高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定花生制品中的黄曲霉毒素B_1、B_2、G_1、G_2

采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定花生制品中4种黄曲霉毒素（B1、B2、G1、G2）的方法。结果表明,在ESI正离子模式下,高效液相色谱-串联质谱法的最低检出限为0.2μg/kg,定量限为0.6μg/kg;标准工作液在0.5~50.0μg/kg的范围内线性良好,相关系数达到0.9990。     

超高压液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食用植物油中4种黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2

目的 建立测定食用植物油中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2的优质高效的分析方法。方法 采用超高压液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)法。样品用乙酸乙酯提取, 弗罗里硅土小柱净化, 经 C18色谱柱分离, 以电喷雾离子源在正离子多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行测定, 外标法定量。结果 黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2的检出限均为0.04 ?g/kg, 定量限均为0.10 ?g/kg, 在0.1~20 ?g/L范围内线性关系良好, 相关系数r分别为0.9986, 0.9986, 0.9992, 0.9996。在0.1~5.0 ?g/kg加标水平内黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2的回收率为79.1%~94.6%, RSD为5.0 %~9.6%。结论 该方法实用、准确、灵敏, 适用于食用植物油中黄曲霉毒素残留量的测定。     

QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定玉米油中伏马毒素B1、B2、B3

目的建立QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定玉米油中伏马毒素B_1、B_2和B_3的分析方法。方法样品经酸化的乙腈水溶液混合振荡提取,然后进行盐析液体分配,通过QuEChERS净化柱净化,以乙腈和水为流动相, C_(18)色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm, 2.7μm)进行分离,多反应监测模式检测,采用基质匹配标准曲线进行定量分析。结果 3种伏马毒素在0.5～100.0μg/L线性范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r~20.99,检出限和定量限分别为0.12～0.70μg/kg和0.42～2.40μg/kg。在3个添加水平下, 3种伏马毒素的平均加标回收率为83.2%～108.0%(n=6),相对标准偏差为1.9%～4.6%。结论本方法操作简便、检测成本低、定量准确,适于玉米油样品中伏马毒素的快速检测。     

UPLC-MS/MS法测定花生油中黄曲霉毒素B1的含量

建立超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定花生油中黄曲霉毒素B_1含量的方法。与液相色谱法相比较,无需衍生化,避免了柱前和柱后衍生受衍生产物的不稳定性、衍生剂的浓度、温度、反应时间和色谱峰展宽等因素的影响。采用多反应监测(MRM)方式进行检测,黄曲霉毒素B_1在1.0 ng/m L~20 ng/m L浓度范围具有良好的线性关系,相关系数(r~2)为0.999 1,在空白样品中加入2.0μg/kg和16.0μg/kg两个浓度水平的黄曲霉毒素B_1,平均回收率在89.5%~93.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)在4.3%~5.8%,定量限为0.3μg/kg,仪器精密度试验结果相对标准偏差为1.3%。     

食品中黄曲霉毒素B_1的液相色谱-串联质谱测定法

建立了食品中黄曲霉毒素B1残留量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱的检测方法。样品经乙腈+水(84+16)提取后,经多功能净化柱净化,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测。本方法定量限为1μg/kg,线性范围为1~20 ng/mL;在黄曲霉毒素B1添加水平为1~10μg/kg时,在玉米样品中的回收率为95%~105%;在酱油样品中的回收率为96%~106%。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品中红2G、酸性红、酸性红52着色剂方法研究

建立了食品中红2G、酸性红、酸性红52的高效液相色谱-串联三重四级杆质谱测定方法。样品经聚酰胺粉吸附法净化,以乙腈和乙酸铵为流动相,梯度洗脱分离,在负离子和多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行定性定量分析。食品中红2G、酸性红、酸性红52的方法检出限分别为5μg/L、6μg/L、1μg/L;在30μg/L-1000μg/L浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数较好;方法平均回收率在80%以上,相对标准偏差均小于10%。该方法定性准确、灵敏度高,适用于食品中红2G、酸性红、酸性红52这3种合成着色剂的同时检测。     

