等离子喷涂纳米氧化锆涂层摩擦性能研究

利用大气等离子喷涂技术,在不锈钢基体上用不同颗粒尺寸的纳米粉末制备了两种纳米氧化锆涂层S1(平均粒度较小颗粒的喷雾造粒粉末所得)和B1(平均粒度较大颗粒的喷雾造粒粉末所得).运用XRD、SEM、TEM、拉曼光谱和金相技术等分析手段对喷涂用的粉末原料和涂层的显微结构、物相组成进行了观察与确定;利用环-块摩擦试验在干摩擦条件下对涂层的摩擦磨损性能进行了测试.结果表明,两种氧化锆涂层的摩擦系数均随载荷增大而减小.在较低载荷(100 N)条件下,S1涂层与不锈钢的摩擦系数低于B1涂层与不锈钢的摩擦系数;而在较高(400 N)载荷下,两种氧化锆涂层的摩擦系数开始趋于一致.其原因在于:较低的载荷下两种涂层与不锈钢摩擦副的摩擦磨损机制不同,S1涂层的磨损属于粘着磨损,B1涂层的磨损属于磨粒磨损;而在较高载荷下,两种涂层的磨损机制趋于一致,均为粘着磨损.     

激光重熔等离子喷涂WC颗粒增强镍基涂层组织及高温磨损性能

为了提高等离子喷涂WC颗粒增强镍基涂层的性能,采用激光重熔工艺对涂层进行处理,研究了激光重熔对涂层微观组织和性能的影响．用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和显微硬度计分析了涂层表面形貌、微观结构、相组成和显微硬度,同时对涂层的高温摩擦磨损特性进行了考察．结果表明,激光重熔消除了等离子喷涂层的层片状结构、孔隙等缺陷,涂层致密度提高;另外在激光高能量密度作用下,WC颗粒部分熔化,并在周围析出枝晶结构．激光重熔处理后涂层的显微硬度明显提高,其磨损性能也显著高于原等离子喷涂层．     

镁合金表面等离子喷涂Al涂层及激光重熔研究

利用等离子喷涂技术在镁合金表面制备了Al涂层,并通过激光对该涂层进行重熔处理。利用SEM、金相显微镜、XRD、万能材料试验机、盐雾腐蚀试验等分析测试手段研究了该涂层在激光重熔前后的变化。结果表明:镁合金表面等离子喷涂Al涂层经激光重熔后,涂层和基体之间的结合由机械结合转变为冶金结合,结合强度由20.96MPa提高到22.13MPa;涂层相组成不变;但出现了较多的孔隙和空洞,孔隙率由4.6%增大到7.5%,涂层耐盐雾的时间由900h降低到264h。     

激光重熔纳米氧化锆热障涂层的抗热冲击性能

采用纳米氧化锆团聚粉末和等离子喷涂技术制备了纳米氧化锆涂层,试验研究了激光重熔工艺参数（激光比能量）对纳米氧化锆涂层抗热冲击性能的影响.试验结果表明,激光重熔工艺参数对重熔涂层的抗热冲击性能影响显著,采用合适的工艺参数（激光比能量）,可以使重熔涂层获得最佳的抗热冲击性能.不同激光重熔工艺参数处理的涂层形成的组织结构不同,使得涂层的抗热冲击性能不同.合适的激光重熔工艺参数下涂层表现出高的抗热冲击性能,主要是因为重熔后的涂层组织结构有利于热应力的释放以及其相结构在高温冲击下具有良好的稳定性.     

超音速等离子喷涂Mo涂层的载流摩擦磨损性能

采用超音速等离子喷涂技术在45CrNiMoVA钢表面制备Mo涂层，利用场发射扫描显微镜（SEM）、X射线能谱分析仪（EDS）观测涂层显微形貌与组织成分，分析了载流摩擦中的电接触模型及电弧成因，利用滑动式摩擦试验机研究了电流强度对涂层粗糙度、表面温升及摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明：制备的Mo涂层组织致密、氧化程度低，与基体结合方式为“机械铆合”；随电流增加，摩擦副间电弧能量急剧升高，起弧率与表面粗糙度先降低，后上升。其中收缩电阻和微电容产生的自感电动势促进了电弧形成；摩擦副表面的温升由摩擦热、焦耳热、电弧热共同决定，与电流强度呈正相关；摩擦因数受表面粗糙度、材料剪切强度、表面膜等因素共同影响，随电流增加呈下降趋势。此外，载流条件下会出现黏着磨损、氧化磨损、电弧烧蚀等磨损，加剧了涂层剥落与磨粒磨损，但形成的摩擦膜可以有效保护涂层，降低磨损率。     

