亚胺化法制备SMI及其对ABS耐热改性的研究

以苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)和苯胺为原料,采用亚胺化法合成了苯乙烯-N-苯基马来酰亚胺共聚物(SMI)。将所制备的SMI和ABS树脂以一定比例进行熔融共混,采用DSC、万能材料测试仪和DMA等手段研究了产物的力学性能和耐热性能。结果表明,相比ABS树脂,SMI/ABS合金的耐热性能得到了显著提升,并保持了良好的力学性能。共混体系呈现出热力学稳定的均相体系。     

PA6/SMA/N-PMI共混物的制备及其性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备了尼龙6/苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物/N-苯基马来酰亚胺共混物(PA6/SMA/N-PMI),并利用DSC、TGA及力学性能测试等手段研究了SMA用量对PA6/SMA/N-PMI共混物熔融结晶行为、热学性能以及力学性能的影响。结果表明,共混物的最大分解温度较纯PA6有较大提高;SMA用量的增加,共混物的结晶温度、结晶度以及熔融焓均先降低再升高;当SMA用量为5份时,共混物的弯曲强度、弯曲模量以及热变形温度均达到最大值,分别为113.8、3 053 MPa及61.3℃,较纯PA6分别提高了25.1%、28.0%及19.0%;拉伸强度在SMA用量为7.5份时达到最大值81.4 MPa,较纯PA6提高了17.1%。     

超韧PA6/ABS合金的制备

以苯乙烯-马来酸酐（SMA）共聚物为增容剂，考察了ABS及SMA的含量对PA6／ABS共混体系的力学性能的影响；并利用SEM研究了PA6／ABS冲击断面的相结构。研究表明：SMA是PA6／ABS共混体系的有效增容剂。随着其含量的增加，分散相ABS粒子的尺寸减小，分散更加均匀，能显著地改善PA6／ABS共混物的冲击、拉伸和弯曲性能。在该共混体系中，ABS含量的增加能够大幅度地提高PA6／ABS共混物的冲击韧性；但当ABS含量超过10％时，将使PA6／ABS共混物的拉伸和弯曲性能明显下降。SMA的添加量为0．5％，且质量比为90／10的PA6／ABS共混体系能保持较好的加工性能，制备的PA6／ABS合金具有最佳的综合力学性能和超高韧性．Izod缺口冲击强度高达1200J／m。     

PA6/PP/SEBS-g-MAH共混物的相容性研究

采用马来酸酐接枝(氢化苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯)共聚物(SEBS-g-MAH)作为增容剂,研究了增容剂用量对尼龙6/聚丙烯(PA6/PP)共混体系相态结构、力学性能的影响,以及在相同增容剂用量下不同PA6、PP配比对体系相形态的影响。结果表明,SEBS-g-MAH中的酸酐基团能与PA6末端的氨基发生化学反应,在PA6和PP的内表面形成PA6-SEBS接枝共聚物,明显改善了两相的界面相容性,并使共混物的力学性能得到显著提高。共混物冲击断面形貌的分析表明,共混物发生了明显的脆韧转变。     

PA6/ABS共混物性能研究

将聚酰胺6（PA6）与市售的丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯（ABS）树脂共混,制备PA6/ABS共混物。研究了ABS树脂的用量对PA6/ABS共混物力学性能的影响;采用苯乙烯及丙烯腈共聚物（SAN）和ABS粉料熔融共混制得不同胶含量的ABS/SAN共混物。研究了不同胶含量的ABS/SAN共混物对PA6/ABS共混物力学性能的影响。在PA6/ABS/SAN共混物中引入苯乙烯-丙烯腈-马来酸酐共聚（SAM）树脂取代部分SAN树脂,研究了SAM树脂的加入及引入顺序的不同对共混物性能的影响。结果表明, ABS树脂的用量在50%～60%左右时共混物性能最佳。随ABS/SAN共混物胶含量提高,共混物的拉伸强度、弹性模量、弯曲强度和弯曲模量逐渐降低。随SAM树脂替代SAN量增加,共混物的拉伸和弯曲性能先降低后增加。但共混物熔体流动速率降低明显,而SAM树脂的引入顺序对共混物的力学性能影响不大。     