食品中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2的高效液相色谱测定方法

为建立同时测定食品中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2的高效液相色谱测定方法，将碾磨后的试样经乙腈＋水溶液提取、过滤后，以MycoSep^TM净化柱净化，吹干净化液后，加入正己烷和三氟乙酸溶液衍生，反相色谱柱测定。黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2能达到完全的基线分离，检出限分别为0．012、0．008、0．036和0．024μg／kg，不同水平的加标回收率均达80％以上，RSD均小于3．0％。该方法快速、准确、灵敏，有利于试验者安全，能同时分离食品中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2。     

UPLC-MS-MS法检测辣椒及其制品和肉酱中的罗丹明B含量

建立了辣椒及其制品和肉酱中罗丹明B含量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用检测方法。样品经乙腈提取后,经中性氧化铝固相萃取柱净化,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测。本方法定量限0.1μg/kg,线性范围0.2~50 ng/mL;在罗丹明B添加水平0.1~10μg/kg时,辣椒片样品中的回收率76%~92%,辣椒制品中的回收率74%~93%,肉酱样品中的回收率70%~90%。     

免疫亲和柱净化-高效液相色谱-三重串联四级杆质谱法测定食用植物油中的黄曲霉毒素B1

建立了免疫亲和柱净化-高效液相色谱-三重串联四级杆质谱法测定食用植物油中黄曲霉毒素B1的方法。采用70%甲醇水溶液提取食用植物油中黄曲霉毒素B1,提取液经过滤、免疫亲和柱净化后,上高效液相色谱-三重串联四级杆质谱仪进行测定。结果表明,黄曲霉毒素B1在0.2~10 ng/mL范围内方程线性关系良好,方法检出限(S/N=3)为0.05μg/kg,定量限(S/N=10)为0.2μg/kg,平均加标回收率在83.0%~94.8%之间,相对标准偏差小于7.8%。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蜂胶软胶囊中 黄曲霉毒素B1

目的建立测定蜂胶软胶囊中黄曲霉毒素B1的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法。方法样品经甲醇超声提取,用氰基柱将黄曲霉毒素B1分离,用高效液相色谱-串联质谱进行测定,外标法定量。结果黄曲霉毒素B1标准曲线在0.1~2.0 ng/m L范围内有良好的线性,r0.9998,回收率为80.1%~87.8%,RSD3.0%,检出限为1.0μg/kg。结论该方法结果准确可靠,较节省试剂、耗材,节省样品前处理时间,有利于降低检验成本,适用于保健食品蜂胶软胶囊中黄曲霉毒素B1的限量测定。     

UPLC-MS/MS法同时测定牛奶中青霉素G及青霉噻唑酸

利用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定牛奶中的青霉素G和青霉噻唑酸。样品经乙腈沉淀蛋白,上清液氮气吹干后,用水溶解,加入正己烷萃取除去脂肪;提取液经ACQUITYUPLCBEHC18柱分离,乙腈-1mmol/L乙酸铵+0.1%甲酸水溶液洗脱。青霉素G和青霉噻唑酸的检出限分别为1、2μg/kg,定量限分别为5、10μg/kg。在10～100ng/mL浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数均大于0.999,牛奶中的加标回收率在92%～103%,精密度(RSD,n=3)范围在2%～4%。     

Aflatoxin (B1, B2, G1, and G2) Contamination in Rice of Mexico and Spain,from Local Sources or Imported