等离子喷涂ZrO2/Al2O3陶瓷涂层的摩擦磨损性能

采用等离子喷涂技术在20钢基体上制备不同ZrO2含量的ZrO2/Al2O3陶瓷涂层,在QG–700型高温气氛摩擦磨损试验机上测试了涂层的室温干滑动摩擦磨损性能,用JSM–5160LV型电镜(SEM)对涂层磨损表面和磨屑进行微观形貌观察。结果表明:40ZAT涂层的摩擦学性能较10ZAT与20ZAT涂层的有所改善;ZrO2含量对等离子喷涂ZrO2/Al2O3陶瓷涂层的磨损性能具有一定的影响;涂层的磨损机理为微观断裂引起的剥落磨损。     

激光重熔等离子喷涂Al2O3–13 %TiO2涂层的组织结构

采用等离子喷涂方法制备Al2O3–13%TiO2涂层,对涂层进行激光重熔处理。利用电子扫描显微镜(SEM)观察涂层断口组织,金相截面组织和金相表面组织形貌,分析激光重熔处理后涂层的凝固过程。结果表明:激光重熔处理,使涂层由块状结构转变为平行排列,垂直于基体方向生长的柱状晶和柱状枝晶结构。由于金属基体温度低、散热快,使得陶瓷涂层上下温差大,诱发了陶瓷晶粒的定向生长,这是使陶瓷晶粒垂直于基体生长的主要原因。     

激光重熔对TiAl合金表面等离子喷涂热障涂层耐热腐蚀性能的影响

分别采用等离子喷涂和等离子喷涂一激光重熔复合工艺在TiAl合金表面制备了热障涂层,研究了两种涂层在850℃：下75％Na2SO4＋25％NaCl（质量分数）熔融盐中的热腐蚀行为,进而分析激光重熔工艺对等离子喷涂热障涂层耐热腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明：激光重熔热障涂层可以有效地阻止熔融盐腐蚀介质进入涂层发生腐蚀,具有更优的抗热腐蚀性能和使用寿命。     

等离子喷涂纳米氧化锆涂层研究进展

等离子喷涂氧化锆涂层用作航空和陆基发动机热保护已经有数十年历史,取得了很好的效果.为了进一步提高发动机的效率和寿命,人们致力发展新的涂层材料和改进现有涂层的结构和性能.文中叙述了中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所在等离子喷涂纳米氧化锆涂层方面的近期研究结果.通过工艺参数调整控制涂层微观结构,制备了具有纳米结构的3 % Y2O3-ZrO2涂层;较为系统地测定了涂层的物理、力学和热物性能;对比了纳米和常规氧化锆涂层的抗热震行为,初步阐述了不同涂层的热震破损失效机制;对涂层的生物活性和细胞相容性亦进行了初步评价.此外,还展望了等离子喷涂纳米氧化锆涂层的未来研究工作方向.     

激光重熔氧化锆陶瓷涂层的相变过程

钛合金表面等离子喷涂氧化锆涂层激光重熔后,得到重熔区,过渡区和热影响区,本文采用ＳＥＭ,ＴＥＭ和Ｘ射线衍射对激光重熔前后各区的相变过程进行了研究,结果表明喷涂涂层激光重熔后,重熔区Ｃ－ＺｒＯ２失稳得到Ｔ－ＺｒＯ２但无大量的Ｍ－ＺｒＯ２出现。过渡区由熔池底部的α－Ｔｉ和其前沿的粒状ＺｒＯ２组成,粒状组织内由Ｔ－ＺｒＯ２,Ｍ－ＺｒＯ２和Ｃ－ＺｒＯ２三相组成。     

Dry sliding wear behavior of ceramic-metal composite coatings prepared by plasma spraying of self-reacting powders

Ceramic-metal composite (CMC) coatings were deposited on the surface of Fe-0.14–0.22 wt.% C steel by plasma spraying of self-reacting Fe₂O₃−Al composite powders. The dry sliding friction and wear character of the CMC coatings are investigated in this paper. The wear resistance of the CMC coatings was significantly better than that of Al₂O₃ coatings under the same sliding wear conditions. The tough metal, which is dispersed in the ceramic matrix, obviously improved the toughness of the CMC coatings. Wear mechanisms of the CMC coatings were identified as a combination of abrasive and adhesive wear.     

