基于氟硼二吡咯的共轭聚合物研究进展

氟硼二吡咯（BODIPY）类功能染料因具有良好的光子及电子性质已经得到广泛的应用,对其共轭聚合物的研究则在近年受到广泛关注。与BODIPY单体相比,BODIPY的共轭聚合物具有更窄的带隙、吸收光谱的红移及更强的电子传导能力。BODIPY共轭聚合物在有机半导体材料及有机太阳能电池等方面具有广泛的应用前景。总结了BODIPY共轭聚合物的制备方法、结构与性质的关系以及应用等方面,提出了BODIPY共轭聚合物设计合成策略及未来的发展趋势。     

荧光共轭聚合物传感器的应用

介绍了共轭聚合物的荧光信号放大机理,综述了近年来作为传感器的荧光共轭聚合物的应用研究进展,以及共轭聚合物作为基材的传感器的种类、共轭聚合物在传感器方面面临的问题及研究方向。     

卤化镍-锌体系参与的山本偶联聚合

山本偶联聚合反应被认为是构建共轭聚合物最高效的方法之一,在合成质子交换膜、太阳能电池、发光二极管等领域的关键材料方面有着广泛的应用。卤化镍-锌体系替代零价镍试剂的直接使用,在成本及操作便利性方面占据优势。阐述了卤化镍-锌体系参与的山本偶联聚合反应的机理,并着重介绍其在材料领域的应用。     

温度响应性树枝化聚合物研究进展

温度响应性树枝化聚合物结合了温度响应性高分子和树枝化聚合物的优点,在生物医用材料、荧光分子的包络和释放以及温敏传感器分子探针等方面具有潜在的应用价值。综述了温度响应性树枝化聚合物的合成、性能和应用研究进展。     

耦合共轭聚合物改性在光催化技术中的研究进展

综述了耦合共轭聚合物的改性方法以及在光催化材料中的应用。主要介绍了聚苯胺、聚吡咯、聚噻吩、聚氯乙烯衍生物及聚酰亚胺等共轭聚合物在光催化中的应用和改性方法研究,并展望了未来光催化技术领域的研究方向。指出耦合共轭聚合物是一种高效且具有良好前景的光催化剂,改性措施相对于传统的贵金属沉积、元素掺杂以及复合半导体等改性方法具有结构可调变、价格低廉和原材料丰富的优点,对于光催化技术的大规模推广应用具有促进作用。     

共轭聚合物在荧光化学传感器中的应用特征

综述了共轭聚合物作为传感材料在荧光化学传感器中的应用特征,着重就其良好的半导体性及灵敏性、高的摩尔吸光系数与荧光量子效率、传感信号放大功能以及良好的加工性能进行了介绍。此外,还对其发展方向和应用前景进行了展望。     

耦合共轭聚合物改性在光催化技术中的研究进展

综述了耦合共轭聚合物的改性方法以及在光催化材料中的应用。主要介绍了聚苯胺、聚吡咯、聚噻吩、聚氯乙烯衍生物及聚酰亚胺等共轭聚合物在光催化中的应用和改性方法研究,并展望了未来光催化技术领域的研究方向。指出耦合共轭聚合物是一种高效且具有良好前景的光催化剂,改性措施相对于传统的贵金属沉积、元素掺杂以及复合半导体等改性方法具有结构可调变、价格低廉和原材料丰富的优点,对于光催化技术的大规模推广应用具有促进作用。     

新型生物基聚合物的合成及应用研究进展

与以石油化学品为原料合成的高分子材料不同,生物基聚合物是用可再生的生物资源合成的一类绿色环保聚合物材料,具有来源绿色、价廉易得、易于降解的特点。本文主要介绍了新型生物基聚合物的合成方法,并综述了这些新型生物基聚合物在生物材料、抗菌材料、涂料、形状记忆材料等方面的应用研究进展。     

金属有机骨架材料多功能阻燃聚合物应用研究进展

简要介绍了具有高孔隙率、催化吸附等特性的金属有机骨架（MOFs）材料的分类及合成方法,分别从改性以及未改性MOFs材料在聚合物中的阻燃应用及阻燃机理来阐述了近年来MOFs材料在聚合物材料阻燃方面的研究现状。最后,对其MOFs材料的应用前景进行了总结与展望。     