Rice is an important cereal but it is often contaminated with aflatoxins (AFs). The purpose of this study was to identify and quantify AF (B₁, B₂, G₁, and G₂) in 67 rice samples cultivated in Mexico and Spain, and from imported crops collected in 2008 and 2009. The methodology was validated, the rice samples were concentrated and purified with immunoaffinity columns and were quantified by high‐pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The average total AF (AFt) in the Spanish rice was 37.3 μg/kg, the range was from 1.6 to 1383 μg/kg, the most contaminated samples being from San Juan de Aznalfarache, Sevilla (AFt = 138.6 μg/kg), from Tortosa, Tarragona (AFt = 104.6 μg/kg), and Calasparra, Murcia (AFt = 103.9 μg/kg). The rice imported from France to Spain had AFt of 26.6 μg/kg and from Pakistan AFt of 18.4 μg/kg, showing less AF contamination than the local one. The rice which originated from Mexico contained (AFt = 16.9 μg/kg), and those imported from the United States (AFt = 14.4 μg/kg) and Uruguay (AFt = 15.6 μg/kg). The imported rice had better quality in terms of the presence of AFs.     

Occurrence of aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2) in herbal tea consumed in Turkey

Aflatoxin contents in 12 types of herbal teas were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detector using immunoaffinity column clean-up. Forty eight samples were collected from four local herbal shops in Manisa, Turkey. Of the 48 samples analyzed, 43 were aflatoxin positive. The highest concentration of aflatoxin (34.18 µg/kg) was determined in a sample of camomile tea. The occurrence of AFB1, B2, G1 and G2 was found in samples at levels of 54, 29, 71 and 46 %, respectively. Aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 contamination levels varied from 0 to 14.2, 0 to 12.4, 0 to 13.5 and 0 to 28.7 µg/kg, respectively. Aflatoxin was not detected in five samples consisting of linseed, lime and fennel tea.     

Co-occurrence of aflatoxins B 1 , B 2 , G 1 , G 2 , zearalenone and fumonisin B 1 in Brazilian corn

Two hundred and fourteen unprocessed corn samples (1997-98 harvest), collected at wholesale markets in different regions in Brazil, were surveyed for the occurrence of mycotoxins. The samples were analysed for aflatoxins B 1 , B 2 , G 1 , G 2 , zearalenone and fumoni1sin B 1 using in-house validated methods. The occurrence of aflatoxin B 1 , zearalenone and fumonisin B 1 was found in 38.3, 30.4 and 99.1% of the samples, respectively. Aflatoxin B 1 , zearalenone and fumonisin B 1 contamination levels varied from 0.2 to 129, 36.8 to 719, and 200 to 6100 μg/kg, respectively. The cooccurrence of the two carcinogenic mycotoxins aflatoxin B 1 and fumonisin B 1 was observed in 100% of the aflatoxin-contaminated samples (82 samples). Cooccurrences of aflatoxin B 1 : zearalenone: fumonisin B 1 and aflatoxin B 1 : aflatoxin B 2 : fumonisin B 1 were found in 18 and 43 samples, respectively.     

Occurrence of aflatoxins B 1 , B 2 , G 1 and G 2 in some Brazilian pet foods

The presence of cereals and grains in the formulation of pet foods suggests the need to control aflatoxin contamination in these foods. The objective of the study was to analyse domestic pet food to determine the occurrence of aflatoxins as well as their risk to animal health. One hundred food samples (45 for dogs, 25 for cats, 30 for birds) were collected at random from pet shops in Alfenas city, south-east Brazil. Thin-layer chromatography was used for separation, identification and quantification of the compounds after validation of the method. Aflatoxins were detected in 12.0% of the samples. Levels of aflatoxins (B 1 + B 2 + G 1 + G 2 ) above the maximum limit established in Brazil (50 µg kg -1 ) for animal food were detected in five of the 12 positive samples (41.7%). The concentration of total aflatoxins was 15-374 µg kg -1 (mean 131 µg kg -1 ). All samples containing peanuts were positive for aflatoxin B 1 . Aflatoxins are carcinogenic and their consumption might be a risk for domestic animal health. The high prevalence of aflatoxin B 1 in foods prepared for birds, species highly susceptible to aflatoxins, shows the need for the re-evaluation of the use of peanuts (present in seven of the eight samples positives for aflatoxin) and/or the addition of fungicides to the food.     