Formation of high hardness zirconia coatings by gas tunnel type plasma spraying

The high hardness zirconia (ZrO₂) coatings could be obtained at an atmospheric pressure by using a gas tunnel type plasma spraying. The characteristics of these high hardness ZrO₂ coatings were investigated. The Vickers hardness of the ZrO₂ coating at a short spraying distance was very high; a high hardness of more than H_v=1200 was achieved at the surface side of the coating. The microstructure of the obtained high hardness ZrO₂ coating was also investigated by the microscopic method. And the characteristics of the high hardness ZrO₂ coating was discussed in comparison with that of the coating formed by the conventional type plasma spraying. It was clarified that the ZrO₂ coating of the gas tunnel type was not only much harder but also less porous than that of the conventional type.     

等离子喷涂制备铁基非晶涂层及其耐磨性

采用等离子喷涂的方法制备铁基非晶涂层,并对不同喷涂功率制备涂层的组织和耐磨性进行了分析。结果表明,3种功率制备涂层表面致密、孔隙率低,且具有较高的热稳定性、硬度和耐磨性。当喷涂功率为30 k W时,涂层非晶程度高;喷涂功率为35和40 k W时,涂层中有Fe2B和Mo6Co6C晶相出现,随喷涂功率增加,涂层硬度和摩擦因数升高,35 k W制备涂层的耐磨性最好。     

Nanostructured yttria stabilized zirconia coatings deposited by air plasma spraying

Nanostructured yttria partially stabilized zirconia coatings were deposited by air plasma spraying with reconstituted nanosized powder. The microstructures and phase compositions of the powder and the as-sprayed nanostructured coatings were characterized by transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and X-ray diffxaction（XRD）. The results demonstrate that the microstructure of as-sprayed nanostructured zirconia coating exhibits a unique tri-modal distribution including the initial nanostructure of the powder, equiaxed grains and columnar grains. Air plasma sprayed nanostructured zirconia coatings consist of only the nontransformable tetragonal phase, though the reconstituted nanostructured powder shows the presence of the monoclinic, the tetragonal and the cubic phases. The mean grain size of the coating is about 42 nm.     

Wear and corrosion resistance of laser remelted and plasma sprayed Ni and Cr coatings on copper

Nickel and chromium coatings were produced on the copper sheet using plasma spraying and laser remelting. The sliding wear test was achieved on a block-on-ring tester and the corrosion test was carried out in an acidic atmosphere. The corrosive behaviors of both coatings and original copper samples were investigated by using an impedance comparison method. The experimental results show that the nickel and chromium coatings display better wear resistance and corrosion resistance relative to the original pure copper sample. The wear resistance of the coatings is 8 - 12 times as large as original samples, and the wear resistance of laser remelted samples is better than that of plasma sprayed ones. The corrosion resistance of laser remelted nickel and chromium samples is better than that of plasma sprayed samples respectively. The corrosion rate of chromium coatings is less than that of nickel coatings, and the laser remelted Cr coating exhibits the least corrosion rate.     

TiAl合金表面激光重熔MCrAlY涂层热腐蚀性能

采用等离子喷涂技术在TiAl合金表面制备了MCrAlY涂层,并用激光重熔工艺对涂层进行处理,研究了TiAl合金、等离子喷涂MCrAlY涂层及激光重熔MCrAlY涂层850℃下75%Na₂SO₄+25%NaCl(质量分数)混合盐浸泡热腐蚀性能,分析了不同试样的热腐蚀破坏机理,并讨论了激光重熔处理对涂层热腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明,等离子喷涂MCrAlY涂层能显著提高TiAl合金的耐热腐蚀性能,经过激光重熔后可进一步提高其耐热腐蚀性能.MCrAlY涂层在高温熔盐中的热腐蚀发生的是表面氧化反应和内部硫化反应,主要生成Al₂O₃,Cr₂O₃,NiO,NiCr₂O₄,Ni₃S₂及CrS等腐蚀产物.     

Properties of alumina-titania coatings prepared by laser-assisted air plasma spraying

Studies have shown that microstructures formed by post-laser remelting of air plasma sprayed coatings exhibit densification but also numerous macrocracks due to the rapid cooling and thermal stresses. In laser-assisted air plasma spraying (LAAPS) process, the laser beam interacts simultaneously with the plasma torch in order to increase the temperature of the coating and possibly remelt the coating at the surface. As a result, the microstructure is partially densified and macrocracks, which are generally produced in the post-laser irradiation treatment, may be inhibited. In this paper, LAAPS was performed to improve the hardness and wear resistance of Al₂O₃-13%TiO₂ coatings. These coatings prepared by air plasma spraying (APS) are widely used to protect components against abrasive wear at low temperatures. The coating microstructure was characterized by SEM and X-ray diffraction. The mechanical characterization was done by hardness measurements, erosive wear tests and abrasion wear tests. Results showed that laser assistance may improve the microstructural and mechanical properties. Phenomena involved in LAAPS of alumina-titania coatings are discussed in this paper.