共混方式对ABS／PA6／SMA共混体系形态和力学性能的影响

以苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物（SMA）为反应增容剂，研究不同共混工艺和ABS／PA6配比对三共混体系聚集态结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明：SMA对共混体系增容效果显著，并明显改善了ABS／PA6共混体系的力学性能。其中当PA6用量为30份和40份时，SMA先与ABS共混再与PA6共混的方式所生成共混物的性能优于SMA先与PA6共混再与ABS共混的方式。PA6用量为30份时性能最好，共混物的分散相尺寸达到最小值0．31μm，分散相颗粒PA6周长面积比为最大值0．46，拉伸强度和冲击强度也分别为最大值63．2MPa和8．29kJ／m^2。当PA6用量达到45份时，共混方式对共混物的力学性能影响不大。研究表明，当ABS为连续相时，共混方式可以强烈地影响ABS／PA6共混物体系的聚集态结构和力学性能，而PA6和ABS向共连续相发展时，共混方式对ABS／PA6聚集态结构和力学性能则影响不大。     

PA6/ABS/SMA/OMMT共混物的结构与性能研究

研究了有机蒙脱土(OMMT)对尼龙6(PA6)/丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)/苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)合金体系聚集态结构及性能的影响。实验表明:OMMT的加入提高了PA6/ABS合金体系的强度及模量,但加入OMMT后共混物的韧性有所下降。TEM的分析结果表明:对PA6/ABS/SMA/OMMT共混物,OMMT用量小于2份时,PA6/ABS/SMA/OMMT共混物中OMMT基本以剥离形态分布。     

共混工艺对SMAH增容ABS/PA6共混物形态和力学性能的影响

以(苯乙烯/马来酸酐)共聚物(SMAH)为增容剂,研究了共混工艺对(丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯)共聚物/尼龙6(ABS/PA6)共混物聚集态结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明,ABS与PA6直接共混时相容性差;加入增容剂SMAH后,分散相尺寸变小且易均匀分散,显著改善了ABS/PA6共混物的力学性能。当ABS为连续相、PA6为分散相时,共混物的聚集态结构强烈地受共混工艺的影响,(ABS/SMAH)/PA6共混物的分散相尺寸最小、力学性能最优;当PA6为连续相、ABS为分散相时,共混物的聚集态结构基本不受共混工艺的影响。     

PA6/ABS的结构与力学性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备了苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)增容的聚酰胺6/丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(PA6/ABS)共混物,用扫描电镜(SEM)对PA6/ABS共混物结构进行了表征.结果表明,随着SMA含量的增加,PA6/ABS共混体系的橡胶相粒径减小.橡胶颗粒的多分散系数保持不变,基体层厚度逐渐减小;PA6/ABS共混体系的脆韧转变温度随SMA含量的增加先减小后增加.     

共混工艺对ABS／PA6共混物聚集态结构及性能的影响

以苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物（SMA）为增容剂，研究了共混工艺对ABS／PA6共混物力学性能和聚集态结构的影响；并利用SEM研究了ABS／PA6冲击断面的形貌结构。研究表明：未加相容剂的ABS／PA6共混物，分散相易聚集，相容性差，力学性能最差，且有的孔洞直径大于4μm。加入反应性相容剂SMA后，PA6分散颗粒变小及更均匀地分散于ABS中，能显著改善ABS／PA6共混物的冲击，拉伸性能。在不同共混工艺下，力学性能最好的是通过ABS和SMA挤出，再与PA6挤出，注塑得到的ABS／PA6共混物；其次PA6／SMA挤出，再与ABS挤出，注塑的ABS／PA6共混物；接着是PA6／SMA／ABS一起挤出，注塑的ABS／PA6共混物；最后为PA6／ABS一起挤出，未加SMA，注塑的ABS／PA6共混物。     

Mechanical,thermal, and morphological behavior of the polyamide 6/acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene blends irradiated with gamma rays