Occurrence of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 in peanuts and their products marketed in the region of Campinas, Brazil in 1995 and 1996.

Samples of peanuts and their products marketed in the region of Campinas, Brazil in 1995 and 1996 were analysed in terms of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, and G2 by thin-layer chromatography, aiming at the protection of consumer health. Of the 80 samples analysed, 35 of peanuts and 45 of peanut products, 41 (51%) presented contamination with aflatoxin, 11 of them being peanuts (27%) and 30 being products (67%), in a range of 43 to 1099 micrograms/kg for B1 + B2 + G1 + G2 with a 90th percentile of 415 (B1 + G1) and of 615 (B1 + B2 + G1 + G2). The results also demonstrated that aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) reached the highest incidence and the highest upper limits compared with all the other aflatoxins.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定酱卤肉制品中1-甲基咪唑、2-甲基咪唑及4-甲基咪唑

建立了酱卤肉制品中同时测定1-甲基咪唑（1-methylimidazole,1-MEI）、2-甲基咪唑（2-methylimidazole,2-MEI）和4-甲基咪唑（4-methylimidazole,4-MEI）的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）的分析方法。样品经水提取,强阳离子交换固相萃取柱（Waters Oasis MCX）富集净化,氮吹复溶后,Agilent Zorbax HILIC（2.1 mm×100 mm,3.5 μm）色谱柱分离,以乙腈和5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾离子源正离子电离多反应监测模式（MRM）测定,同位素内标法定量。结果表明,1-MEI、2-MEI和4-MEI在30～400 ng/mL范围内,线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.9997;方法检出限和定量限分别为10、30 μg/kg;在30、60、300 μg/kg加标水平下的平均回收率为92.0%～116.3%,相对标准偏差（n=6）为0.70%～3.96%。采用该方法对市售的36批次酱卤肉制品进行检测,1-MEI均未检出;2-MEI检出率为5.5%,含量为21.4～23.6 μg/kg;4-MEI检出率为100%,含量为3.1～306.6 μg/kg。该方法灵敏、快速、准确,适用于酱卤肉制品中1-MEI、2-MEI和4-MEI的定性定量测定。     

Aflatoxins in Foods and Feedstuffs. Part 2. Determination of the aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 contents in Grain crops1

The simple method for determination of small amounts of aflatoxins (about 5–10 μg/kg) was described. The method was adopted for wheat, barley, rye and oats. Difficulties of aflatoxins determination in cereals are discussed, mainly observed during purification of extracts and resolution by TLC. Different tests were compared for confirmation of aflatoxins in cereals. Results of cereal crops control for contamination with aflatoxins are presented.     

同位素内标高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定粮食及其制品中赭曲霉毒素A、B和C

建立一种同位素内标高效液相色谱—串联质谱法同时测定粮食及其制品中赭曲霉毒素A、B和C的方法。样品用乙腈-水(84:16,V/V)提取,振荡离心后取上清液过赭曲霉毒素免疫亲和柱富集净化,经Waters ACQUITY BEH C₁₈(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm)进行液相色谱-串联质谱分析,采用多反应监测(MRM)、正离子模式和内标法定量,同时对线性范围、准确度、精密度和加标回收率等进行方法学验证。结果表明,在优化的条件下,赭曲霉毒素A、B和C在0.25~2.5 ng/mL线性范围内线性良好,决定系数均在0.999以上,本方法对赭曲霉毒素的检出限(LODs,S/N=3)和定量限(LOQs,S/N=10)分别为0.003~0.018、0.011~0.059 μg/kg;在2.0~10.0 μg/kg 三个加标水平下,方法的平均回收率为80.50%~107.08%,相对偏差(RSDs)介于0.14%~4.94%(n=6)。利用此方法对10个批次的粮食及其制品进行检测,发现1个批次的样品检出赭曲霉毒素A,含量为(0.35±0.01) μg/kg。此方法操作简便、灵敏度高,适用于粮食及其制品中赭曲霉毒素A、B和C的检测。