focused on axially loaded strengthened columns, without taking the effects of bending moments into account. This paper presents the results of a series of experimental tests on full-scale specimens strengthened with steel caging including simulation of the beam-column joint under combined bending and axial loads. Capitals were applied to all the specimens to connect the caging with the beam-column joint either by chemical anchors or steel bars to improve the transmission of forces. In all the specimens tested it was observed that steel caging increases both the ultimate load and ductility of the strengthened columns. The specimens fitted with steel bars reach higher ductility and strength than those with chemical anchors. The laboratory results were compared with three design proposals and the degree of fit with each one was analysed.     

基于弯矩和轴力随机相关特性的RC偏压构件可靠度分析

我国现行规范在分析混凝土偏心受压构件可靠度时,未考虑轴力和弯矩的随机相关特性。基于此,首先推导了弯矩和轴力间相关系数与对应荷载效应比值的函数表达式,得到了相关系数随荷载效应比值变化的规律。在此基础上定性分析了弯矩和轴力的随机相关特性对大偏压和小偏压两类构件失效概率的不同影响规律。采用Monte Carlo方法计算了当水...     

Critical weight of flexible pipe conveying fluid subjected to end moments

This article aims to evaluate the critical weight of flexible pipe subjected to applied end moments at fixed support locations. The pipe is hinged at one end, while the other end is free to slide over a frictionless support. The horizontal distance between the two supports is fixed. The model formulation is developed by the variational approach, and the finite element method is employed to obtain the numerical solutions. The critical weights are evaluated for various values of end moments and the proportional parameter of the end moments.     

土体抗剪强度指标矩法和线性回归方法的比较

介绍了利用矩法和线性回归方法求解抗剪强度参数的完整计算公式，同时统计了小浪底主坝防渗体64组土样试验资料，发现对于常规三轴试验，采用线性回归方法统计分析，消除了每组试验获得的c和φ本身包含的误差，精度较高，其结果也能满足工程实际应用的要求。     

Instability of beams with reduced beam section moment connections emphasizing the effect of column panel zone ductility

Column panel zone (PZ) ductility significantly affects the failure mode of beams with reduced beam section (RBS) moment connections. Even though good hysteretic behaviour is expected in connections with strong PZs, their flexural strength considerably deteriorates due to beam instability. In contrast, weak PZs are prone to high shear deformation, resulting in brittle fracture of connections. This study aims to question the provisions specified in the codes for the design of PZs. To this end, a numerical analysis was conducted on a series of subassemblies with various PZ properties. Use of lower deep sections is another major concern. It is indicated in this study that partial shear yielding in PZs can improve the hysteretic response of specimens by avoiding premature instability in beams. The results show that the PZ ultimate shear strength commonly prescribed in the design codes does not extend to an adequate safety margin. Furthermore, a new parameter is expressed for controlling an RBS beam as regards instability. This parameter is able to appropriately model the behaviour of RBS beams. The results are generally in good agreement with the existing experimental data.     

结构力学中弯矩正负分析

介绍了截面弯矩、杆端弯矩正负号在梁、刚架、位移法等部分计算中的应用，并详细分析了它们之间的本质区别和联系，为结构力学初学者提供了方便。     

Stability criteria for rectangular plates subjected to intermediate and end inplane loads

This paper is concerned with the elastic buckling of rectangular plates subjected to intermediate and end uniaxial inplane loads, whose direction is parallel to two simply supported edges. The aforementioned buckling problem is solved by decomposing the plate into two subplates at the location where the intermediate uniaxial load acts. Each subplate buckling problem is solved exactly using the Levy approach and the two solutions brought together by matching the continuity equations at the separated interface. It is worth noting that there are five possible solutions for each subplate and consequently there are 25 combinations of solutions to be considered. For different boundary conditions, the buckling solutions comprise of different combinations. For each boundary condition, the correct solution combination depends on the ratio of the intermediate load to the end load. The exact stability criteria, presented both in tabulated and in graphical forms, should be useful for engineers designing walls or plates that have to support intermediate floors/loads.     

非线性阶段预应力次弯矩概念及其在弯矩调幅中的应用

非线性阶段次弯矩的演化,以及承载力极限状态下是否考虑次弯矩的问题一直存在争议。为解决这一问题,拓展了预应力次弯矩的概念,使其能够适用于非线性阶段。运用变刚度法数值模拟了初始次弯矩(M₂)与弹性最大荷载弯矩(M_e)之比为0.15~0.36的15根有黏结预应力混凝土两跨连续梁。基于拓展后的次弯矩概念,提出了以混凝土受压区相对高度、初始次弯矩与弹性最大荷载弯矩之比为影响参数的有黏结预应力混凝土连续梁弯矩调幅公式。采用已有文献中受压区相对高度为0.35的试验梁比较了所提公式和现有的弯矩调幅公式。设计制作受压区相对高度为0.18的两跨预应力混凝土连续梁,获取单调加载下支座反力数据,检验了内力重分布程度较大时所提公式的效果。结果表明,给出的弯矩调幅公式的计算结果偏于安全,且更接近试验结果。     