新型多功能材料金属聚合物的研究进展

金属聚合物作为一种新型多功能材料而越来越受到人们的重视。本文综述了金属聚合物的合成及应用研究进展,特别介绍了金属聚合物用于电子材料、发光材料、传感器材料等方面的研究现状。     

Water‐soluble fluorescent nanoparticles without distinct aggregation of conjugated polymer chains

In a previous study, we reported water‐soluble light‐emitting nanoparticles with distinct interchain aggregation states of the constituent conjugated polymers. These interchain states usually result in strong self‐quenching, dramatically reducing the quantum efficiency of fluorescence. In the work reported in the present study, we developed new water‐soluble fluorescent nanoparticles without distinct aggregation of the conjugated polymer chains, which demonstrated distinctive morphologies and optical properties. ‘Strawberry’ morphologies of the nanoparticles were directly observed using transmission electron microscopy. The conjugated polymers were dispersed in the individual cores of the nanoparticles and the majority of the core diameters were in the range 8–12 nm. The primary optical properties of the conjugated polymers in tetrahydrofuran still remained in the nanoparticles. The results suggest that the conjugated polymer chains formed a possible unimolecular structure without distinct aggregation in the nanoparticles. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

Facile enzymatic preparation of fluorescent conjugated polymers of phenols and their application in sensing

The recognized drawback of utilizing metal catalysts for the synthesis of fluorescent conjugated polymers (CP) is the requirement for extensive purification to ensure complete removal of residual catalyst that would otherwise quench the fluorescence. In addition, typical synthesis of fluorescent CP involves multiple steps, monomers and solvents with varying levels of toxicity. This work demonstrates the possibility of utilizing oxidoreductase enzymes as the catalyst, for the one step polymerization of naturally occurring phenols to yield fluorescent conjugated polyphenols. The metal in the active site of the enzyme remains chelated during the synthesis allowing the polymers to be fluorescent as synthesized without the need for extensive purification. Three natural phenols, 4‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid, hydroxytyrosol, and chlorogenic acid were polymerized using Horseradish peroxidase as the biocatalyst. Spectroscopic techniques, UV–vis, Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy–Attenuated Total Reflectance, and fluorescence, are used to characterize chemical structure and photoluminescence of these polymers. The polyphenols exhibit fluorescence with significant stokes shift in the range 30–100 nm rendering them useful in fluorescence quenching‐based sensors. Preliminary studies on use of these polymers, in the detection of nitro‐aromatic compounds in solution through using fluorescence‐quenching are also presented. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46496.     

Recent advances in conjugated polymers for light emitting devices

A recent advance in the field of light emitting polymers has been the discovery of electroluminescent conjugated polymers, that is, kind of fluorescent polymers that emit light when excited by the flow of an electric current. These new generation fluorescent materials may now challenge the domination by inorganic semiconductor materials of the commercial market in light-emitting devices such as light-emitting diodes (LED) and polymer laser devices. This review provides information on unique properties of conjugated polymers and how they have been optimized to generate these properties. The review is organized in three sections focusing on the major advances in light emitting materials, recent literature survey and understanding the desirable properties as well as modern solid state lighting and displays. Recently, developed conjugated polymers are also functioning as roll-up displays for computers and mobile phones, flexible solar panels for power portable equipment as well as organic light emitting diodes in displays, in which television screens, luminous traffic, information signs, and light-emitting wallpaper in homes are also expected to broaden the use of conjugated polymers as light emitting polymers. The purpose of this review paper is to examine conjugated polymers in light emitting diodes (LEDs) in addition to organic solid state laser. Furthermore, since conjugated polymers have been approved as light-emitting organic materials similar to inorganic semiconductors, it is clear to motivate these organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) and organic lasers for modern lighting in terms of energy saving ability. In addition, future aspects of conjugated polymers in LEDs were also highlighted in this review.     