Polymeric materials with improved properties can be obtained through polymer blends. As a polymer mixture is generally immiscible and incompatible, it is necessary to use compatibilizers to improve the interfacial adhesion. Polyamide 6 (PA‐6) is an attractive polymer to engineering applications; however, it reveals processing instability and relatively low‐notched impact strength. This behavior can be modified by blending with acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) copolymer. In this study, blends of PA‐6 with ABS were prepared using gamma irradiation, and the effects of ABS and ionizing radiation on the properties of PA‐6/ABS blends were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The data showed that the presence of ABS (30 wt%) in the blend decreased the tensile strength and elongation at break with respect to pure PA‐6. The decrease in the mechanical property was observed at doses 30 and 50 kGy. ABS showed strong effect on the crystallization of PA‐6 in the PA‐6/ABS binary blends. All irradiated blends are thermally more stable than those non‐irradiated. Chemical changes can be clearly seen in FTIR spectra through two bands assigned for N? H and OH? groups. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2008. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers     

EBA-g-MAH共聚物增容PA6/ABS共混体系的聚集态结构与性能

通过熔融共混法制备了EBA-g-MAH增容PA6/ABS共混物,采用FTIR、SEM、DSC等测试了EBA-g-MAH对PA6/ABS共混物的增容作用;并讨论了EBA-g-MAH对PA6/ABS共混物的结晶性、力学性能及吸水率的影响。研究结果表明:EBA-g-MAH与PA6发生化学反应所生成的接枝物对PA6/ABS共混物有较好的增容作用,使分散相尺寸明显减小;PA6/ABS共混物的冲击强度得到很大的提高,比纯PA6提高430%,吸水性也得到改善,但是拉伸强度有所降低。DSC研究表明:EBA-g-MAH的加入抑制了PA6/ABS共混物中PA6的结晶,使PA6结晶度降低。     

Influence of compatibilizer on mechanical,morphological and rheological properties of PP/ABS blends

The objective of this work was to study the compatibilizer effect on polypropylene (PP) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) blends. The blends were coextruded and injection molded in various ratios of ABS with and without compatibilizers. Universal testing machine was employed to analyze the tensile properties of basic PP/ABS binary blends. From the mechanical testing, the impact and tensile properties of PP/ABS blend were optimized at 80/20 weight ratio. Various compatibilizers such as PP-g-MAH, SEBS-g-MAH and ethylene α-olefin copolymer were used and their comparative performance on binary blend was enumerated. Hybrid compatibilization effect was also studied and reported. However, the addition of compatibilizers showed the maximum increase in impact strength attributed to rubber toughening effect of ABS. The effect of compatibilizers on morphological properties was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM micrographs depicted the more efficient dispersion of ABS particles in PP matrix with the addition of compatibilizers. Further, interparticle distance analysis was carried out to evaluate the rubber toughening effect. The ABS droplet size in compatibilized PP/ABS blend was brought to minimum of 3.2 μm from 9.9 μm with the addition of compatibilizers. The melt rheology of PP/ABS blend systems was investigated through parallel plate arrangement in frequency sweep. Linear viscoelastic properties like storage (G′) and loss (G″) modulus and complex viscosity (η*) have been reported with reference to the virgin materials. It is understood that the combination of compatibilizers (hybrid compatibilizer) had a considerable effect on the overall blend properties.     

Acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene toughened nylon 6: The influences of compatibilizer on morphology and impact properties

Polymer alloys have been used as an alternative to obtain polymeric materials with unique physical properties. Generally, the polymer mixture is incompatible, which makes it necessary to use a compatibilizer to improve the interfacial adhesion. Nylon 6 (PA6) is an attractive polymer to use in engineering applications, but it has processing instability and relatively low notched impact strength. In this study, the acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) triblock copolymer was used as an impact modifier for PA6. Poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐maleic anyhydride) (MMA‐MA) and poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐glycidyl methacrylate) (MMA‐GMA) were used as compatibilizers for this blend. The morphology and impact strength of the blends were evaluated as a function of blend composition and the presence of compatibilizers. The blends compatibilized with maleated copolymer exhibited an impact strength up to 800 J/m and a morphology with ABS domains more efi8ciently dispersed. Moderate amounts of MA functionality in the compatibilizer (～5%) and small amounts of compatibilizer in the blend (～5%) appear sufficient to improve the impact properties and ABS dispersion. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 842–847, 2003     

Effect of compatibilizer in acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene toughened nylon 6 blends: Ductile–brittle transition temperature