Horizontal bracing to enhance progressive collapse resistance of steel moment frames

In this paper, the effect of horizontal bracing on enhancing the resistance of steel moment frames against progressive collapse is investigated. Previously designed 6 bay by 3 bay 18‐story steel frame prototype building with 6 m bay span (namely, unbraced frame), which was susceptible to progressive collapse, is retrofitted by four types of horizontal bracing systems on the perimeter of the topmost story and analyzed using 3D nonlinear dynamic method. Six different cross‐sections for each bracing system type are considered, and the capacity curves for each model are obtained. Three column removal circumstances, namely, Edge Short Column, First Edge Long Column, and Edge Long Column are considered in this paper. The results imply that horizontal bracing would increase the resistance of moment frames against progressive collapse. However, one of the bracing types in which axial compressive force is created in braces is not appropriate for retrofitting.     

弯矩分配法在连续板中的应用

针对连续板弯矩计算较繁琐的特点,引入了弯矩分配法的概念,探讨了弯矩分配法在连续板中的应用,为连续板提供了一种简单又经济的求解方法,从而达到简化计算的目的。     

预应力混凝土框架梁端弯矩调幅的试验研究

通过六榀接近足尺后张有粘结预应力混凝土框架塑性内力重分布的试验研究,分析了预应力混凝土框架梁截面相对受压区高度、预应力度、初始次弯矩、梁两端弯矩不相等等主要因素对预应力混凝土框架中梁端弯矩调幅的影响规律,并针对不同情况提出了适当的调幅设计建议。     

设置预制刚性垫块的梁端约束力矩非线性有限元分析

通过有限元分析软件ANSYS分析了设置预制刚性垫块的承重纵墙的梁端约束力矩,并将有限元分析结果与梁端固端弯矩进行了比较,讨论了梁端约束力矩的变化规律.     

设置预制刚性垫块的梁端约束力矩非线性有限元分析

通过有限元分析软件ANSYS分析了设置预制刚性垫块的承重纵墙的梁端约束力矩,并将有限元分析结果与梁端固端弯矩进行了比较,讨论了梁端约束力矩的变化规律。     

承受异号弯矩的混凝土梁抗剪性能分析

研究了承受异号弯矩混凝土梁的剪切破坏形态和特点以及与简支梁相比在抗剪承载力上的区别,并以某三跨连续刚构桥为例,通过建立边跨弯矩变号段有限元模型,对该段抗剪性能进行分析,得到相应结构安全系数、应力分布规律和截面破坏形态。     

考虑有侧移框架结构二阶效应的偏心距增大系数法的改进

从已经得出的框架结构二阶效应规律来看,我国《混凝土结构设计规范》(GB50010-2002)中用来反映有侧移框架结构P-Δ效应规律的偏心距增大系数法(或称ηs-l0法)不论从力学概念上还是方法上都有待作出根本性改进。本文在阐述了有侧移框架结构中P-Δ效应和P-δ效应的规律后,提出了能同时考虑层效应特征和引起结构侧移弯矩作用下的非弹性曲率增量特征的ηs-l0法改进方案。通过对比分析证实了改进后的方案能较准确反映框架结构P-Δ效应的真实规律,并与美国规范对应方法以及层增大系数法具有等效性。     

Design moment variations in bridges constructed using a balanced cantilever method

This paper introduces simple, but effective, equations to calculate the dead load and cantilever tendon moments in reinforced concrete (RC) bridges constructed using the balanced cantilever method (FCM). Through time-dependent analyses of RC bridges considering the construction sequence and creep deformation of concrete, structural responses related to the member forces are reviewed. On the basis of the compatibility condition and equilibrium equation at every construction stage, basic equations which can describe the moment variation with time in balanced cantilever construction are derived. These are then extended to take into account the moment variation according to changes in the construction steps. By using the introduced relations, the design moment and its variation over time can easily be obtained with only the elastic analysis results, and without additional time-dependent analyses considering the construction sequences. In addition, the design moments determined by the introduced equations are compared with the results from a rigorous numerical analysis with the objective of establishing the relative efficiencies of the introduced equations.     

地下大跨度采场围岩突变失稳风险预测

提出了大跨度采场围岩突变失稳的两种形式 :构造控制型失稳和能量控制型失稳。对前者 ,提出了基于块体理论的可靠度分析理论和系统突变失稳预测方法 ;对后者 ,以突变论为理论依据 ,利用有限元分析与可靠度分析中的响应面方法相结合 ,建立了围岩突变失稳预测的可靠度分析方法。提出的预测方法应用于西石门铁矿采场失稳预测 ,获得较满意的结果