Fluorescent polyelectrolytes as protein sensors

This review discusses recent advances in protein sensing using fluorescent polyelectrolytes that are mainly water‐soluble conjugated polymers. A quencher‐labeled substrate or fluorophore‐labeled substrate is generally used as a probe. In the presence of an enzyme, the linker between substrate and quencher/fluorophore is cleaved and fluorescence of the polymer is either ‘turned on’ or ‘turned off’. Fluorescence behavior of these conjugated polymers is highly sensitive to conformation of the polymeric chains. Since upon binding with proteins the conformation is perturbed and fluorescence is affected, these polyelectrolytes have been used to study conformational changes in proteins. The conformation‐dependent fluorescence is also a limitation for these sensors in some cases and non‐conjugated polyelectrolytes have been shown to provide an alternative. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry     

Conjugated Polymers with Aggregation-Induced Emission Characteristics for Fluorescence Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy

Accurate diagnosis and treatment have been extensively developed in the field of biomedicine, which put forward higher requirements for the development of biomedical materials with high efficiency and selectivity. Among them, conjugated polymers featuring aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics (AIE conjugated polymers) have stood out in recent years owing to their unique properties, such as intense solid emission, high light-harvesting ability, efficient energy transfer, and high ¹O₂ generation ability, which empower them with effective biomedical functions in fluorescence imaging (FLI), photodynamic therapy (PDT), FLI-guided PDT, two-photon excited photodynamic therapy (2PE-PDT), etc. In this review, we highlight recent progress in AIE conjugated polymers and their applications in anticancer and antibacterial areas based on FLI and PDT, and summarize the mechanism of color-tuned fluorescence emission and efficient ¹O₂ generation ability. The challenges and perspectives for the future development of AIE conjugated polymers are also discussed.     

Fluorescent chemosensor for metal ions based on optically active polybinaphthyls and 1,3,4-oxadiazole

Linear chiral polymers P-1 and P-2 were synthesized by the polymerization of (R)-5,5′-dibromo-6,6′-di(4-methylphenyl)-2,2′-bisoctoxy-1,1′-binaphthyl (R-M-1) with 2,5-di(4-vinylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (M-2) and 2,5-di(4-tributylstannylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (M-3) via Heck and Stille cross-coupling reaction, respectively. The chiral conjugated polymer P-1 can show strong green-blue fluorescence, and the chiral polymer P-2 shows strong blue fluorescence. While the conjugated polymers P-1 and P-2 were used as fluorescent chemosensor for metal ions, their fluorescence can be efficiently quenched on the addition of different metal ions. The obvious quenching effect of the polymers P-1 and P-2 indicates that the intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer (PET) or photoinduced charge transfer (PCT) between the polymer backbone and receptor-ions in the main chain of fluorescent chemosensor can lead to the pronounced fluorescence quenching. The results also show that the chiral polymers P-1 and P-2 incorporating 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety as the recognition site can act as a special fluorescent chemosensor for the appropriate detection of the sensitive and selective sense of metal ions.     

Hyperbranched polymer based on triphenylamine and pyridine: Fluorescent chemosensors for palladium ions

Two new hyperbranched fluorescent conjugated polymers containing pyridine units were synthesized via Heck coupling reaction and Sonogashira coupling reaction, respectively, and characterized by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, FTIR, and GPC. The copolymers are readily soluble in common organic solvents such as chloroform, THF, and DMF. Thermal analysis revealed that the copolymers had good thermal stability. The fluorescence quenching behaviors of the hyperbranched copolymers by metal ions were studied. It was found that the fluorescence of the copolymers can be effectively quenched by Pd²⁺. Moreover, the two hyperbranched copolymers exhibited different quenching efficiency, which may be related to difference in the hindrance for the chelation of pyridine unit with metal ions of the two polymers. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Fluorescent chemosensor based on the conjugated polymer incorporating 2,2′‐bipyridyl moiety for transition metal ions

A fluorescent conjugated polymer was synthesized by the polymerization of 1,4‐dibromo‐2,3‐bisbutoxynaphthalene ( M‐2 ) with 5,5′‐divinyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine ( M‐3 ) via Heck reaction. The conjugated polymer shows strong blue–green fluorescence because of the extended π‐electronic structure between the repeating unit 2,3‐bisbutoxynaphthyl group and the conjugated linker 2,2′‐bipyridyl (bpy = 2,2′‐bipyridine) moiety via vinylene bridge. The responsive properties of the conjugated polymer on transition metal ions were investigated by fluorescent and UV–vis spectra. The results show that Cu²⁺ and Ni²⁺ can form nonradiative metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer complexes with the polymer, whereas, Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ do not produce the pronounced differences from the polymer fluorescence and UV–vis spectra. The fluorescent quenching can probably be attributed to the intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer (PET) or photoinduced charge transfer (PCT). The results can also suggest that 2,2′‐bipyridyl moiety in the main chain backbone of the conjugated polymer can act as the recognition site of a special fluorescent chemosensor for sensitive detection of transition metal ions. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009