The ductile–brittle transition temperatures were determined for compatibilized nylon 6/acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene (PA6/ABS) copolymer blends. The compatibilizers used for those blends were methyl methacrylate‐co‐maleic anhydride (MMA‐MAH) and MMA‐co‐glycidyl methacrylate (MMA‐GMA). The ductile–brittle transition temperatures were found to be lower for blends compatibilized through maleate modified acrylic polymers. At room temperature, the PA6/ABS binary blend was essentially brittle whereas the ternary blends with MMA‐MAH compatibilizer were supertough and showed a ductile–brittle transition temperature at ?10°C. The blends compatibilized with maleated copolymer exhibited impact strengths of up to 800 J/m. However, the blends compatibilized with MMA‐GMA showed poor toughness at room temperature and failed in a brittle manner at subambient temperatures. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 2643–2647, 2003     

相容剂对PC／ABS合金性能的影响

制备了不同配比的PC／ABS合金样品，研究了三种相容剂对PC／ABS合金的力学性能及应力开裂性能的影响。结果表明，苯乙烯马来酸酐共聚物(相容剂A)、马来酸酐接枝ABS(相容剂B)、马来酸酐接枝线形低密度聚乙烯(相容剂C)均可以提高共混体系中两组分的相容性。相容剂A、B、C的最佳用量分别为3％、5％和4％。     

ABS/SMA/GF复合材料的制备及性能

以丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)及玻璃纤维(GF)为原料,以苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)作为界面相容剂,研究界面相容剂对玻璃纤维增强ABS复合材料力学性能及界面粘接的影响.结果表明:加入SMA玻纤增强ABS复合材料的力学性能明显提高;随着玻纤质量分数增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度均逐渐增加,冲击强度下降.     

Effect of maleic anhydride grafted polybutadiene on the compatibility of polyamide 66/acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene copolymer blend

The addition of maleic anhydride grafted polybutadiene (PB‐g‐MAH) can greatly improve the compatibility of polyamide 66 (PA66)/acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene copolymer (ABS) blends. Unlike the commonly used compatibilizers in polyamide/ABS blends, PB‐g‐MAH is compatible with the ABS particles' core phase polybutadiene (PB), rather than the shell styrene‐acrylonitrile (SAN). The compatibility and interaction of the components in the blends were characterized by Fourier transform‐infrared spectra (FTIR), Molau tests, melt flow index (MFI), dynamic mechanical analyses (DMA), and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observations. The results show that PB‐g‐MAH can react with the amino end groups in PA66 while entangle with the PB phase in ABS. In this way, the compatibilizer anchors at the interface of PA66/ABS blend. The morphology study of the fracture sections before and after tensile test reveals that the ABS particles were dispersed uniformly in the PA66 matrix and the interfacial adhesion between PA66 and ABS was increased significantly. The mechanical properties of the blends thus were enhanced with the improving of the compatibility. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Melt processing,mechanical, and fatigue crack propagation properties of reactively compatibilized blends of polyamide 6 and acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymer

Within a IUPAC study, melt processing, mechanical, and fatigue crack growth properties of blends of polyamide 6 (PA 6) and poly(acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene) (ABS) were investigated. We focused on the influence of reactive compatibilization on blend properties using a styrene–acrylonitrile–maleic anhydride random terpolymer (SANMA). Two series of PA 6/ABS blends with 30 wt % PA 6 and 70 wt % PA 6, respectively, were prepared with varying amounts of SANMA. Our experiments revealed that the morphology of the matrix (PA 6 or ABS) strongly affects the blend properties. The viscosity of PA 6/ABS blends monotonically increases with SANMA concentration because of the formation of high‐molecular weight graft copolymers. The extrudate swell of the blends was much larger than that of neat PA 6 and ABS and decreased with increasing SANMA concentrations at a constant extrusion pressure. This observation can be explained by the effect of the capillary number. The fracture resistance of these blends, including specific work to break and impact strength, is lower than that of PA 6 or ABS alone, but increases with SANMA concentration. This effect is most strongly pronounced for blends with 70 wt % PA 6. Fatigue crack growth experiments showed that the addition of 1–2 wt % SANMA enhances the resistance against crack propagation for ABS‐based blends. The correlation between blend composition, morphology and processing/end‐use properties of reactively compatibilized PA 6/ABS blends is discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012